Measurements of these rates using time-resolved FRET revealed that DNA within the nucleosome remains fully wrapped for only 250 ms before it is unwrapped for 10-50 ms and then rapidly rewrapped.

Measurements at the Nurek Dam indicate that winter flow rates average around 150 m3 / s, whereas flow rates during the summer months can exceed 1500 m3 / s – a tenfold increase.

Measurements of polarization are presently limited by apparatus sensitivity and will remain difficult because of the low intensity of the planetary radiation at the earth.

Measurements at 3.15 cm were obtained on 11 days spread over the interval May 3 to June 19, 1956, using the 50-foot reflector at the U. S. Naval Research Laboratory in Washington.

Measurements on the photograph in this paper give Af at the maximum rate of shear of Af.

Measurements are stored at — and exchanged between — stations, for use in making decisions about link establishment.

Measurements for calculating the THD are made at the output of a device under specified conditions.

Measurements of the energy and arrival directions of the ultra-high energy primary cosmic rays by the techniques of " density sampling " and " fast timing " of extensive air showers were first carried out in 1954 by members of the Rossi Cosmic Ray Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Clark et al., Phys.

Measurements of gravitational acceleration and gravitational potential at the Earth's surface and above it can be used to look for mineral deposits ( see gravity anomaly and gravimetry ).

Measurements taken at the time showed it to have a circumference of, and its age was estimated to be 280 years.

Measurements are usually made at a peak to minimize errors produced by errors in wavelength in the instrument, that is errors due to having a different extinction coefficient than assumed.

Measurements taken at the time showed it to have a circumference of, and its age was estimated to be 280 years.

Measurements are typically taken with the sensor held at fixed locations at approximately 10 meter increments.

Measurements taken from his uniform show that at his death he had a waist size of 47 inches ( 119 cm ) and the inside brim of his hat measured 24 inches ( 61 cm ) in circumference.

Measurements of the acceleration due to gravity at the equator must also take into account the planet's rotation.

Measurements at park headquarters, above sea level, show that snow falls more often here than at any other long-term weather station in Oregon.

Measurements started 150 kilometres above Titan's surface, where Huygens was blown eastwards at more than 400 kilometres per hour, agreeing with earlier measurements of the winds at 200 kilometres altitude, made over the past few years using telescopes.

Measurements were interrupted at the end of the Second World War as a result of military bombardment, but began again in 1947.

Measurements of the total discharge of carbon dioxide gas at the Horseshoe Lake tree kill area range from per day.

This body, the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements ( ICRU ), came into being at the Second ICR in Stockholm in 1928 under the chairmanship Manne Siegbahn and at their first meeting proposed that one unit X-Ray dose should be defined as the quantity of X-rays that would produce one esu of charge in one cubic centimetre of dry air at 0 ° C and a standard atmosphere.

Measurements indicate that on a rifle a muzzle brake adds 5 to 10 dB to the normal noise level perceived by the shooter, increasing total noise levels up to 160 dB ( A ) +/- 3 dB.

Measurements of bird flocking have been made using high-speed cameras, and a computer analysis has been made to test the simple rules of flocking mentioned above.

Measurements made above and below the canopy are used to determine canopy light interception at five angles, from which LAI is computed using a model of radiative transfer in vegetative canopies.

Measurements are made by transmitting pulsed laser beams from Earth ground stations to the satellites.

Measurements taken by Cyril Hazard and John Bolton during one of the occultations using the Parkes Radio Telescope allowed Maarten Schmidt to optically identify the object and obtain an optical spectrum using the 200-inch Hale Telescope on Mount Palomar.

Measurements were to be taken before the shots to determine a baseline, as well as during and after the events.

Measurements from the Spectral Irradiance Monitor on NASA's Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment show that solar UV output is more variable over the course of the solar cycle than scientists had previously thought, resulting in, for example, colder winters in the US and southern Europe and warmer winters in Canada and northern Europe during solar minima.

Measurements taken during recent surveys in Jamaica Bay indicate average yearly ranges for temperature of, salinity of 20. 5 to 26 parts per thousand, dissolved oxygen of 3. 5 to 18. 5 milligrams / liter, and pH of 6. 8 to 9.

Measurements during the total lunar eclipse of December 2010 have confirmed thermal effects as the cause.

Measurements of carbon dioxide concentration in ancient air bubbles trapped in polar ice cores show that mean atmospheric CO < sub > 2 </ sub > concentration has historically been between 275 and 285 ppmv during the Holocene epoch ( 9, 000 BCE onwards ), but started rising sharply at the beginning of the nineteenth century.

* Eight unpublished classified technical reports at the Division of Radiophyiscs during World War II including Pawsey and Payne-Scott from 1944: Measurements of the noise level picked up by an S-band aerial.

Measurements during the Hipparcos mission give the pair an angular separation of 0. 46 arcseconds with a difference in magnitude of 2. 0.

Measurements of lung volume obtained during the controlled inflation / deflation of a normal lung show that the volumes obtained during deflation exceed those during inflation, at a given pressure.

Measurements of vector magnetic fields were initiated during the 1960s.

Measurements from pairs of transducers can be combined to yield a measurement of velocity in 1 -, 2 -, or 3-dimensional flow.

* Measurements Recast Usual View of Elusive Force from NIST

Measurements of area and volume are derived from distances.

Measurements of CO < sub > 2 </ sub > from the Mauna Loa observatory show that concentrations have increased from about 313 ppm in 1960 to about 389 ppm in 2010.

Measurements of natural neutrino emission have demonstrated that around half of the heat emanating from the Earth's core results from radioactive decay.

Measurements, vocalization analyses, and skull X-rays were used to distinguish red wolves from coyotes and red wolf-coyote hybrids.

Measurements of Mercury's exosphere, which is practically a vacuum, revealed more ions derived from water than scientists had expected .< ref > from the WayBackMachine archive of < nowiki > http :// www. planetary. org / news </ nowiki > for 13 October 2008 ; the MESSENGER selection under PLANETARY NEWS </ ref > All of these observations are consistent with water ice and / or other volatiles being available to hypothetical far future colonists of Mercury.

* Measurements: Data generated from the process that are used to evaluate its quality

Measurements from the German State of Brandenburg in 2006 show average speeds of on 4-lane sections, and on 6-lane sections, without mandatory speed limits.

Measurements of the Doppler shift of the star's spectrum demonstrated the companion's presence and allowed its mass to be estimated from the orbital parameters.

Overall length can range from Measurements are usually taken from specimens reared in captivity.

Measurements of Fomalhaut's rotation indicate that the disk is located in the star's equatorial plane, as expected from theories of star and planet formation.

Expected Cross Section from Measurements of Fission Fragment Electron Spectrum ", Los Alamos National Laboratory ( LANL ) ( through predecessor agency Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory ), United States Department of Energy ( through predecessor agency the Atomic Energy Commission ), ( June 1958 ).

His writings include a number of essays contributed to the Edinburgh Review from 1804 onwards, various papers in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society ( including his earliest publication, " On the Arithmetic of Impossible Quantities ", 1779, and an " Account of the Lithological Survey of Schehallion ", 1811 ) and in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (" On the Causes which Affect the Accuracy of Barometrical Measurements " and others ), the articles " Aepinus " and " Physical Astronomy ", and a " Dissertation on the Progress of Mathematical and Physical Science since the Revival of Learning in Europe " in the Encyclopædia Britannica ( Supplement to fourth, fifth and sixth editions ).

* Measurements and Decoherence from arXiv

Measurements in the late 1960s showed that the orbital velocity of stars in spiral galaxies with respect to their distance from the galactic center is indeed higher than expected from Newtonian dynamics but still cannot explain the stability of the spiral structure.

* Global Land Ice Measurements from Space, USGS