Averroes ( Ibn Rushd ) introduced teleological arguments into his interpretations of Aristotle from an Islamic perspective in Moorish Spain in the latter half of the 12th Century.

Abd ar-Rahman IV Mortada ( عبدالرحمن ) was the Caliph of Cordoba in the Umayyad dynasty of the Al-Andalus ( Moorish Iberia ), succeeding Suleiman II, in 1018.

In the agony of the Umayyad dynasty in the Al-Andalus ( Moorish Iberia ), two princes of the house were proclaimed Caliph of Cordoba for a very short time, Abd-ar-Rahman IV Mortada ( 1017 ), and Abd-ar-Rahman V Mostadir ( 1023 – 1024 ).

Othello is an adaptation of the Italian writer Cinthio's tale " Un Capitano Moro " (" A Moorish Captain ") from his Gli Hecatommithi ( 1565 ), a collection of one hundred tales in the style of Boccaccio's Decameron.

* Timothy Drew ( Noble Drew Ali, Sharif Abdul Ali ), prophet and founder of the Moorish Science Temple of America, founder of the Moorish Divine and National Movement, May 1, 1916, Newark N. J.

Both noble and common knights wore leather armour and carried javelins, spears and round-tasselled shields ( influenced by Moorish shields ), as well as a sword.

Another related term is moresque, meaning " Moorish "; Randle Cotgrave's A Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues of 1611 defines this as: " a rude or anticke painting, or carving, wherin the feet and tayles of beasts, & c, are intermingled with, or made to resemble, a kind of wild leaves, & c ." and " arabesque ", in its earliest use cited in the OED ( but as a French word ), as " Rebeske work ; a small and curious flourishing ".

As used in Moorish and Arabic decorative art ( from which, almost exclusively, it was known in the Middle Ages ), representations of living creatures were excluded ; but in the arabesques of Raphael, founded on the ancient Græco-Roman work of this kind, and in those of Renaissance decoration, human and animal figures, both natural and grotesque, as well as vases, armour, and objects of art, are freely introduced ; to this the term is now usually applied, the other being distinguished as Moorish Arabesque, or Moresque.

Albayzín ( also written as Albaicín ), located on a hill on the right bank of the river Darro, is the ancient Moorish quarter of the city and transports the visitor to a unique world: the site of the ancient city of Elvira, so-called before the Zirid Moors renamed it Granada.

After Charles Martel countered the Moorish invasion from Spain ( 732 — Poitiers ), the King Charlemagne ( born close to Liège in Herstal or Jupille ) brought a huge part of Europe under his rule and was crowned the " Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire " by the Pope Leo III ( 800 in Aachen ).

** The Almohad dynasty of caliphs ( not universally accepted ), that once ruled most of North Africa and Al-Andalus ( Moorish Spain ), is extinguished when Idris II is murdered in the dynasty's last remaining possession, Marrakesh.

During the Moorish occupation and settlement, the name was extended and referred to as Uádi Ana ( uadi being the Arab term for river ), later passed on to Portuguese and Spanish settlers as the Ouadiana, and later just Odiana.

Given the title of Al Sidi ( El Cid, The Master ), he served as a leading figure in a Moorish force consisting of Muladis, Berbers, Arabs and Malians.

The equivalent in Italy is sindaco ( historical titles include podestà ), in Greece δήμαρχος ' demarkhos ' ( the " archon of the deme "), in France maire, in Argentina intendente, in Bohemia starosta, in Brazil prefeito ' prefect ', in Romania primar and in Spain alcalde, a term derived from a Moorish post's Arabic name.

During the Moorish period, the town was called Sherish ( a transliteration of the Arabic شريش ), from which both Sherry and Jerez are derived.

Moriscos (,, ), meaning " Moorish ") were Muslims who decided to convert to Christianity rather than leave Spain and Portugal.

852 – 866 ), fourth Caliph of Cordoba, of the Umayyad dynasty in the Al-Andalus ( Moorish Iberia )

Hisham III () was the last Umayyad ruler in the Al-Andalus ( Moorish Iberia ) ( 1026 – 1031 ), and the last person to hold the title Caliph of Cordoba.

* Histoire des Mussulmans d ' Espagne, jusqu ' à la conquête de l ' Andalousie par les Almoravides, 711-1110 ( 1861 ; 2nd ed., 1881 ), a graphically written account of Moorish dominion in Spain, which shed new light on many obscure points.

His name first appears in the writings of Abu Muhammad bin Hazm ( 993 – 1064 ), who listed him among the greatest physicians of Moorish Spain.

; ; ; ; ), also known as the Moorish Iberia, was a medieval Muslim state in parts of what are today Spain, Portugal, Gibraltar, and France.

Les abencérages ( 1813 ), an heroic drama set in Spain during the last days of the Moorish kingdom of Granada, was Cherubini's attempt to compete with Spontini's La Vestale ; it garnered critical praise but few performances.

In the grand court of the Palace, notable for its tiers of Moorish galleries that looked down on the maelstrom of vehicles below, Vernon's station was at the entrance.

Exiled from the court of the Spanish Emperor Alfonso VI of León and Castile, El Cid went on to command a Moorish force consisting of Muladis, Berbers, Arabs and Malians, under Yusuf al-Mu ' taman ibn Hud, Moorish king of the northeast Al-Andalus city of Zaragoza, and his successor, Al-Mustein II.

In 1081, El Cid, went on to offer his services to the Moorish king of the northeast Al-Andalus city of Zaragoza, Yusuf al-Mu ' taman ibn Hud, and served both him and his successor, Al-Mustain II.

This occurred in Moorish Spain from the 8th century, when the famous musician Ziryab introduced sophisticated clothing-styles based on seasonal and daily timings from his native Baghdad and his own inspiration to Córdoba in Al-Andalus.

Henry IV restored the charter granted to Gibraltar in 1310 and took two additional measures: the lands previously belonging to Algeciras ( destroyed in 1369 ) were granted to Gibraltar ; and the status of collegiate church was solicited from the pope Pius II and granted to the parish church of Saint Mary the Crowned (), now the Cathedral of St. Mary the Crowned, on the site of the old main Moorish Mosque.

The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written in approximately 1603, and based on the Italian short story Un Capitano Moro (" A Moorish Captain ") by Cinthio, a disciple of Boccaccio, first published in 1565.

After the Islamic Moorish conquest of nearly all of the Iberian Peninsula in 711-718 and the establishment of the emirate of Al-Andalus, an Umayyad were expedition suffered a major defeat at the Battle of Toulouse and were halted for a while on their way north.

Bruce's lieutenant and friend Sir James Douglas agreed to take the late King's embalmed heart on crusade to the Holy Land, but he only reached Moorish Granada.

The Almohad influence on architecture is preserved in the area of the city called the Albaicín with its fine examples of Moorish and Morisco construction.

By contrast, the Dominican order, a teaching order founded by St Dominic in 1215, to propagate and defend Christian doctrine, placed more emphasis on the use of reason and made extensive use of the new Aristotelian sources derived from the East, and Moorish Spain.

In the next few days, he helps his friend and neighbour, Raymond Sintès, take revenge on a Moorish girlfriend suspected of infidelity.

Two species of Gecko can be found on Minorca, the Moorish ( Tarentola mauritanica ) and the Turkish ( Hemidactylus turcicus ) also called the Mediterranean House Gecko.

David H. Zysman Hall, a Moorish Revival building on Yeshiva University's Wilf Campus, is home to the former main beit midrash ( Torah study hall )

Hugh's own claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated two kings should he die while on expedition.

Hugh's claimed reason was that he was planning an expedition against the Moorish armies harassing Borrel II of Barcelona, an invasion which never occurred, and that the stability of the country necessitated a co-king, should he die while on expedition.

Because of its position on the front line against Moorish aggression, Manresa was given the right to build towers of defence known as manresanas or manresanes.

In 1431 John placed Yusuf IV on the throne of the Moorish kingdom of Granada, in exchange for tribute and vassal status to Castile.

An 11th century Moorish poem describes Jews as " a criminal people " and alleges that " society is nearing collapse on account of Jewish wealth and domination, their exploitation and betrayal of Muslims ; that Jews worship the devil, physicians poison their patients, and Jews poison food and water as required by Judaism, and so on.

With the Moorish conquest of Spain, were introduced the mills from which the town takes its name ( meaning " Tower of the Mills ").

Moroccan style is a new trend in decoration which takes its roots from Moorish architecture, it has been made popular by the vogue of Riads renovation in Marrakech.

* 791-Alfonso II becomes King of Asturias in Oviedo and takes a number of Moorish strongholds and settles the lands south of the Douro River.