Primarily known for her work in Egyptology, which was " the core of her academic career ," she is also known for her propagation of the Witch-cult hypothesis, the theory that the witch trials in the Early Modern period of Christianized Europe and North America were an attempt to extinguish a surviving pre-Christian, pagan religion devoted to a Horned God.

Organised by the Department of Religious Studies at the University of Lancaster, North-West England, it was entitled " Nature Religion Today: Western Paganism, Shamanism and Esotericism in the 1990s ", and led to the publication of an academic anthology, entitled Nature Religion Today: Paganism in the Modern World.

Rand is not found in the comprehensive academic reference texts The Oxford Companion to Philosophy or The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, but is the subject of entries in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, The Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers, the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, and The Routledge Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Political Thinkers.

Modern academic sociology began with the analysis of religion in Émile Durkheim's 1897 study of suicide rates among Catholic and Protestant populations, a foundational work of social research which served to distinguish sociology from other disciplines, such as psychology.

In 1980, Brandeis University established the Maurice and Marilyn Cohen Center for Modern Jewish Studies, the first academic center devoted to the study of Jewish life in the United States.

Among the issues have been the extent to which Modern Orthodoxy should cooperate with the more liberal denominations, support secular academic pursuits combined with religious learning, and embrace efforts to give women a larger role in Jewish learning and worship ; This view is largely anecdotal, and is based on individual behaviour, as opposed to any formal, institutional position ; see above:

* For an academic article relating to the Tibet Mission read: Carrington, Michael: " Officers Gentlemen and Thieves: The Looting of Monasteries during the 1903 / 4 Younghusband Mission to Tibet ", Modern Asian Studies 37, 1 ( 2003 ), PP 81 – 109.

In academic literature, the phenomenon of regulatory competition reducing standards overall was argued for by AA Berle and GC Means in The Modern Corporation and Private Property ( 1932 ) while the concept received formal recognition by the US Supreme Court in a decision of Justice Louis Brandeis in the 1933 case Ligget Co. v. Lee ( 288 U. S. 517, 558 – 559 ).

In 1697, William Wotton, about to bring out a second edition of his Ancient and Modern Learning, asked Bentley to write out a paper exposing the spuriousness of the Epistles of Phalaris, long a subject of academic controversy.

Modern academic view is that in the Vedic period that preceded this, worship was primarily centred around the open-air fire altar ( yajna-kunda ) and no physical representations of the divine were used.

* MLN: Modern Language Notes, an academic journal founded with the intention of introducing European literary criticism into American scholarship, is founded at the Johns Hopkins University.

Modern computers have been used to search for similar patterns and more complex variants, and published in a peer-reviewed academic journal in 1994.

According to its profile featured by the American Council of Learned Societies ( ACLS ), " The Modern Language Association is formed for educational, scientific, literary, and social objects and purposes, and more specifically for the promotion of the academic and scientific study of English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, and other so-called modern languages and literatures.

The MLA publishes several academic journals, including Publications of the Modern Language Association of America ( abbreviated as PMLA ), one of the most prestigious journals in literary studies, and Profession, which discusses the professional issues faced by teachers of language and literature.

A majority of Niagara's academic departments and faculty are housed within Arts and Sciences, including: Biochemistry / Chemistry, Biology / Life Sciences, Communications, Computer Science, Criminal Justice, English, History, International Studies, Liberal Arts, Mathematics, Modern Languages, Nursing, Political Science, Philosophy, Psychology, Religious Studies, Sociology, Social Sciences, Social Work, and Theater Studies.

While espousing his beliefs and ideas on Modern Art, Edades sparked a debate between modern and academic ( classical ) art.

Modern Art is the interpretation of the Classical concept conditioned by the artist ’ s new experience with the aid of improved means of aesthetic expression .” Not conforming to the academic perception of art, he made art available to the common man.

" These ideas were echoed in 1999, when the historian Ronald Hutton, in his The Triumph of the Moon: A History of Modern Pagan Witchcraft, remarked that the study of the cunning folk and European folk magic was " notoriously, an area that has been comparatively neglected by academic scholars.

* Faculty of Humanities ( Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra ) offers all levels of academic degrees in Cinema, Music, Theatre, Classical Languages, Literature and Portuguese, Modern Languages and Literature, History, History of Art, Archaeology, Geography, Philosophy and Journalism.

Modern Age is an American conservative academic quarterly journal, founded in 1957 by Russell Kirk in close collaboration with Henry Regnery.

Paul Gottfried, a professor at Elizabethtown College in Pennsylvania, has said that " Modern Age represents humanistic learning, reverence for the eternal, and the sense of human finiteness, values that ( alas ) have less and less to do with the academic presentation of the liberal arts.

A 1996 academic partnership with the Modern Academy In Maadi, in Maadi, a southern suburb of Cairo, Egypt, encourages the material, physical, and intellectual growth of students, faculty, and staff of both institutions through Cairo-based UDC Bachelor degrees, Computer Science and Business Administration management programs.

That notwithstanding, she proved to be an effective, dedicated and demanding teacher and he was able to go on, first to Jesuit academic high school in Liverpool and then, via that route, to Oxford, where he graduated in 1953 with First Class Honours in the Honours School of Modern History.

Tuma is an American academic, and author of the somewhat despairing Fishing by Obstinate Isles: Modern and Postmodern British Poetry and American Readers ( 1998 ), on the topic of the perceived gap between ' mainstream ' British poetry and the possible American reception ( particularly in academia ).

" Nonetheless, he noted that Where Witchcraft Lives was also historically inaccurate, because " she diffidently interpreted the facts that she was revealing within the framework supplied by the foremost contemporary academic expert in the early modern trials, Margaret Murray ", whose theories that Early Modern witchcraft was a surviving pre-Christian religion, have subsequently been disproved and dismissed by historians.

Modern critical theory arose from the anti-positivist sociology of Max Weber and Georg Simmel, the Marxist theories of György Lukács and of Antonio Gramsci, towards that of the Institute for Social Research in Frankfurt.

Modern historical analysis usually draws upon other social sciences, including economics, sociology, politics, psychology, anthropology, philosophy and linguistics.

Modern sociology largely originated from this movement and Hume's philosophical concepts that directly influenced James Madison ( and thus the U. S. Constitution ) and when popularised by Dugald Stewart, would be the basis of classical liberalism.

Modern sociology has, since Max Weber, often been preoccupied with the problem of authority in secularized societies and with secularization as a sociological or historical process.

Modern scientific psychiatry, psychopharmacology, psychiatric genetics, environmental physics, and modern sociology were introduced as scientific disciplines by Heidelberg faculty.

He separated empiricism and sociology from the " Modern Mythology of Nazi Occultism " books which " have represented the Nazi phenomenon as the product of arcane and demonic influence ".

The Making of the Modern World is a cross-cultural, cross-disciplinary series in world civilizations, organized chronologically, that seeks to combine various disciplines including history, religious studies, philosophy, sociology, and visual arts into course that offers a survey of the sum total of world history, not just from a eurocentric perspective, but from a more international view, including developments in China, India, Africa, and the Americas.

Modern sociology evolved in part as a reaction to the problems associated with modernity, such as industrialization and the process of ' rationalization '.

Some scholars distinguish Classical Indology from Modern Indology, the former more focussed on Sanskrit and other ancient language sources, the latter on contemporary India, its politics and sociology.

Modern understanding of internal communications is a field of its own and draws on the theory and practice of related professions, not least journalism, knowledge management, public relations, media relations, marketing and human resources, as well as wider organizational studies, communication theory, social psychology, sociology and political science.

Members of the Department specialize in various stages of the development of philosophy ( Ancient philosophy, the Middle Ages, the Modern era, contemporary and postmodern philosophy ), also carrying out research in various philosophical disciplines ( metaphysics, logic, aesthetics, sociology, political science, religious studies, philosophy of nature, philosophy of history ) and investigating various aspects and problems of philosophy ( ethics of medicine, feminism, applied ethics, interpretation of art, Bible studies, philosophy of language ).

Possible directions include ( eventually combinations of ): ancient Greek and Latin, Modern Languages ( stressing French and Dutch, English and a choice between Spanish or German ), Sciences ( chemistry, physics, biology and geography ), Mathematics, Economy, and Human Sciences ( psychology, sociology, media ).

Historian Geoffrey Hosking in his 2005 Modern Scholar lecture course suggested that citizenship in ancient Greece arose from an appreciation for the importance of freedom.

According to Partridge ( 1972: 12 ), it dates from around 1840 and arose in the East End of London, however John Camden Hotten in his 1859 Dictionary of Modern Slang, Cant and Vulgar Words states that ( English ) rhyming slang originated " about twelve or fifteen years ago " ( i. e. in the 1840s ) with ' chaunters ' and ' patterers ' in the Seven Dials area of London.

Some scholars believe that Modern Orthodoxy arose from the religious and social realities of Western European Jewry.

Modern theosophy arose in Germany in the 1600s.

Modern zoology first arose in German and British universities.

Modern American creationism arose out of the theological split over modernist higher criticism and its rejection by the Fundamentalist Christian movement which promoted Biblical literalism and, post 1920, took up the anti-evolution cause led by William Jennings Bryan.

Modern schools that claim to train ninjutsu arose from the 1970s, among others those of Masaaki Hatsumi ( Bujinkan ) and Stephen K. Hayes ( To-Shin Do ).

Also prevalent in Modern English are terms relating to the chivalric cultures which arose in the 12th century, an era of feudalism and crusading.

Modern enka, however, is a relatively recent musical form which arose in the context of such postwar expressions of modern Japanese nonmaterial nationalism as nihonjinron, while adopting a more traditional musical style in its vocalism than ryūkōka music, popular during the prewar years.

Modern industry in China first arose in Tangshan.

Modern research into in vitro meat arose out of experiments conducted by NASA, attempting to find improved forms of long-term food for astronauts in space.

He gained a scholarship to St John's College, Cambridge and was awarded a first class degree in Modern and Mediaeval Languages in 1967, but soon abandoned his post-graduate studies in German literature when the opportunity arose to tour with the Cambridge Footlights revue.

Modern reconstructions of some of these arts arose from the 1970s and have been practiced systematically since the 1990s.

The book arose out of an extramural class that Ian Stewart taught at the University of Warwick about " New math " ( called " Modern mathematics " in the UK ).

Modern Native American pow-wows arose around the turn of the 20th century.

The style and content of modern pantomime also has very clear and strong links with the continental Commedia dell ' arte, a form of popular theatre that arose in Italy in the Early Modern Period, and reached England by the 16th century.

Modern investigations have suggested that the name pomegranate arose in the 16th century, possibly because of the replacement of a less substantial appliance, built with cotton, paper, and fabrics, with the current more compact and sturdy appliance.