In section one of The Communist Manifesto Marx describes feudalism, capitalism, and the role internal social contradictions play in the historical process:

To explain the normality of exploitation, Marx describes capitalism as having an institutional framework in which a small minority ( the capitalists ) oligopolize the means of production.

His parents were both teachers and activists in a rural area of ANC strength, and Mbeki describes himself as " born into the struggle "; a portrait of Karl Marx sat on the family mantelpiece, and a portrait of Mohandas Gandhi was on the wall.

* Jim Rouse: Capitalist / Idealist by Paul Marx describes the high and low points of Rouse's life and career

In Harpo Speaks, Marx describes his relief at making it out of the Soviet Union, recalling how " I pulled up my pants, ripped off the tape, unwound the straps, handed over the dispatches from Ambassador Bullitt, and gave my leg its first scratch in ten days.

Entfremdung ( estrangement ) is Karl Marx ’ s theory of alienation, which describes the separation of things that naturally belong together ; and the placement of antagonism between things that are properly in harmony.

Theoretically, Entfremdung describes the social alienation ( estrangement ) of people from aspects of their human nature ( Gattungswesen, “ species-essence ”) as a consequence of living in a society stratified into social classes ; Marx had earlier expressed the entfremdung theory in the Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844 ( 1927 ).

He describes labour power as a commodity, and like all commodities, Marx assumes that on average it is exchanged at its value.

Socialist Appeal describes its politics as descending from Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky.

Löwith describes this relationship through famous western philosophers and historians, including Burckhardt, Marx, Hegel, Kierkegaard, Voltaire, Vico, Bossuet, Augustine and Orosius.

Next, Marx describes how he had abstracted from the differences in use-value and thus from the concrete differences amongst commodities, looking for their shared characteristics.

In his monograph entitled, " The Future of Man's World ", he describes how he developed these sciences to counteract " the economic materialism of Marx, the psychological materialism of Freud, and the technological materialism " of our modern industrial age.

In classical political economy, as Marx describes in Theories of Surplus Value, the " surplus " referred to an excess of gross income over cost, which implied that the value of goods sold was greater than the value of the costs involved in producing or supplying them.

Marx noted that this was not an intentional process ; rather, no individual or even state can go against the forces of economy.

Socialists including Karl Marx, Robert Owen, Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and John Stuart Mill advocated various forms of labour vouchers or labour-credits, which like money would be used to acquire articles of consumption, but unlike money, they are unable to become capital and would not be used to allocate resources within the production process.

Thorstein Veblen saw socialism as an immediate stage in an ongoing evolutionary process in economics that would result from the natural decay of the system of business enterprise ; in contrast to Marx, he did not believe it would be the result of political struggle or revolution by the working class as a whole and did not believe it to be the ultimate goal of humanity.

Marx ’ s Capital, states that, ' the mode of production of material life determines altogether the social, political, and intellectual life process.

Marx presents the process of commodity production as a unity of TWO distinct process -- the labour process through which labour-power produces use-values, and the valorization process through which labour-power produces additional value over and above its own value.

In Marxian economics, capital is used to buy something only in order to sell it again to realize a financial profit, and for Marx capital only exists within the process of economic exchange — it is wealth that grows out of the process of circulation itself and forms the basis of the economic system of capitalism.

Padgitt continues, " Marx argued that through a dialectic process, social evolution was directed by the result of class conflict.

On 15 April, the national police, led by Efigenio Ameijeiras, started the process of arresting thousands of suspected anti-revolutionary individuals, and detaining them in provisional locations such as the Karl Marx Theatre, the moat of Fortaleza de la Cabana and the Principe Castle all in Havana, and the baseball park in Matanzas.

Both in Das Kapital and in preparatory manuscripts such as the Grundrisse and Results of the immediate process of production, Marx shows how commerce by stages transforms a non-capitalist production process into a capitalist production process, integrating it fully into markets, so that all inputs and outputs become marketed goods or services.

Marx is concerned that throughout the process of this impending political change, the petty-bourgeoisie will

Instead, Marx aspired to give ontological priority to what he called the " real life process " of real human beings, as he and Engels said in The German Ideology ( 1846 ):

As Marxism is essentially concerned with the historical process and the possibility of a revolution, that is of superating capitalism, Marxist philosophy, from Marx and Engels to Althusser passing by Lukács, etc., has discussed at lengths the problems of possible historical progress of philosophy and what would that mean.

It was in this language that he first read the writing of Karl Marx as part of the process of his self-education.

They were much influenced by the dialectical materialism and historical materialism of Karl Marx, as well the revisitation of the dialectical idealism of Hegel, in both of which events are studied not in isolation but as part of the process of change.

In his 1844 Paris Manuscripts, Karl Marx famously defined humans as " creatures of need " or " needy creatures " who experienced suffering in the process of learning and working to meet their needs.

According to Marx, human development is characterized by the fact that in the process of meeting their needs, humans develop new needs, implying that at least to some extent they make and remake their own nature.

According to Karl Marx ( second volume of Das Kapital, end of chapter 7 ) the turnover of capital influences " the processes of production and self-expansion ", the two new forms of capital, circulating and fixed, " accrue to capital from the process of circulation and affect the form of its turnover ".

In 1844 Marx wrote The Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts, a work which covered numerous topics, and went into detail to explain Marx's concept of alienated labour.

While observing the slums of Manchester in close detail, Engels took notes of the horrors he observed, notably child labor, the despoiled environment and the overworked and impoverished laborers and sent back a series of articles to Marx, first for publication in the Rheinische Zeitung and then for publication in Deutsch – Franzosische Jahrbucher, chronicling the conditions amongst the working class in Manchester.

In his published and unpublished manuscripts, Marx went into great detail to examine many different factors which could affect the production and realisation of surplus-value.

Marx never analysed all this in detail ; but the concept of surplus value will apply mainly to taxes on gross income ( personal and business income from production ) and on the trade in products & services.

Both in published and unpublished manuscripts, Marx examines variables affecting the rate and mass of surplus-value in detail.

The detail of an Electric Marx Mobile, from 1959.

This idea is discussed in more detail by the Hungarian philosopher Ágnes Heller in A Theory of Need in Marx ( London: Allison and Busby, 1976 ).

One large historical producer in plastic was Louis Marx and Company, which produced both realistic soldiers of great detail and also historical collections of plastic men and women, including the " Presidents of the United States " collection, " Warriors of the World ", " Generals of World War II ", " Jesus and the Apostles ", and figures from the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.

Marx does not discuss gifts and grants as a source of capital accumulation, nor does he analyze taxation in detail.

We could-although Marx does not discuss this in detail ( beyond referring to international productivity differentials in the world economy )-also include a fourth case, namely superprofits arising from structural unequal exchange in the world economy.

The market appears from the early Middle Ages where the function of interest on money lending was strictly prohibited ; one of the reasons being that the church was the main institution lending money at interest on church property where rental income was charged on church property a primary source of income for the church and it would have brought down the price of the church rental income if faced with rival competitors ( Marx goes into more detail on this in Capital Vol III ).

Marx did not go into detail about how capitalist business reshapes, reorganizes and restructures the mode of consumption so that it becomes more profitable.

:* Public finance. Marx did not analyze in any detail the effect of taxation and state expenditure on the reproduction process.

Although he does refer to it, Marx did not analyze in any detail the depletion of natural resources by capitalist production, where the depletion involves non-reproducible goods, or living organisms which are wiped out.

Marx himself never discussed taxation and royalty-income in detail ; they were only a small portion of the total national income when he lived ( around 5-10 % or so ).

Of course, an additional important factor is an international difference in currency exchange rates ( Marx did not go into detail about that ).

Marx first advanced this distinction in A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy ( 1859 ) and it is discussed in more detail in chapter 1 of Capital, where Marx writes: