For their influences the new generation of film-makers looked to Italian neorealism, the French Nouvelle Vague and the British New Wave but combined this eclectically with references to the well-established genres of Hollywood cinema.

Large national cinema festivals include Italian, French, Russian, Korean, Spanish, German and many more.

The history of Italian cinema began just a few months after the Lumière brothers had patented their Cinematographe, when Pope Leo XIII was filmed for a few seconds in the act of blessing the camera.

This administration suggested, with Mussolini's full approval, the creation of some important structures for Italian cinema.

This work is perhaps De Sica's masterpiece and one of the most important works in Italian cinema.

Following the 1960s boom of shockumentary " Mondo films " such as Gualtiero Jacopetti's Mondo Cane, during the late 1970s and early 1980s, Italian cinema became internationally synonymous with violent horror films.

Between the late 1970s and mid-1980s, Italian cinema was in crisis ; " art films " became increasingly isolated, separating from the mainstream Italian cinema.

A new generation of directors has helped return Italian cinema to a healthy level since the end of the 1980s.

In 2007 American director Quentin Tarantino said " New Italian cinema is just depressing.

" He received criticism from the Italian media and actress Sophia Loren who said " How dare he talk about Italian cinema when he doesn't know anything about American cinema?

From 1955 onwards, the works of directors of the so-called Polish Film School had a great influence on the contemporary trends such as French New Wave, Italian neorealism or even late Classical Hollywood cinema.

* Italian Futurism ( cinema )

2 ), a highly stylized " revenge flick " in the cinematic traditions of Wuxia ( Chinese martial arts ), Jidaigeki ( Japanese period cinema ), Spaghetti Westerns and Italian horror.

Controcampo Italiano section, presents a panorama on Italian cinema with 7 narrative feature-length films, 7 short films, and 7 documentaries, all world premiere screenings and all in competition in their respective categories.

* November 2 – Luchino Visconti, Italian theatre and cinema director and writer ( d. 1976 )

Although the written treatment never got turned into a full screenplay, Leone's son Andrea had it published in a June 2004 issue of the Italian cinema magazine Ciak.

Rossellini was one of the directors of the Italian neorealist cinema, contributing films such as Roma città aperta ( Rome, Open City 1945 ) to the movement.

An important point to note is that out of Scorsese's selection of Italian films from a select group of directors ( Federico Fellini, Luchino Visconti, Vittorio De Sica, Michelangelo Antonioni ) Rossellini's films form at least half of the films discussed and analyzed, highlighting Rossellini's monumental role in Italian and world cinema.

Thirteen Italian airmen who went to the Congo to serve the cause of peace under the United Nations banner have instead met violent death at the hands of Congolese troops supposedly their friends.

He went to Basel, where Lelio Sozzini and the lawyer Martino Muralto were sent to secure Ochino as pastor of the Italian church at Zürich, which Ochino accepted.

He had come to realize that the Italian stage needed reforming ; adopting Molière as his model, he went to work in earnest and in 1738 produced his first real comedy, L ' uomo di mondo (" The Man of the World ").

The name cello is an abbreviation of the Italian violoncello, which means " little violone ", referring to the violone (" big viol "), the lowest-pitched instrument of the viol family, the group of string instruments that went out of fashion around the end of the 17th century in most countries except France, where they survived another half-century or so before the louder violin family came into greater favour in that country too.

After retiring as a footballer, Zoff went on to become coach for the Italian national team and several other Italian clubs.

The initial night attack went well, with 736 prisoners taken, mostly from the Italian Trento and Trieste motorised divisions.

The largest of the four parts went to Daimler-Benz ( later Daimler-Chrysler and now Daimler AG ), who charged Italian architect Renzo Piano with creating an overall design for their scheme while sticking to the underlying requirements of Hilmer & Sattler's masterplan.

He went on to lecture at many eminent Italian universities.

Beginning in the 2nd century BC, Rome went through a significant population expansion as Italian farmers, driven from their ancestral farmlands by the advent of massive, slave-operated farms called latifundia, flocked to the city in great numbers.

After Vanni Mulinari's travel to Udine and subsequent arrest by the Italian justice, the Abbé Pierre went to talk in 1983 with Italian President Sandro Pertini to plead Mulinari's cause.

In the west, Justinian's political authority never went any farther than certain portions of the Italian and Hispanic peninsulas.

Lacy's first visit to Europe came in 1965, with a visit to Copenhagen in the company of Kenny Drew ; he went to Italy and formed a quartet with Italian trumpeter Enrico Rava and the South African musicians Johnny Dyani and Louis Moholo ( their visit to Buenos Aires is documented on The Forest and the Zoo, ESP, 1967 ).

In 1831 he went to Marseille, where he became a popular figure to the other Italian exiles.

Alesi, born in France but of Italian descent, went by his real given name of Giovanni until teasing from classmates led him to adopting a more French first name.

In regard to his Italian policy, Otto II went beyond the goals of his father.

He went into exile in Malta ; Mehmed later lived on the Italian Riviera.

In March the same year, Jenny Nicholson, a frequent contributor, wrote a piece on the Italian Socialist Party congress in Venice, which mentioned three Labour MPs " who puzzled the Italians by filling themselves like tanks with whisky and coffee …" All three sued for libel, the case went to trial and The Spectator was forced to make a large payment in damages and costs, a sum well over the equivalent of £ 150, 000 today.

This was a terrible move as far as public relations went as it was not indicative of the fresh start that the Italian people wanted and suggested that Sardinia-Piedmont had taken over the Italian Peninsula, rather than unifying it.

First reaching the semi-finals of the Northern Italian competition in 1919 – 20, they went one better the following season by reaching the Northern League finals, going out 2 – 1 to Pro Vercelli.

He went to Egypt briefly, visiting some Italian friends but was soon expelled by the Italian Consul.

Rather than from a first-hand study of Jewish people, his delineation of Shylock stems from a collection of Italian stories, Il Pecorone, published in 1558, although written almost two centuries earlier.

It is a tribute to her talents that she was able to talk the District Attorney into having her removed from the prison to a hotel room, with her meals taken at Vesuvio's, an excellent Italian restaurant.

Her fiance, who is with a publishing firm, translates many books from English into Italian.

Mr. and Mrs. Piero De Luise will honor Italian Consul and Mrs. Emilio Bassi at a cocktail party Tuesday, May 2, from 6 to 8 p.m. in their home.

Pursuing it, he has logged 500,000 miles, suffered indescribable digestive indignities, and meticulously collected physiological data on the health and eating habits of 10,000 individuals, from Bantu tribesmen to Italian contadini.

Some adaptations of the Latin alphabet are augmented with ligatures, such as æ in Old English and Icelandic and Ȣ in Algonquian ; by borrowings from other alphabets, such as the thorn þ in Old English and Icelandic, which came from the Futhark runes ; and by modifying existing letters, such as the eth ð of Old English and Icelandic, which is a modified d. Other alphabets only use a subset of the Latin alphabet, such as Hawaiian, and Italian, which uses the letters j, k, x, y and w only in foreign words.

The German dialects of South Tyrol have been influenced by local Romance languages, in particular with many loan words from Italian, and Ladin.

The word archipelago is derived from the Greek ἄρχι-– arkhi-(" chief ") and πέλαγος – pélagos (" sea ") through the Italian arcipelago.

In Italian, possibly following a tradition of antiquity, the Arcipelago ( from medieval Greek * ἀρχιπέλαγος ) was the proper name for the Aegean Sea and, later, usage shifted to refer to the Aegean Islands ( since the sea is remarkable for its large number of islands ).

The most common is Martin Waldseemüller's deriving it from Americus Vespucius, the Latinised version of Amerigo Vespucci's name, the Italian merchant and cartographer who explored South America's east coast and the Caribbean sea in the early 16th century.

Adjectives derived from " United States " ( such as United Statesian ) are awkward in English, but similar constructions exist in Spanish ( estadounidense ), Portuguese ( estado-unidense, estadunidense ), Finnish ( yhdysvaltalainen: from Yhdysvallat, United States ), as well as in French ( états-unien ), and Italian ( statunitense ).

* 1945 – The Italian commune of Fornovo di Taro is liberated from German forces by Brazilian forces.

Amati is the name of a family of Italian violin makers, who flourished at Cremona from about 1549 to 1740.

* 1991 – Libero Grassi, an Italian businessman from Palermo is killed by the Mafia after taking a solitary stand against their extortion demands.

Amerigo Vespucci () ( March 9, 1454February 22, 1512 ) was an Italian explorer, financier, navigator and cartographer who first demonstrated that Brazil and the West Indies did not represent Asia's eastern outskirts as initially conjectured from Columbus ' voyages, but instead constituted an entirely separate landmass hitherto unknown to Afro-Eurasians.

Antonio Canova (; 1 November 1757 – 13 October 1822 ) was an Italian sculptor from the Republic of Venice who became famous for his marble sculptures that delicately rendered nude flesh.

Historians identify several waves of migration to the United States: one from 1815 – 1860, in which some five million English, Irish, Germanic, Scandinavian, and others from northwestern Europe came to the United States ; one from 1865 – 1890, in which some 10 million immigrants, also mainly from northwestern Europe, settled, and a third from 1890 – 1914, in which 15 million immigrants, mainly from central, eastern, and southern Europe ( many Austrian, Hungarian, Turkish, Lithuanian, Russian, Jewish, Greek, Italian, and Romanian ) settled in the United States.