Jacob Burckhardt, in his cultural classic The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, observed that hierarchy, exclusionary and inherited caste structure was pervasive in Italy, from the nobili caste to the merchants to the peasants.

In the 19th century Jacob Burckhardt viewed Eusebius as ' a liar ', the “ first thoroughly dishonest historian of antiquity .” Ramsay MacMullen in the 20th century regarded Eusebius's work as representative of early Christian historical accounts in which “ Hostile writings and discarded views were not recopied or passed on, or they were actively suppressed ..., matters discreditable to the faith were to be consigned to silence .” As a consequence this kind of methodology in MacMullens view has distorted modern attempts, ( e. g. Harnack, Nock, and Brady ), to describe how the Church grew in the early centuries.

* Jacob Burckhardt ( 19th century cultural historian ) dismissed Eusebius as " the first thoroughly dishonest historian of antiquity ".

However, the nineteenth-century Swiss historian Jacob Burckhardt noted that Jean Buridan had climbed the same mountain a few years before, and ascents accomplished during the Middle Ages have been recorded, including that of Anno II, Archbishop of Cologne.

The Swiss historian Jacob Burckhardt ( 1818 – 1897 ) in his Die Cultur der Renaissance in Italien ( 1860 ), by contrast, defined the Renaissance as the period between Giotto and Michelangelo in Italy, that is, the 14th to mid-16th centuries.

* Burckhardt, Jacob The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy ( 1860 ), a famous classic ; excerpt and text search 2007 edition ; also complete text online

* Jacob Burckhardt

But in 1951, the Neuen Helvetischen Gesellschaft ( New Swiss Society ), under the leadership of Emil Egli, got 150, 000 Swiss citizens to sign a petition protesting the project ; among the signatories were 49 famous citizens, including Hermann Hesse and Carl Jacob Burckhardt.

Zedler could rely on the support of Jacob August Franckenstein, a professor of natural and international law at the University of Leipzig, and was a friend of the publisher of New Learned Works, Johann Burckhardt Mencke.

The two historians who influenced Meyer particularly were Louis Vulliemin at Lausanne and Jacob Burckhardt at Bâsle whose book on the Culture of the Renaissance stimulated his imagination and interest.

As further testimony to the latter, Jacob Burckhardt described his recreational activities as follows: " Besides hunting, which he practiced regardless of all rights of property, his pleasures were of two kinds: he liked to have his opponents near him, either alive in well-guarded prisons, or dead and embalmed, dressed in the costume which they wore in their lifetime.

De Wette, Jacob Burckhardt, and the Theological Origins of Nineteenth-Century Historical Consciousness, Cambridge University Press, 1999.

The famed historian Jacob Burckhardt visited his class in his last semester ( 1839 – 40 ).

* March 3-Carl Jacob Burckhardt, historian ( born 1891 )

the 19th century by Jacob Burckhardt, who was Swiss historian

Historian Steven Kreis expresses a widespread view ( derived from the nineteenth-century Swiss historian Jacob Burckhardt ), when he writes that: The period from the fourteenth century to the seventeenth worked in favor of the general emancipation of the individual.

Carl Jacob Christoph Burckhardt ( Basel, May 25, 1818 – August 8, 1897 in Basel ) was a historian of art and culture, and an influential figure in the historiography of each field.

* Carl Jacob Burckhardt, Swiss diplomat and historian

The term Renaissance is in essence a modern one that came into currency in the 19th century, in the work of historians such as Jacob Burckhardt.

Kugler's pupil, the great Swiss art historian Jacob Burckhardt, though he could not be called a specialist in medieval art, was an important figure in developing the understanding of it.

" Cleanliness ," observed Jacob Burckhardt, " is indispensable to our modern notion of social perfection.

The critic and historian Jacob Burckhardt was from Basel.

# redirect Jacob Burckhardt

* Jacob Burckhardt

Later that year he also portrayed Jacob Marley in a 1977 BBC television adaptation of A Christmas Carol, which starred Michael Hordern as Scrooge ; Sergio Angelini, writing for the British Film Institute considered that " although never frightening, he does exert a strong sense of melancholy, his every move and inflection seemingly tinged with regret and remorse ".

Wilkinson was portrayed by Jasper Jacob in the 2002 BBC production of Ian Curteis's controversial The Falklands Play.

The first known use of the " ash can " terminology in describing the movement was by Art Young, in 1916, but the term was applied later not only to The Eight, but also to such artists as Edward Hopper ( a student of Henri ), George Bellows ( another student of Henri ), Mabel Dwight and others such as photographer Jacob Riis, who portrayed urban subject matter, also primarily of New York's working-class neighborhoods.

Actor Jacob Adler, already a big fan of the highly regarded Russian language theater in Odessa at that time, and who saw Grodner perform in taverns and restaurants, indicates in his memoir the strong impression Grodner made on him for how well he portrayed his characters.

* In the film Scrooged ( 1988 ), a modern interpretation of Dickens ' novella, Jacob Marley is portrayed by John Forsythe.

In the apocryphal Testaments of the Patriarchs, Dan is portrayed as having hated Joseph, and having been the one that invented the idea of deceiving Jacob by the smearing of Joseph's coat with the blood of a kid ; in the apocryphal Prayer of Asenath, Dan is portrayed as plotting with the Egyptian crown prince, against Joseph and Asenath.

In the 1998 DVD production of the show, Mistoffelees is portrayed by Jacob Brent, reprising his Broadway role.

Black and her former Neighbours co-star Sweeney Young portrayed a young couple in the music video for Jacob Butler's single " Coma ".

During this time, many Spanish artists and writers, members of the Generation of ' 98 and Generation of ' 27, visited, studied and lectured at the Residence, including Federico García Lorca, Luis Buñuel, Salvador Dalí, José Ortega y Gasset, Rafael Alberti, Dámaso Alonso, Luis Cernuda, Miguel de Unamuno, Antonio Machado and Ramón del Valle-Inclán, and other innovative thinkers such as Einstein, Howard Carter, Gilbert Keith Chesterton, Paul Valéry, Marie Curie, Igor Stravinski, Paul Claudel, Louis de Broglie, Herbert George Wells, Max Jacob, Le Corbusier, Keynes, etc.

* Jacob Carruthers, Egyptologist ; founding director of the Association for the Study of Classical African Civilization ; founder and director of the Kemetic Institute, Chicago

* Jacob Burckhardt-Die Cultur der Renaissance in Italien ( The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy )

::— Jacob Burckhardt, The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, 1855.

As Jacob Burckhardt, Swiss historian and author of the classic The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy described, “ It was not the revival of antiquity alone, but its union with the genius of the Italian people which achieved the conquest of the western world .” In sum, Cavalcanti lived during and helped shape this time of great innovation that was spurred on by a desire to explore, create and experiment with new things.

For example, at Harvard University he endowed the Jacob E. Safra Professorship of Jewish History and Sephardic Civilization, and he gave significant funds for the Robert F. Kennedy Visiting Professorship in Latin American Studies.

* Jacob Staub, Chair, Department of Medieval Jewish Civilization, Professor of Jewish Philosophy and Spirituality, Director, Jewish Spiritual Direction Program

* Jacob Obrecht, composer of the Renaissance ( c. 1457 – 1505 )

Jacobus Gallus Carniolus ( a. k. a. Jacob ( us ) Handl, Jacob ( us ) Händl, Jacob ( us ) Gallus ; Slovenian Jakob Petelin Kranjski ) ( 3 July 1550 – 18 July 1591 ) was a late Renaissance composer of Slovenian ethnicity.

Many great Medieval and Renaissance composers, such as Gilles Binchois, Orlande de Lassus, Guillaume Dufay, Heinrich Isaac and Jacob Obrecht came from the area which is now Belgium ( see the Franco-Flemish School ).

Artists associated with the Harlem Renaissance include Romare Bearden, Jacob Lawrence, Charles Alston, Augusta Savage, Archibald Motley, Lois Mailou Jones, Palmer Hayden and Sargent Johnson.

Jacobus Clemens non Papa ( also Jacques Clément or Jacob Clemens non Papa ) ( – 1555 or 1556 ) was a Flemish composer of the Renaissance based for most of his life in Flanders.

Jacques Arcadelt ( also Jacob Arcadelt ) ( – 14 October 1568 ) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance, active in both Italy and France, and principally known as a composer of secular vocal music.

Jacob Obrecht ( 1457 / 8 – late July 1505 ) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance.

* Jacob Faber of Deventer, ( 1473 – c. 1517 ) also a Renaissance humanist

The notion of calling this period " The Renaissance " is a modern invention, having been popularized by the historian Jacob Burckhardt in the 19th century.

In her poetry Violet Jacob was associated with Scots revivalists like Marion Angus, Alexander Gray and Lewis Spence in the Scottish Renaissance, which drew its inspiration from early Scots poets such as Robert Henryson and William Dunbar, rather than from Robert Burns.

* Jacob Obrecht ( c. 1457 / 8 – 1505 ), Franco-Flemish composer of the Renaissance

Voigt belonged to the founders of modern research into the Italian Renaissance along with Jacob Burckhardt.