The problem of evil takes at least four formulations in ancient Mesopotamian religious thought, as in the extant manuscripts of Ludlul bēl nēmeqi ( I Will Praise the Lord of Wisdom ), Erra and Ishum, The Babylonian Theodicy, and The Dialogue of Pessimism.

Perhaps the most notable were the Poem of the Righteous Sufferer ( Ludlul bēl nēmeqi ) and the Babylonian Theodicy.

For the most part, private omens concerned the fortunes of the bēl bīti, head of a household, or the owner of a flock or herd and related to life and death, health, general condition, relationship with the gods, social status, family and economic circumstances.

Marduk-zākir-šumi, the bēl pīḫati, or provincial governor, was the beneficiary of a piece of land as a perquisite from the king.

And by a skillful and unobtrusive use of imagery ( the enclosure is called a `` Roman-camp stockade '', the hastily erected lean-to is a `` Babylonian hovel '', the men begin to look like `` Peruvian mummies '' and to acquire `` Gothic faces '' ), Malraux projects a fresco of human endurance -- which is also the endurance of the human -- stretching backward into the dark abyss of time.

Aplu, it is suggested, comes from the Akkadian Aplu Enlil, meaning " the son of Enlil ", a title that was given to the god Nergal, who was linked to Shamash, Babylonian god of the sun.

In a Hittite text is mentioned that the king invited a Babylonian priestess for a certain " purification ".

It is the belief of Old Babylonian scholars such as Carruccio that Old Babylonians " may have used the abacus for the operations of addition and subtraction ; however, this primitive device proved difficult to use for more complex calculations ".

Aquarius is identified as " The Great One " in the Babylonian star catalogues and represents the god Ea himself, who is commonly depicted holding an overflowing vase.

It is called Hanat in a Babylonian letter, ( about 2200 BC ), a-na-at by the scribes of Tukulti-Ninurta ( 885 BC ), and An-at by the scribe of Assur-nasir-pal ( 879 B. C.

In addition, there is no evidence whatsoever in Assyrian, Babylonian, Median, Persian, Greek or Egyptian records of the time mentioning deportations of Assyrians from their homelands

In the annals of the Babylonian schools the year of his arrival is recorded as the starting-point in the chronology of the Talmudic age.

As a haggadist, Rav is surpassed by none of the Babylonian Amoraim.

He is the only one of the Babylonian teachers whose haggadistic utterances approach in number and contents those of the Palestinian haggadists.

There are several other Abbahus mentioned in the Talmudim and Midrashim, prominent among whom is Abbahu ( Abuha, Aibut ) b. Ihi ( Ittai ), a Babylonian halakist, contemporary of Samuel and Anan ( Eruvin 74a ), and brother of Minyamin ( Benjamin ) b. Ihi.

Of special historical interest is the observation of Abbahu in regard to the benediction " Baruk Shem Kebod Malkuto " ( Blessed be the Name of His glorious Kingdom ) after the " Shema ' Yisrael ," that in Palestine, where the Christians look for points of controversy, the words should be recited aloud ( lest the Jews be accused of tampering with the unity of God proclaimed in the Shema '), whereas in the Babylonian city of Nehardea, where there are no Christians, the words are recited with a low voice ( Pesahim 56a ).

# The remainder of 2 Chronicles ( chapters 10 – 36 ) is a chronicle of the kings of Judah to the time of the Babylonian exile, concluding with the call by Cyrus the Great for the exiles to return to their land.

The earliest parts of the book are possibly chapters 2 – 11, the story of the conquest ; more certain is that this section was then incorporated into an early form of Joshua that was part of then original Deuteronomistic history, written late in the reign of king Josiah ( reigned 640 – 609 BCE ); it seems clear that the book was not completed until after the fall of Jerusalem to the Babylonians in 586, and possibly not until after the return from the Babylonian exile late in the 6th century.

Its subject is the Return to Zion following the close of the Babylonian captivity, and it is divided into two parts, the first telling the story of the first return of exiles in the first year of Cyrus the Great ( 538 BC ) and the completion and dedication of the new Temple in Jerusalem in the sixth year of Darius ( 515 BC ), the second telling of the subsequent mission of Ezra to Jerusalem and his struggle to purify the Jews from the sin of marriage with non-Jews.

The book is made up of six court tales and four apocalyptic visions set in the time of the Babylonian captivity.

Porteous and Roche agree that the Book of Daniel is composed of folktales that were used to fortify the Jewish faith during a time of great persecution and oppression by the Hellenized Seleucids some four centuries after Babylonian captivity.

Instead, it is put in parallel with chapter 4 ( C ) where divine judgements are pronounced against the Babylonian kings.

The fragments describe a Babylonian king ( spelled N-b-n-y ) who is afflicted by God with an " evil disease " for a period of seven years ; he is cured and his sins forgiven after the intervention of a Jewish exile who is described as a " diviner "; he issues a written proclamation in praise of the Most High God, and speaks in the first person.

This text from Dr. Huxley is sometimes used by enthusiasts to indicate that they have the permission of the scientists to press the case for a wonderful unfoldment of psychic powers in human beings.

The intuition about mankind conveyed in these opening pages is of crucial importance for understanding the remainder of the text ; ;

The copy itself, including any text or illustrations, is reproduced in full color directly on a thin Mylar polyester film by a photo screen process.

We accomplish this by compiling a list of text forms as text is read by the computer.

The dictionary is a form dictionary, at least in the sense that complete forms are used as the basis for matching text occurrences with dictionary entries.

The first is compiling a list of text forms, assigning an information cell to each, and replacing text occurrences with the information cell assigned to the form of each occurrence.

When an occurrence Af is isolated during text reading, a random memory address Af, the address of a cell in the X-region, is computed from the form of Af.

the information cell Af is saved to represent the text occurrence.

Let us assume that Af is identical to the form of an occurrence Af which preceded Af in the text.

Each time a dictionary form matches a text form, the information cell of the matching text form is saved.

These two pieces of information for each dictionary form that is matched by a text form constitute the table of dictionary usage.

If each text form is marked when matched with a dictionary form, the text forms not contained in the dictionary can be identified when all dictionary forms have been read.

Each dictionary form is looked up in the text-form list by the same method used to look up a new text occurrence in the form list during text reading.

The dictionary form is compared with each of these text forms.

If cell Af is not an information cell we conclude that the i-th dictionary form is not in the text list.

The first stage of translation after glossary lookup is structural analysis of the input text.

Today, as Harrison's Principles Of Internal Medicine, a standard internist's text, puts it, `` The most common form of malnutrition is caloric excess or obesity ''.

ASCII includes definitions for 128 characters: 33 are non-printing control characters ( many now obsolete ) that affect how text and space is processed and 95 printable characters, including the space ( which is considered an invisible graphic ).