Moral equivalence is a term used in political debate, usually to criticize any denial that a moral hierarchy can be assessed of two sides in a conflict, or in the actions or tactics of two sides.

* Moral equivalence

** Moral equivalence

Moral dualism began as a theological belief.

Moral psychology is a field of study that began, like most things, as an issue in philosophy and that is now properly considered part of the discipline of psychology.

In 1809 Gall began writing his greatest work " The Anatomy and Physiology of the Nervous System in General, and of the Brain in Particular, with Observations upon the possibility of ascertaining the several Intellectual and Moral Dispositions of Man and Animal, by the configuration of their Heads.

Beginning with Grant's American Christian Cause in 1974, Christian Voice throughout the 1970s and Falwell's Moral Majority in the 1980s, the Christian Right began to have a major impact on American politics.

In 1826 he wrote a preface to a translation of Stewart's Moral Philosophy, demonstrating the possibility of a scientific statement of the laws of consciousness ; in 1828 he began a translation of the works of Reid, and in his preface estimated the influence of Scottish criticism upon philosophy, giving a biographical account of the movement from Francis Hutcheson onwards.

After a childhood spent in an austerity which stigmatized as unholy even the novels of Sir Walter Scott, he began his college career at the age of fourteen at a time when Christopher North and Dr Ritchie were lecturing on Moral Philosophy and Logic.

He began a life of teaching ( mainly philosophical ) in the university — first as college tutor, afterwards, from 1878 until his death, as Whyte's Professor of Moral Philosophy.

Rose soon began to give lectures on the subjects that most interested her, joining the " Society for Moral Philanthropists " and traveling to different states to espouse her causes of the abolition of slavery, religious tolerance, public education and equality for women.

Moral Psychology began with early philosophers such as Aristotle, Plato, and Socrates.

Rohmer's career began to gain momentum with his cycle of films Six Moral Tales.

Groups with a " Gay Lib " approach began to spring up around the world, such as Campaign Against Moral Persecution ( CAMP, Inc .) in Australia and the British Gay Liberation Front.

Hank González's political career began when he moved from Atlacomulco to Toluca to take charge of the State of Mexico's Departmento de Escuelas Secundarias y Profesionales ( Department of Professional and Secondary Schools ) as well as the Oficina de Juntas de Mejoramiento Moral, Cívico y Material ( Office of Committees for Moral, Civic and Material Improvement ) between 1952 and 1953.

`` The Moral Creed '' and `` The Will To Risk '' live happily together, if we do not examine where the line is to be drawn.

Sessions devoted to `` Ethics and Foreign Policy Trends '', `` Moral Principle and Political Judgment '', `` Christian Ethics in the Cold War '' and related subjects proved to be much livelier under this procedure than if Catholics were merely talking to themselves.

Moral intuition is supposed to be a mental process different from other, more familiar faculties like sense-perception, and that moral judgments are its outputs.

Moral nihilism must be distinguished from moral relativism, which does allow for moral statements to be true or false in a non-universal sense, but does not assign any static truth-values to moral statements.

Many objections to non-cognitivism based on the linguistic characteristics of what purport to be moral judgments were originally raised by Peter Glassen in " The Cognitivity of Moral Judgments ", published in Mind in January 1959, and in Glassen's follow-up article in the January 1963 issue of the same journal.

It has been claimed that Paley was not a very original thinker and that the philosophical part of his treatise on ethics is “ an assemblage of ideas developed by others and is presented to be learned by students rather than debated by colleagues .” Nevertheless, his book The Principles of Moral and Political Philosophy ( 1785 ) was a required text at Cambridge and Smith says that Paley ’ s writings were “ once as well known in American colleges as were the readers and spellers of William McGuffey and Noah Webster in the elementary schools .” Although now largely missing from the philosophical canon, Schneewind writes that " utilitarianism first became widely known in England through the work of William Paley.

* James Hamilton contended that the gold standard may be susceptible to speculative attacks when a government's financial position appears weak, although others contend that this very threat discourages governments ' engaging in risky policy ( see Moral Hazard ).

The University of Glasgow, where Smith was Professor of Logic and Moral Philosophy, changed the name of its Department of Political Economy to the Department of Economics ( ostensibly to avoid confusing prospective undergraduates ) in academic year 1997 – 98, making the class of 1998 the last to be graduated with a Scottish Master of Arts degree in Political Economy.

Moral relativism may be any of several philosophical positions concerned with the differences in moral judgments across different people and cultures.

In 1731, Pope published his " Epistle to Burlington ", on the subject of architecture, the first of four poems which would later be grouped under the title Moral Essays ( 1731 – 35 ).

Moral absolutism may be understood in a strictly secular context, as in many forms of deontological moral rationalism.

Moral bravery involves acting in a way that enhances what one believes to be good in spite of social disapproval and possible backlash.

The only major work that Richardson would write would be A Collection of the Moral and Instruction Sentiments, Maxims, Cautions, and Reflexions, contained in the Histories of Pamela, Clarissa, and Sir Charles Grandison.

In the second episode of the Adult Swim series Moral Orel, the book is one of many to be burned by the censorious town librarian, who uses a copy of Last Temptation as a makeshift torch.

Moral constructivists like John Rawls and Christine Korsgaard may also be realists in this minimalist sense ; the latter describes her own position as procedural realism.

Moral truths cannot be observed in the same way as material facts ( which are objective ), so it seems odd to count them in the same category.

Moral: don ’ t listen to evil silver-tongued counselors ; don ’ t marry a man for his rank, or a woman for her money ; don ’ t frequent foolish auctions and masquerade balls unknown to your husband ; don ’ t have wicked companions abroad and neglect your wife, otherwise you will be run through the body, and ruin will ensue, and disgrace, and Tyburn.

The origins of the Moral Majority can be traced to 1976, when Jerry Falwell embarked on a series of “ I Love America ” rallies across the country to raise awareness of social issues important to Falwell.

Nationally, the Moral Majority encouraged electoral participation among its members and used registration drives to register church-goers to vote, with the logic that Moral Majority members would be likely to vote for Moral Majority-endorsed candidates, thus strengthening the organization ’ s electoral efficacy and strengthening its endorsements.

Despite commonality in religious identification, however, evangelical Christians in general and eventually the newly-formed Moral Majority in particular would come to be disappointed with Carter ’ s policies.

Their definition of sympathy follows that used by Adam Smith, the title of his first chapter in the " Theory of Moral Sentiments.

In response, Arnauld wrote Théologie morale des Jésuites ( Moral Theology of the Jesuits ), which was the basis of most of the arguments later used by Pascal in his Provincial Letters denouncing the " relaxed morality " of Jesuitism.

Lakoff wrote Moral Politics soon after the Republican Party's " Contract With America " takeover of Congress under the Clinton presidency, and his usage of the terms " liberal " and " conservative " is strongly resembles how those labels might have been used in the 1994 elections, the former having much to do with the Democratic party and the latter with the Republican party ; indeed, chapter 9, " Moral Categories in Politics ", presents Hillary Clinton as a prototypical " liberal " and Newt Gingrich as a prototypical " conservative ".

* Moral Majority Legal Defense Fund – the organization ’ s legal instrument, used primarily to challenge the American Civil Liberties Union and secular humanist issues in court.

Adam Smith first used the metaphor of an " invisible hand " in his book The Theory of Moral Sentiments to describe the unintentional effects of economic self-organization from economic self-interest.

" Hutcheson's Short Introduction to Moral Philosophy was used as a textbook at the College of Philadelphia in the 1760s.

Furthermore, in the frame of the controversy around Jansenius ' Augustinus, during which the Jesuits attacked the Jansenists claiming they were heretics similar to Calvinists, Arnauld wrote in defense the Théologie morale des Jésuites ( Moral Theology of Jesuits ), which would put the base of most of the arguments later used by Pascal in his Provincial Letters denouncing the " relaxed moral " of Jesuit casuistry.

# Justification: Moral excuse used to explain … " I must have it!

The political scientist James C. Scott, for example, showed how this ideology could be used as a method of resisting authority in " The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Subsistence and Rebellion in Southeast Asia " ( 1976 ).

Popularized by William J. Bennett's Why We Fight: Moral Clarity and the War on Terrorism, the phrase was first used in its current context during the 1980s, in reference to the politics of Ronald Reagan.

In The Theory of Moral Sentiments Smith uses the concept to sustain a " trickling down " theory, a concept also used in neoclassical development theory: The gluttony of the rich serves to feed the poor.

Moral rights allows the author of the work to determine how the work is being used and what the work is being associated to.

The Alberta Temperance and Moral Reform League, founded in 1907, was based in Methodist and other Protestant churches and used anti-German themes to pass legislation putting prohibition into effect in July 1916.

It is used to denote a completed action in the past before another action ( Pred nekaj leti so bile vode poplavile vsa nabrežja Savinje, ' A few years ago, all the banks of Savinja River had been flooded ) or, with a modal verb, a past event that should have happened ( Moral bi ti bil povedati, ' I should have told you ').

Moral economy is a phrase used in a number of contexts to describe the interplay between moral or cultural beliefs and economic activities.

The political scientist James C. Scott, for example, showed how this ideology could be used as a method of resisting authority in The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Subsistence and Rebellion in Southeast Asia ( 1976 ).

* Moral character, a term used in many educational systems to indicate a strategy for the maturation of individual students.