Many scholars argue that these sophisticated fortifications allowed the east to develop relatively unmolested while Ancient Rome and the west collapsed.

Many of these settlements had fortifications and planned streets.

Many were bankrupted in the process of building them ; others, such as Siena, spent so much money on fortifications that they were unable to maintain their armies properly, and so lost their wars anyway.

Many historians have proposed that these factors have encouraged the development of a centralized Chinese state to manage granaries, maintain hydraulic works, and administer fortifications against the steppe peoples.

Many of these settlements had fortifications and planned streets.

Many major ports and positions were made part of the Atlantic Wall and received heavy fortifications.

Many old fortifications ( typically Kremlins ), monasteries and churches are scattered throughout Russia, forming its unique cultural landscape both in big cities and in remote areas.

Many of these settlements had fortifications and planned streets.

Many historical fortifications were demolished during the modern age, but a considerable number survive as popular tourist destinations and prominent local landmarks today.

Many artificial islands that were built as naval fortifications in the Meiji and Taishō period.

Many defensive fortifications were destroyed, and regular training within the PLA ceased.

Many of the older residents of Oderin attest to having seen the remnants of the fortifications well into the 20th century.

Many can still be seen in Norman and medieval castles and fortifications, for example at Bürresheim Castle in Germany, where three garderobes are still visible today.

Many of the original fortifications have been left in place.

Many of the fortifications built by the Romans in England survived into the Middle Ages, including the walls surrounding their military forts and cities.

Many fortifications were built to hinder possibly invading forces.

Many smaller fortifications were placed in perimeter positions that were thick with trees or jungle vegetation.

Many fortifications are pre-built, such as the Maginot Line along the French-German border.

Many Gallo-Roman fortifications called castellionum have given rise to French places called Châtillon.

Many methods were learned from the Romans, but soon the Sassanids came to match them not only in the use of offensive siege engines such as scorpions, ballistae, battering rams, but also in the use of excellent defensive tactics for their fortifications, such as methods for using and countering catapults, for throwing stones or pouring boiling liquid on the attackers or by hurling fire brands and blazing missiles.

Many of us may even be secretly relieved at having a plausible excuse to delegate ancient civic responsibilities to a new bureaucracy of experts.

Many ancient civilizations alloyed metals for purely aesthetic purposes.

Many ancient historians accuse Agrippina of poisoning Emperor Claudius, though accounts vary.

Many ancient cultures, including the ancient Egyptians and ancient Greeks, used specially selected mold and plant materials and extracts to treat infections.

Many city-states in ancient Greece limited debt slavery to a period of five years and debt slaves had protection of life and limb, which regular slaves did not enjoy.

Many changes that were subsequent with ancient historians, despite following in his footsteps, criticised Herodotus, starting with Thucydides.

Many believe that al-kīmīā is derived from χημία, which is in turn derived from the word Chemi or Kimi, which is the ancient name of Egypt in Egyptian.

Many thinkers point to the concept of citizenship beginning in the early city-states of ancient Greece, although others see it as primarily a modern phenomenon dating back only a few hundred years.

Many of the ancient Persian columns are standing, some being more than 30 metres tall.

Many ancient cultures used adorned daggers in ritual and ceremonial purposes, a trend which continues to the present time in the form of art knives.

Many of the insect endosymbionts have been shown to have ancient associations with their hosts, involving strictly vertical inheritance.

Many heraldic shields derive from ancient house marks.

Many ancient critics also rejected Theogony ( e. g. Pausanias 9. 31. 3 ) but that seems rather perverse since Hesiod mentions himself by name in that poem ( line 22 ).

Many of the kings of ancient Greece traced their lines to one or another of these, notably the kings of Sparta and Macedon.

Many ancient civilizations were influenced by the Silk Road, which connected China, India, the Middle East and Europe.

Many other ancient societies have references to this phenomenon, but it was not until the 19th and 20th centuries before the concept developed into scientific theory.

Many ancient cultures around the world have independently discovered and formulated inks for the purposes of writing and drawing.

Many sectors were left in ruins and ancient monuments became fields of grass used as pastures for animals, thus the Roman Forum became the campo vaccinio: the field of cows.

Many of these writers used Pausanias as their guide to the geography and sights of the region, but were also concerned to correlate modern Greek place-names with ancient evidence.

Many ancient murals have survived in Egyptian tombs ( around 3150 BC ), the Minoan palaces ( Middle period III of the Neopalatial period, 1700-1600 BC ) and in Pompeii ( around 100 BC-AD 79 ).

Many Buddhist philosophical works lost in Tibet and elsewhere are preserved in older and purer form in Mongolian ancient texts ( e. g. the Mongolian Kanjur ).

Many contemporary and technologically advanced movies often rely on ancient myths to construct narratives.

Many applications, practices, and devices associated or involved in metallurgy were established in ancient China, such as the innovation of the blast furnace, cast iron, hydraulic-powered trip hammers, and double acting piston bellows.