Therefore, judgments from the House of Lords and the Court of Appeal have greater authority than the lower courts such as the High Court and the County Court.

Appeals from the Court of Appeal are sent to Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, which essentially is the same body as the Judicial Committee of the House of Lords.

It reorganized the English court system to establish the High Court and the Court of Appeal and also originally provided for the abolition of the judicial functions of the House of Lords with respect to England but, under the act, it would have retained those functions in relation to Scotland and Ireland for the time being.

Finally, when it became clear that the English legal profession was firmly opposed to the reform proposals, the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 removed the provisions for the abolition of the judicial functions of the House of Lords, although it retained the provisions that established the High Court and the Court of Appeal.

* List of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary

Cornwall 2000 need to show that they have exhausted all domestic legal avenues by having the case summarily dismissed by the High Court, the Appeal Court and the House of Lords, before the case can be put to the European Court of Human Rights.

* February 16 – The Court of Appeal of England and Wales rules that the Sunday Times can publish articles on Thalidomide and Distillers Company, despite ongoing legal actions by parents ( the decision is overturned in July by the House of Lords ).

Judges of the Court of Appeal, also called Lords Justice of Appeal, are referred to as " Lord Justice N " or " Lady Justice N ." In writing, Lords Justices of Appeal are afforded the post nominal letters " LJ :" for example, Smith LJ.

This was followed by the Court of Appeal in R v Constanza, and the House of Lords which confirmed the principle in R v Burstow, R v Ireland.

Legal notables who have been honorary fellows of the college include the late Sir John Smith, the pre-eminent criminal lawyer of his generation, the first solicitor to be appointed to the Court of Appeal and House of Lords, Lord Collins of Mapesbury and Sir Robert Jennings, former President of the International Court of Justice.

Until the formal opening of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom on 1 October 2009, life peers created under the Appellate Jurisdiction Act were known as " Lords of Appeal in Ordinary " or in common parlance " Law Lords ".

Under the terms of the Act, there may be no more than 12 Lords of Appeal in Ordinary under the age of 75 at one time.

The Court of Appeal refused to give the Countryside Alliance permission to appeal their decision to the House of Lords ; however, a petition for permission to appeal was submitted directly to the Law Lords and granted in July 2005.

Some such judges, for instance judges of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, are called ' Lords Justices ', or ' Ladies Justices ', as the case may be.

* Judges of the Court of Appeal of England and Wales, known as ' Lords Justices of Appeal '.

# REDIRECT Lords of Appeal in Ordinary

By constitutional convention, only those lords who were legally qualified ( Lords of Appeal in Ordinary, or Law Lords ) heard the appeals, since World War II usually in what was known as the Appellate Committee of the House of Lords rather than in the chamber of the House.

The Committee consisted of three Lords of Appeal or Lords of Appeal in Ordinary.

An Appellate Committee, normally consisting of five Lords of Appeal in Ordinary or Lords of Appeal, heard the actual appeals.

The matter was reheard by a panel of seven Lords of Appeal in Ordinary.

If the House of Lords was in recess, the Lord Chancellor or Senior Lord of Appeal in Ordinary could recall the House to give judgment.

The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, which includes the twelve Lords of Appeal in Ordinary as well as other senior judges in the Privy Council, has little domestic jurisdiction.

Under the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876, the Sovereign nominated a number of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary to sit in the House of Lords.

Only individuals who had held high judicial office for a minimum of two years or barristers who had been practicing for fifteen years were to be appointed Lords of Appeal in Ordinary.

By convention, at least two of the Lords of Appeal in Ordinary were Scottish and at least one from Northern Ireland.

Lords of Appeal in Ordinary held the rank of Baron and seats in the House for life.

Under the Judicial Pensions and Retirement Act 1993 they ceased to be Lords of Appeal in Ordinary at the age of seventy, but could be permitted by ministerial discretion to hold office as late as age seventy-five.

The original Act provided for the appointment of only two Lords of Appeal in Ordinary, but as of 2009 twelve could be appointed ; this number could have been further raised by a Statutory Instrument approved by both Houses of Parliament.

Lords of Appeal in Ordinary were, by custom, appointed to the Privy Council if not already members.

Two of the Lords of Appeal in Ordinary were designated the Senior and Second Senior Lords of Appeal in Ordinary.

The Lords Commissioners were always a mixture of admirals, known as Naval Lords or Sea Lords, and Civil Lords, normally politicians.

The brethren were pleased with the Emperor's letter, but Anthony did not pay any attention to it, and he said to them, " The books of God, the King of Kings and the Lord of Lords, commands us every day, but we do not heed what they tell us, and we turn our backs on them.

Lord Aberdare was one of the ninety-two elected hereditary peers that were allowed to remain in the House of Lords after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999. the title is held by his son, the fifth Baron, who succeeded in 2005 and was elected to the House of Lords in 2009.

Many of the extras were recruited by Amber Rudd who is described in the credits as " Aristocracy Co-ordinator "— among those used were Lords Burlington and Woolton.

The wastes of Gallifrey include the Death Zone, an area that was used as a gladiatorial arena by the first Time Lords, pitting various species kidnapped from their respective time zones against each other ( although Daleks and Cybermen were considered too dangerous to use ).

In the last regular Eighth Doctor novel, The Gallifrey Chronicles by Lance Parkin, it is revealed that while Gallifrey was destroyed, the Time Lords were not erased from history.

Although required by the tenets of constitutional monarchy to be non-partisan while in office, governors were frequently former politicians, many being members of the House of Lords by virtue of their peerage.

The Lords Commissioners present were the Earls of Suffolk, Worcester, Northampton, Devonshire, and Salisbury.

Although Catesby and Percy escaped the executioner, their bodies were exhumed and decapitated, and their heads exhibited on spikes outside the House of Lords.

The power of the explosion was such that the deep concrete walls ( replicating how archives suggest the walls of the old House of Lords were constructed ) were reduced to rubble.

there were the sales of linen and cattle to England, the cash flows from military service, and the tobacco trade that was dominated by Glasgow Tobacco Lords after 1740.

This transition did little to relieve the islands of internecine strife although by the early 14th century the MacDonald Lords of the Isles, based on Islay, were in theory these chiefs ' feudal superiors and managed to exert some control.

Judges at the House of Lords secured their position by mere virtue of the fact that their fathers were hereditary peers and so individuals would automatically inherit seats in the upper house rather than securing their position through merit.

Thus, Queen Victoria and subsequent monarchs were able to appoint leading lawyers to adjudicate in the House of Lords by making them life peers.

While it is not clear from the Historia Brittonum and the Annales Cambriae that Arthur was even considered a king, by the time Culhwch and Olwen and the Triads were written he had become Penteyrnedd yr Ynys hon, " Chief of the Lords of this Island ", the overlord of Wales, Cornwall and the North.

A section to create an offence of " gross indecency " between females was added to a bill in the United Kingdom House of Commons and passed there in 1921, but was rejected in the House Of Lords, apparently because they were concerned any attention paid to sexual misconduct would also promote it.

Furthermore, the Lords were opposed to the severity of the sentence of death imposed upon Strafford.

The King believed that Puritans ( or Dissenters ) encouraged by five vociferous members of the House of Commons, John Pym, John Hampden, Denzil Holles, Sir Arthur Haselrig and William Strode along with Viscount Mandeville ( the future Earl of Manchester ) who sat in the House of Lords, had encouraged the Scots to invade England in the recent Bishops ' Wars and that they were intent on turning the London mob against him.