Federalist No. 10, in which Madison discusses the means of preventing rule by majority faction and advocates a large, commercial republic, is generally regarded as the most important of the 85 articles from a philosophical perspective ; it is complemented by Federalist No. 14, in which Madison takes the measure of the United States, declares it appropriate for an extended republic, and concludes with a memorable defense of the constitutional and political creativity of the Federal Convention.

Madison concludes that a small democracy cannot avoid the dangers of majority faction because small size means that undesirable passions can very easily spread to a majority of the people, which can then enact its will through the democratic government without difficulty.

Significant damage to an industrial plant with injuries, trapped people and destroyed homes were reported in Madison Parish near the Louisiana-Mississippi state line.

The cost of additional police force, the potential of damage to local businesses, and the protection of the city's reputation have prompted the concern of Madison leaders, some of whom have suggested cancelling the event altogether.

Madison first assessed that there are two ways to limit the damage caused by faction: either remove the causes of faction or control its effects.

Discussing a California provision that forbids candidates from running as independents within one year of holding a partisan affiliation, Justice Byron White made apparent the Court's belief that Madison spoke for the framers of the Constitution: " California apparently believes with the Founding Fathers that splintered parties and unrestrained factionalism may do significant damage to the fabric of government.

Total damage to University of Wisconsin – Madison property was over $ 2. 1 million as a result of the bombing.

" Chernow feels that Madison's politics remained closely aligned with Jefferson's until his experience as president with a weak national government during the War of 1812 caused Madison to appreciate the need for a strong central government to aid national defense.

Madison was severely wounded early in the fight, but caused himself to be placed in a chair on the bridge and continued to direct the fire and to maneuver the ship.

In her memoir No Hurry to Get Home, she describes how being prevented from taking a chemistry class in which she was interested caused her to switch her course of study from English to Engineering at the University of Wisconsin – Madison.

The museum moved out of the Madison Avenue space in January 2008, due to rent related issues that caused it to look for a subletter for the remainder of its lease.

The earthquake measured 7. 5 on the Richter scale ( revised by USGS to 7. 3 ) and caused an 80 million ton landslide which formed a landslide dam on the Madison River.

The state's rights position was formulated by Jefferson and Madison in the Kentucky and Virginia Resolves, but in their later careers as heads of state the two proved themselves better Hamiltonians than Jeffersonians.

For many years he was a member of Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church, pastored from 1905 to 1926 by Social Gospel exponent Henry Sloane Coffin, while his wife and daughter belonged to the Brick Presbyterian Church.

Opposition to them resulted in the highly controversial Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, authored by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson.

In 1880, a stretch of Broadway between Union Square and Madison Square was illuminated by Brush arc lamps, making it among the first electrically lighted streets in the United States.

Gone are the days when the Hoffman House flourished on Madison Square, with its famous nudes by Bouguereau ; when barrooms were palaces, on nearly every corner throughout the city ; when Steve Brodie, jumping from Brooklyn Bridge, splashed the entire country with publicity ; when Bowery concert halls dispensed schooners of beer for a nickel, with a stage show thrown in ; when Theis's Music Hall still resounded on 14th Street with its great mechanical organ, the wonder of its day, a place of beauty, with fine paintings and free company and the frankest of female life.

White's translation of a medieval bestiary in the Cambridge University library ; digitized by the University of Wisconsin – Madison libraries.

" For example, James Madison argued for a constitutional republic with protections for individual liberty over a pure democracy, reasoning that, in a pure democracy, a " common passion or interest will, in almost every case, be felt by a majority of the whole ... and there is nothing to check the inducements to sacrifice the weaker party ...."

His first career choice was agriculture, at the University of Wisconsin – Madison, followed by history and then religion.

*" Diana of the Tower " a copper statue by Augustus Saint-Gaudens was created as the weather vane for the second Madison Square Garden in 1893.

The " Coda " show was successful, and was followed by a summer 2006 Madison Square Garden concert that showcased freestyle's most successful performers.

According to legend, Dolley Madison was referred to as " First Lady " in 1849 at her funeral in a eulogy delivered by President Zachary Taylor.

Dolley Madison popularized the First Ladyship by engaging in efforts to assist orphans and women, by dressing in elegant fashions and attracting newspaper coverage, and by risking her life to save iconic treasures during the War of 1812.

Her eye-candy role, Tawny Madison, contrasts outrageously with the no-nonsense warrant officer Ellen Ripley of the Alien series, also played by Weaver.

Modern sociology largely originated from this movement and Hume's philosophical concepts that directly influenced James Madison ( and thus the U. S. Constitution ) and when popularised by Dugald Stewart, would be the basis of classical liberalism.

* 1789 – James Madison introduces twelve proposed amendments to the United States Constitution in the House of Representatives ; by 1791, ten of them are ratified by the state legislatures and become the Bill of Rights ; another is eventually ratified in 1992 to become the 27th Amendment.

Breaking with Hamilton and what became the Federalist Party in 1791, Madison and Thomas Jefferson organized what they called the Republican Party ( later called by historians the Democratic-Republican Party ) He co-authored, along with Thomas Jefferson, the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions in 1798 to protest the Alien and Sedition Acts.

Congressman Madison, age 32 by Charles Willson Peale.

Though the Virginia Plan was an outline rather than a draft of a possible constitution, and though it was extensively changed during the debate ( especially by John Rutledge and James Wilson in the Committee of Detail ), its use at the convention led many to call Madison the " Father of the Constitution ".

Although Henry was by far the more powerful and dramatic speaker, Madison successfully matched him.

Madison believed that slaves, as property, would be protected by both their masters and the government.

Madison was called the “ Father of the Constitution ” by his peers in his own lifetime.

Later as president, Madison was told by some of his former constituents that, had it not been for unusually bad weather on election day, Monroe likely would have won.

As early as May 26, 1792, Hamilton complained, " Mr. Madison cooperating with Mr. Jefferson is at the head of a faction decidedly hostile to me and my administration.

He soon joined the " Democratic-Republican " faction led by Jefferson and Madison, and by 1791 was the party leader in the Senate.

The Founding Fathers of the United States rarely praised and often criticized democracy, which in their time tended to specifically mean direct democracy ; James Madison argued, that what distinguished a democracy from a republic was that the former became weaker as it got larger and suffered more violently from the effects of faction, whereas a republic could get stronger as it got larger and combats faction by its very structure.

James Madison defined a faction as " a number of citizens, whether amounting to a minority or majority of the whole, who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest, adverse to the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community.

When Virginia Congressman John Randolph of Roanoke broke with Jefferson and James Madison in 1806, his Congressional faction was called " quids ".

By 1805 the " Old Republicans " or " Quids ", a minority faction among Southern Republicans, led by Johan Randolph, John Taylor of Caroline and Nathaniel Macon, opposed Jefferson and Madison on the grounds that they had abandoned the true republican commitment to a weak central government.

In 1896, he began a long lasting partnership with African American William Madison McDonald, a leader of the " Black and Tan " faction of the Republican Party.

The question Madison answers, then, is how to eliminate the negative effects of faction.

Madison offers two ways to check majority factions: prevent the " existence of the same passion or interest in a majority at the same time " or render a majority faction unable to act.

Madison states, " The latent causes of faction are thus sown in the nature of man ", so the cure is to control their effects.

What Madison prevents is not faction, but action.