To Philip Melanchthon in 1524 he wrote:

On the other hand, Luther wrote of Melanchthon, in the preface to Melanchthon's Commentary on the Galatians ( 1529 ), " I had to fight with rabble and devils, for which reason my books are very warlike.

Luther returned Eck's assaults with more than equal vehemence and about this time Philipp Melanchthon wrote Œcolampadius that at Leipzig he had first become distinctly aware of the difference between what he considered to be true Christian theology and the scholasticism of the Aristotelian doctors.

Lutheran Christians consider it a principal feast of Christ, and the Lutheran Confessor, Philip Melanchthon, wrote a hymn for the day that is still sung in Lutheran Churches: " Lord God to Thee We Give.

Melanchthon wrote of him with venom as a renegade ( aluimus in sinu serpentem, " we have nourished a snake in our bosom ").

According to Philipp Melanchthon, writing in 1546, Luther " wrote theses on indulgences and posted them on the church of All Saints on 31 October 1517 ", an event now seen as sparking the Protestant Reformation.

He was a close friend of fellow poet Georg Sabinus and wrote epithalamies on the marriage of the latter with the daughter of Philipp Melanchthon.

In 1549 Melanchthon, Luther's principal lieutenant, wrote against Copernicus, pointing to the theory's apparent conflict with Scripture and advocating that " severe measures " be taken to restrain the impiety of Copernicans.

Many prominent Protestant leaders of the day approved of the execution, and Melanchthon wrote to Calvin: " To you also the Church owes gratitude at the present moment, and will owe it to the latest posterity .... I affirm also that your magistrates did right in punishing, after a regular trial, this blasphemous man.

Notably, Dürer had contacts with various reformers, such as Zwingli, Andreas Karlstadt, Melanchthon, Erasmus and Cornelius Grapheus from whom Dürer received Luther's ' Babylonian Captivity ' in 1520.

On 10 December 1520, sixty days after Luther had received a copy of this bull, he and Melanchthon invited the local university faculty and students to assemble that morning at the Elster Gate in Wittenberg.

Through his correspondence with Philip Melanchthon and his brother Thomas Blarer, a student in Wittenberg between 1520 and 1523, Ambrosius Blarer was well informed about Luther's teachings and began spreading them himself among his brothers.

The distinction between Luther and Melanchthon is well brought out in Luther's letters to the latter ( June, 1530 ): " To your great anxiety by which you are made weak, I am a cordial foe ; for the cause is not ours.

Indeed, some would criticize Melanchthon's conduct at the Diet as unbecoming of the principle he promoted, implying that faith in the truth of his cause would logically have inspired Melanchthon to a more firm and dignified posture.

Melanchthon discussed Bucer's views with the most prominent adherents of Luther ; but Luther himself would not agree to a mere veiling of the dispute.

Melanchthon was impelled by Luther to work for the Reformation ; his own inclinations would have kept him a student.

Without Luther's influence Melanchthon would have been " a second Erasmus ," although his heart was filled with a deep religious interest in the Reformation.

But for the King's death, Melanchthon would have come to England — his high travel costs had already been granted by Edward's government.

They were influenced not to adopt the Smalcald Articles by Philipp Melanchthon, who was concerned that Luther's writing would be regarded as divisive by some.

Melanchthon viewed any veneration of saints rather critically but developed positive commentaries about Mary.

Melanchthon was not said to lack personal courage, but rather he was said to be less of an aggressive than of a passive nature.

As a theologian, Melanchthon did not show so much creative ability, but rather a genius for collecting and systematizing the ideas of others, especially of Luther, for the purpose of instruction.

The Protestant theologian Philipp Melanchthon is one of the few contemporary writers to refer to Grünewald, who is rather puzzlingly described as " moderate " in style, when compared with Dürer and Cranach ; what paintings this judgement is based on is uncertain.

In his Unterricht der Visitatorn an die Pfarherrn im Kurfürstentum zu Sachssen ( 1528 ) Melanchthon presented the evangelical doctrine of salvation as well as regulations for churches and schools.

Brenz offered a confession and Melanchthon, who got no farther than Nuremberg, took with him the Confessio Saxonica.

Melanchthon himself perceived his faults in the course of time and repented of them, perhaps having to suffer more than was just in the displeasure of his friends and the hatred of his enemies.

Leonard Cox's The Art or Crafte of Rhetoryke ( c. 1524-1530 ; second edition published in 1532 ) is considered to be the earliest text on rhetorics in English ; it was, for the most part, a translation of the work of Philipp Melanchthon.

It is true, Melanchthon rejected the Augsburg Interim, which the emperor tried to force upon the defeated Protestants ; but in the negotiations concerning the so-called Leipzig Interim he made concessions which many feel can in no way be justified, even if one considers his difficult position, opposed as he was to the elector and the emperor.

In agreeing to various Roman usages, Melanchthon started from the opinion that they are adiaphora if nothing is changed in the pure doctrine and the sacraments which Jesus instituted, but he disregarded the position that concessions made under such circumstances have to be regarded as a denial of Evangelical convictions.

As the statement " good works are necessary for salvation " appeared in the Leipzig Interim, its Lutheran opponents attacked in 1551 Georg Major, the friend and disciple of Melanchthon, so Melanchthon dropped the formula altogether, seeing how easily it could be misunderstood.

" However, it can not be denied that Luther was the more magnanimous, for however much he was at times dissatisfied with Melanchthon's actions, he never uttered a word against his private character ; but Melanchthon, on the other hand, sometimes evinced a lack of confidence in Luther.

As a reformer, Melanchthon was characterized by moderation, conscientiousness, caution, and love of peace ; but these qualities were sometimes said to only be lack of decision, consistence, and courage.

Oecolampadius was considered to be a brilliant Protestant theologian, who conversed with Johannes Eck, Philipp Melanchthon and was Professor of theology at the University of Basel.

Shortly after Melanchthon drew up the 1527 Articles of Visitation in June, Agricola began to be aggressive toward him, but Martin Luther succeeded in smoothing out the difficulty at Torgau in December 1527.

A great deal of time was spent in wrangling over points of order ; finally it was decided that Eck should be spokesman for the Catholics and Melanchthon for the Protestants.

* The term can also be used to refer to theology which self-avowedly seeks to perpetuate the classical traditions of thematic exploration of theology described above-often by means of commentary upon the classics of those tradition: the Damascene, Aquinas, John Calvin, Melanchthon and others.

Osiander's divergence from Luther's doctrine of justification by faith involved him in a violent quarrel with Philip Melanchthon, who had adherents in Königsberg, and these theological disputes soon created an uproar in the town.

In the dedicatory letter, Calvin praised the work of his predecessors Philipp Melanchthon, Heinrich Bullinger, and Martin Bucer, but he also took care to distinguish his own work from theirs and to criticise some of their shortcomings.

Throughout the rest of his life in Geneva, he maintained several friendships from his early years including Montmor, Cordier, Cop, Farel, Melanchthon and Bullinger.

" A " Mixt " took elements from both Aristotle and Ramus ; Philippo-Ramists, who blended Melanchthon with Ramus, were a type of " Mixt "; " Systematics " were " Mixts " who followed Keckermann in a belief in system, as Alsted did.

He urged the separation of the High Lutheran party from Melanchthon ( 1557 ), got the Saxon dukes to oppose the Frankfurt Recess ( 1558 ) and continued to fight for the purity of Lutheran doctrine.

It was Reuchlin who suggested the change from Schwartzerdt ( literally black earth ), into the Greek equivalent Melanchthon ( Μελάγχθων ).

He repulsed the attack of Cordatus in a letter to Luther and his other colleagues by stating that he had never departed from their common teachings on this subject, and in the Antinomian Controversy of 1537 Melanchthon was in harmony with Luther.

At the Colloquy of Worms in 1557 which he attended only reluctantly, the adherents of Flacius and the Saxon theologians tried to avenge themselves by thoroughly humiliating Melanchthon, in agreement with the malicious desire of the Roman Catholics to condemn all heretics, especially those who had departed from the Augsburg Confession, before the beginning of the conference.

Melanchthon differed from Calvin also in emphasizing the relation of the Lord's Supper to justification.

The bitter feelings against him as the friend of Melanchthon and a Calvinist caused him to ask for dismissal from the court.

In 1502, the University of Wittenberg was founded and gave a home to many important thinkers, among them Martin Luther ( Professor of Theology from 1508 ) and Philipp Melanchthon ( Professor of Greek from 1518 ).

Philipp Melanchthon, the main delegate from Wittenberg, quickly prepared the draft that eventually became the Augsburg Confession.

In discussions from 2 to 7 January 1539, Bucer and Witzel agreed to defer controversial points of doctrine, but Melanchthon withdrew, feeling that doctrinal unity was a prerequisite of a reform plan.

No " Buceran " denomination, however, emerged from his ministry, probably because he never developed a systematic theology as Melanchthon had for the Lutheran church and Calvin for the Reformed churches.

Proposed calculations of the date of creation using the Masoretic from the 10th century to the 18th century include: Marianus Scotus ( 4192 BC ), Maimonides ( 4058 BC ), Henri Spondanus ( 4051 BC ), Benedict Pereira ( 4021 BC ), Louis Cappel ( 4005 BC ), James Ussher ( 4004 BC ), Augustin Calmet ( 4002 BC ), Isaac Newton ( 4000 BC ), Johannes Kepler ( April 27, 3977 BC ) on his book Mysterium, Petavius ( 3984 BC ), Theodore Bibliander ( 3980 BC ), Christen Sørensen Longomontanus ( 3966 BC ), Melanchthon ( 3964 BC ), Martin Luther ( 3961 BC ), John Lightfoot ( 3960 BC ), Cornelius Cornelii a Lapide ( 3951 BC ) Joseph Justus Scaliger ( 3949 BC ), Christoph Helvig ( 3947 BC ), Gerardus Mercator ( 3928 BC ), Matthieu Brouard ( 3927 BC ), Benito Arias Montano ( 3849 BC ), Andreas Helwig ( 3836 BC ), David Gans ( 3761 BC ), Gershom ben Judah ( 3754 BC )

The subject of his disputation for the degree was a refutation of the new ideas of the Reformation emerging from the Continent, in particular the doctrines of Philipp Melanchthon.

Thus the " secret advice of a confessor " was won from Luther and Melanchthon ( on 10 December 1539 ), neither of them knowing that the bigamous wife had already been chosen.

The Augsburg Confession as the basis of the conference ; the Augsburg Confession of 1540 was a different document from the Confession of 1530, having been changed by Melanchthon to suit his sacramentarian view of the Eucharist.

Towards Reformed doctrine of eucharist this had become evident already in 1540, when Melanchthon had published another version of the Augsburg Confession (" Variata "), in which the article on the Real Presence differed essentially from what had been expressed in 1530.

The Lutheran scholar Philip Melanchthon produced his Apologia Confessionis Augustanae ( 1530 ) detailing the rites derived from pagan practices.

* Primary theological development from Martin Luther, Philipp Melanchthon, and the Lutheran Book of Concord of the 16th century.