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Martel was born in Herstal, the illegitimate son of duke Pepin II and his concubine Alpaida.
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Martel and was
Caving was pioneered by Édouard-Alfred Martel ( 1859 – 1938 ) who first achieved the descent and exploration of the Gouffre de Padirac, France as early as 1889 and the first complete descent of a 110 metre wet vertical shaft at Gaping Gill, in Yorkshire, England in 1895.
Charles Martel () ( 23 August 686 – 22 October 741 ), also known as Charles the Hammer, was a Frankish military and political leader, who served as Mayor of the Palace under the Merovingian kings and ruled de facto during an interregnum ( 737 – 43 ) at the end of his life, using the title Duke and Prince of the Franks.
According to Strauss and Gustave, Martel fought a brilliant battle, but realized he could not prevail because he was outnumbered so badly, and retreated.
" Charles Martel could have pursued the wars against the Saxons — but he was determined to prepare for what he thought was a greater danger.
The advance into Western Europe was only stopped in what is now north-central France by the West Germanic Franks under Charles Martel at the Battle of Tours in 732.
So it was that the armies of the Frankish ruler and warlord Charles Martel, which defeated the Umayyad Arab invasion at the Battle of Tours in 732, were still largely infantry armies, the elites riding to battle but dismounting to fight, providing a hard core for the levy of the infantry warbands.
His pontificate, like that of his predecessor, was disturbed by the iconoclastic controversy in the Byzantine Empire, and by the ongoing advance of the Lombards, in which he vainly invoked the intervention of Charles Martel.
Even worse news was to follow ; learning that Charles Martel was sick, Liutprand once again returned to attacking the Exarchate in 740, forcing Gregory yet again to appeal to the Franks, who again refused to become involved.
The building ’ s colorful Martel Foyer, drawn from many world cultures, was designed by the architect to symbolically express this collaborative purpose.
The initial grant for the abbey was signed by Carloman, the son of Charles Martel, and a supporter of Boniface's reform efforts in the Frankish church.
Bellême's overlord was the king of France, but Domfort was under the overlordship of Geoffrey Martel and Duke William was Alençon's overlord.
On the death of Hugh of Maine, Geoffrey Martel occupied Maine in a move contested by William and King Henry ; eventually they succeeded in driving Geoffrey from the county, and in the process, William was able to secure the Bellême family strongholds at Alençon and Domfort for himself.
It fell into the hands of the Saracens and was destroyed in 737 by the Franks under Charles Martel for having sided with the Arabs against him.
The initial grant for the abbey was signed by Carloman, the son of Charles Martel.
On the death of Geoffrey Martel ( 14 November 1060 ) there was a dispute as to the succession.
On the other hand, he was successful on the whole in pursuing the policy of Geoffrey Martel in Maine: after destroying La Flèche, by the peace of Blanchelande ( 1081 ), he received the homage of Robert Curthose (" Courteheuse "), son of William the Conqueror, for Maine.
After Charles Martel countered the Moorish invasion from Spain ( 732 — Poitiers ), the King Charlemagne ( born close to Liège in Herstal or Jupille ) brought a huge part of Europe under his rule and was crowned the " Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire " by the Pope Leo III ( 800 in Aachen ).
On 14 February 1917 Colonel Macmullen of the GHQ staff, proposed that the plateau be taken by a mass tank attack, reducing the need for artillery ; in April a reconnaissance by Captain G. le Q Martel found that the area was unsuitable for tanks.
Odo was required to pledge allegiance to the Frankish Charles Martel in exchange for help against the Muslim forces, and Vascon-Aquitanian self-rule first came to an end by 742, and definitely in 768 after the assassination of Waifer.
Modern historians, using estimates of what the land was able to support, and what Martel could have raised from his realm and supported during the campaign, believe the total Muslim force, counting the outlying raiding parties, which rejoined the main body before Tours, badly outnumbered the Franks.
Martel and born
Charles was born in Naples, southern Italy, the only son of Charles Martel, Prince of Salerno and his wife Clementia, a daughter of King Rudolph I of Germany.
Shelley Dawn Marie Martel ( born April 8, 1963 ) is a Canadian politician.
Elie Walter Martel ( born November 26, 1934 ) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada.
Martel was born in Capreol, Ontario, into a French speaking family and was educated at an English-speaking boarding school that forced him to stop speaking his family's native language.
Sherri Schrull ( born Sherri Russell, February 8, 1958 – June 15, 2007 ) was an American professional wrestler and manager, better known by her ring names, Sherri Martel and Sensational Sherri.
Arlene Martel ( born April 14, 1936, The Bronx, New York ) is an American actress and acting coach.
Richard Vigneault ( born March 18, 1956 ) is a retired Canadian professional wrestler, best known for his appearances with the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) between 1980 and 1995 under the ring name Rick Martel.
* Lucrecia Martel ( born 1966 ), Argentinian film director
Hétu was born in Trois-Rivières, Quebec ; he began his professional training at the University of Ottawa where he was a pupil of Jules Martel from 1955 to 1956.
* Priscilla Martel ( born 1956 ), American chef, food writer and consultant
Martel and Herstal
This was in part the continuation of a policy begun under his grandfather, Pippin of Herstal, and continued to under his father, Charles Martel, who erected four dioceses in Bavaria ( Salzburg, Regensburg, Freising, and Passau ) and gave them Boniface as archbishop and metropolitan over all Germany east of the Rhine, with his seat at Mainz.
Arnulf is thus the male-line grandfather of Pepin of Herstal, great-grandfather of Charles Martel and 3rd great grandfather of Charlemagne.
Martel and illegitimate
* On the death of Pepin II, his illegitimate son Charles Martel becomes mayor of the Austrasian palace and effective power behind the Frankish throne.
* Remigius of Rouen, illegitimate son of Charles Martel
* Grifo, illegitimate son of Charles Martel
* Charles Martel ( 715 – 741 ), illegitimate son of Pepin the Middle, also in Neustria ( 718 – 741 )
* Charles Martel ( 718 – 741 ), illegitimate son of Pepin the Middle, also in Austrasia ( 715 – 741 )
* Remigius of Rouen ( 755-771 ), archbishop of Rouen and illegitimate son of Charles Martel
Pepin's appointed successor, Theudoald, under his widow, Plectrude, initially opposed an attempt by the king, Dagobert III, to appoint Ragenfrid as mayor of the palace in all the realms, but soon there was a third candidate for the mayoralty of Austrasia in Pepin's illegitimate adult son, Charles Martel.
The dynasty effectively ended with the death of Pepin, who was succeeded by his illegitimate son, Charles Martel.
Martel and son
The assumption of the crown in 751 by Pepin the Short ( son of Charles Martel ) established the Carolingian dynasty as the Kings of the Franks.
After Pepin's long rule, his son Charles Martel assumed power, fighting against nobles and his own stepmother.
* October 22 – Charles Martel ( b. 688 ), major domus ( i. e., Mayor of the Palace ) of the Franks ; succeeded by his son Pepin the Short ( 714 – 768 )
A flourishing period of Monte Cassino followed its re-establishment in 718 by Abbot Petronax, when among the monks were Carloman, son of Charles Martel ; Ratchis, predecessor of the great Lombard Duke and King Aistulf ; and Paul the Deacon, the historian of the Lombards.
Finally, the victory gained by Geoffrey Martel ( 21 June 1040 – 14 November 1060 ), the son and successor of Fulk, over Theobald III, count of Blois, at Nouy ( 21 August 1044 ), assured to the Angevins the possession of the countship of Touraine.
Geoffrey Martel, having no children, had bequeathed the countship to his eldest nephew, Geoffrey III the Bearded, son of Geoffrey, count of Gâtinais and of Ermengarde, daughter of Fulk Nerra.
* September 8 – Charles Martel d ' Anjou, son of Charles II of Naples ( d. 1295 )
Though Charles Martel chose not to take the title King, as his son Pepin III the Short would, or Emperor, as his grandson Charlemagne would be titled, he was absolute ruler of virtually all of today's continental Western Europe north of the Pyrenees.
Martel was also the founder of all the feudal systems that marked the Carolingian Empire, and Europe in general during the Middle Ages, though his son and grandson would gain credit for his innovations.
Nevertheless, Mary transferred her claim to Hungary to her eldest son, Charles Martel on 6 January 1292, who was also the heir to the Kingdom of Naples, but he was never able to enforce his claim against King Andrew III and died on 19 August 1295.
Carloman ( between 706 and 716 – 17 August 754 ) was the eldest son of Charles Martel, major domo or mayor of the palace and duke of the Franks, and his wife Chrotrud.
Illegitimate son of Grimoald II, designated heir of his grandfather Pepin, opposed by the nobility, who acclaimed Charles Martel
Charles army was of an unknown number ; he divided it in half, giving command of one half to his uncle, Bernard, son of Charles Martel ; and led it through the Alpine passes, he through that of the Dora Susa near Mont Cenis and Bernard through the Great St Bernard Pass.
* Grifo ( 751-753 ), son of Charles Martel and his second wife, Swanahild
In 716, he and Ragenfrid together led an army into Austrasia, then being warred over by Plectrude, on behalf of her grandson Theudoald, and Charles Martel, the bastard son of Pepin of Heristal.
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