Many computer programs contain algorithms that detail the specific instructions a computer should perform ( in a specific order ) to carry out a specified task, such as calculating employees ' paychecks or printing students ' report cards.

Many amateurs make valuable contributions in the field of computer programming through the open source movement.

Many board games are now available as video games, which can include the computer itself as one of several players, or as sole opponent.

Many board games can now be played online against a computer and / or other players.

Many computer scientists consider these series of computers to be technologically groundbreaking.

Many computer programs fail to display bi-directional text correctly.

Many printers are local peripherals connected directly to a nearby personal computer.

Many can be used on a standalone basis without a computer, using a memory card or USB connector.

Many ciphers are based on publicly known algorithms or are open source, and so it is only the difficulty of obtaining the key that determines security of the system, provided that there is no analytic attack ( i. e., a ' structural weakness ' in the algorithms or protocols used ), and assuming that the key is not otherwise available ( such as via theft, extortion, or compromise of computer systems ).

Many computer languages require garbage collection, either as part of the language specification ( e. g., Java, C #, and most scripting languages ) or effectively for practical implementation ( e. g., formal languages like lambda calculus ); these are said to be garbage collected languages.

Many ( but not all ) computer systems use extensions in file names to help identify what they contain, also known as the file type.

Many modern computer systems provide methods for protecting files against accidental and deliberate damage.

Many of the existence proofs and some of the uniqueness proofs for the sporadic groups originally used computer calculations, most of which have since been replaced by shorter hand proofs.

Many smaller computer companies had come and gone in the 1950s, wiped out when new technical developments rendered their platforms obsolete, and even large companies like RCA and General Electric were failing to make a profit in the market.

Many young computer scientists fled from the universities to startups and private research labs like Xerox PARC.

Many exploits are designed to provide superuser-level access to a computer system.

Many of his opinions on computer science and programming have become widespread.

Many computer systems require low interrupt latencies, especially embedded systems that need to control machinery in real-time.

Many areas of mathematics and computer science have been brought to bear on the problem, including elliptic curves, algebraic number theory, and quantum computing.

Many natural computer science problems are covered by the class NP.

Many other computer programs are also capable of processing or creating plain text, such as countless commands in DOS, Windows, MacOS, and Unix and its kin ; as well as web browsers ( a few browsers such as Lynx and the Line Mode Browser produce only plain text for display ).

Many shareware developers are individual computer programmers who develop their own product.

Many of the technological skills were penalized by the complexity of the robot, security system, or computer the character was attempting to manipulate ( also rated from 1 to 6 ).

Many SGI graphics engineers left to work at other computer graphics companies such as ATI and Nvidia, contributing to the PC 3D graphics revolution.

Many anagram servers ( for example, the Internet Anagram Server ) can control the search results, by excluding or including certain words, limiting the number or length of words in each anagram, or limiting the number of results.

Many modern web servers can directly execute on-line scripting languages such as ASP and PHP either by the web server itself or via extension modules ( e. g. mod_perl or mod php ) to the web server.

Many generic web servers also support server-side scripting using Active Server Pages ( ASP ), PHP, or other scripting languages.

Many sites ' servers thought the requests were from a virus or spyware trying to cause a Denial of Service attack, warning users that their queries looked like " automated requests from a computer virus or spyware application ".

Many servers do not have a graphical user interface ( GUI ) as it is unnecessary and consumes resources that could be allocated elsewhere.

Many servers take a long time for the hardware to start up and load the operating system.

Many relays were closed, or were placed on blacklists by other servers.

Many colocation facilities can provide redundant, A and B power feeds to customer equipment, and high end servers and telecommunications equipment often can have two power supplies installed.

Many electronic mailing list servers have a special email address in which subscribers ( or those that want to be subscribers ) can send commands to the server to perform such tasks as subscribing and unsubscribing, temporarily halting the sending of messages to them, or changing available preferences.

Many xSeries servers used IBM's C2T cabling scheme for Keyboard / Video / Mouse.

Many XDCC servers run on security compromised computers.

Many servers are required by their employers to wear a uniform.

Many Apple Mac OS X networking clients, such as the Safari browser and the iChat instant messaging software, use DNS-SD to locate nearby servers.

Many servers, however, implement a maximum number of simultaneous connections per client in order to mitigate this.

Many such packages are available ; for example, it is possible to install the Apache HTTP Server, mail servers such as exim, and the Windows Networking server " Samba ".

Many speculated that the project was engaging in practices such as seeding and streaming of films from ES5 servers and proxying that would not scale.

Many businesses utilize virtual servers for internal purposes, where there is a technological or administrative reason to operate several separate websites, such as a customer extranet website, employee extranet, internal intranet, and intranets for different departments.

Many localized versions of Ragnarok Online have implemented free servers during 2007-2008.

Many IRCnet servers state that IRC is a privilege, not a right.

Many FTP servers for POSIX systems use the chroot mechanism to sandbox untrusted FTP clients.

Many publicly accessible key servers, located around the world, are computers which store and provide OpenPGP keys over the Internet for users of that cryptosystem.

Many of Plan 9's applications take the form of 9P servers.

Many servers are based on the original game, but many server operators opt to spin the game play with custom content, including quests, monsters, and items, or by tweaking the mechanics with faster leveling or higher level caps.

Many other servers ( and all EverQuest live servers ) are opposed to the idea and consider it a bannable offense.