Their letters suggest that both Mozart and his father, being Austrians who resented the special place that Italian composers had in the courts of the Austrian princes, blamed the Italians in general and Salieri in particular for all of Mozart's difficulties in establishing himself in Vienna.

Salieri is characterized as both in awe of and insanely jealous of Mozart, going so far as to renounce God for blessing his adversary ; " Amadeus " means love of God, or God's love, and the play can be said to be about God-given talent, or the lack thereof: Salieri is hospitalized in a mental institution, where he announces himself as " the Patron Saint of mediocrity ".

Mozart himself directed the first two performances, conducting seated at the keyboard, the custom of the day.

" Local music lovers paid for Mozart to visit Prague and hear the production ; he listened on 17 January 1787, and conducted it himself on the 22nd.

Progressively, and in large part at the hands of Mozart himself, the contrapuntal complexities of the late Baroque emerged once more, moderated and disciplined by new forms, and adapted to a new aesthetic and social milieu.

Mozart conducted the orchestra, Schikaneder himself played Papageno, while the role of the Queen of the Night was sung by Mozart's sister-in-law Josepha Hofer.

When the 25-year-old Mozart arrived in Vienna in 1781, seeking professional opportunity, one of the first tasks to which he addressed himself was to become acquainted with Stephanie and lobby him for an opera commission.

On more than one occasion it is only the direct intervention of the Emperor himself that allows Mozart to continue ( interventions which Salieri opposes, and then is all too happy to take credit for when Mozart assumes it was he who intervened ).

He was also invited to conduct the Hammersmith Socialist Choir, teaching them Madrigals by Thomas Morley, choruses by Purcell, extracts from Wagner as well as works by Mozart and himself.

) In the realm of song, Claude Debussy set both Verlaine's " Pantomime " and Banville's " Pierrot " ( 1842 ) to music in 1881 ( not published until 1926 )— the only precedents among works by major composers being the " Pierrot " section of Telemann's Burlesque Overture ( 1717 – 22 ), Mozart's 1783 " Masquerade " ( in which Mozart himself took the role of Harlequin and his brother-in-law, Joseph Lange, that of Pierrot ), and the " Pierrot " section of Robert Schumann's Carnival ( 1835 ).

Mozart advertised for subscribers in January 1783: " These three concertos, which can be performed with full orchestra including wind instruments, or only a quattro, that is with 2 violins, 1 viola and violoncello, will be available at the beginning of April to those who have subscribed for them ( beautifully copied, and supervised by the composer himself ).

The Piano Sonata No. 16 in C major, K. 545, by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was described by Mozart himself in his own thematic catalogue as " for beginners ," and it is sometimes known by the nickname Sonata facile or Sonata semplice.

Mozart wrote many of his piano concertos for himself to perform ( his 27 piano concertos also include concerti for two and three pianos ).

In an article about the Jupiter Symphony, Sir George Grove wrote that " it is for the finale that Mozart has reserved all the resources of his science, and all the power, which no one seems to have possessed to the same degree with himself, of concealing that science, and making it the vehicle for music as pleasing as it is learned.

Leopold appears to have helped in this manner when Wolfgang was young, but as an adult Mozart handled it all by himself.

Briefly summarizing the facts, the publisher Simrock published in 1814 a complete edition of Die Zauberflöte, claiming it came from an original manuscript score in possession of the Elector of Cologne, obtained from Mozart himself.

Count Franz von Walsegg ( January 17, 1763 – November 11, 1827 ) was an aristocrat, living in Stuppach Castle near Gloggnitz, who is best remembered for having commissioned a requiem mass from Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1791 following the death of his twenty-year old wife Anna ( the grieving count, only 28 himself at the time, would never remarry ).

He disguises himself in a mask and costume similar to one he saw Leopold wear at a party, and commissions Mozart to write a requiem mass, giving him a down payment and the promise of an enormous sum upon completion.

Austrian musicologist Otto Erich Deutsch, who studied all available letters and documents about the composer, arrived at the following conclusion about what the composer called himself: " In Italy, from 1770, Mozart called himself ' Wolfgango Amadeo ', and from about 1777, ' Wolfgang Amadè '.

" Amadeus " may have originated as a facetious name ; Mozart never used the name except in jest, when he signed himself in mock Latin in three letters as " Wolfgangus Amadeus Mozartus "; this was certainly no accident as in one letter he did the same to the date of the letter as well: adding "- us " to the end of each word.

Commentators have opined that the piece's purpose is satirical — that " harmonic and rhythmic gaffes serve to parody the work of incompetent composers " -- though Mozart himself is not known to have revealed his actual intentions.

By 1749 he held the posts of Hof-und Domkapellmeister ( Court and Cathedral chapel master ) simultaneously, an achievement which his successors Michael Haydn, Leopold Mozart, and Mozart himself were not to match.

In Mozart, Haydn found a greater range of instrumentation, dramatic effect and melodic resource ; the learning relationship moved in two directions.

After his grandmother ’ s death, Glinka was moved to his maternal uncle ’ s estate some 10 km away, and was able to hear his uncle ’ s orchestra, whose repertoire included pieces by Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven.

Figures as late as Mozart and Beethoven also participated in the system to some degree ; it was only with the rise of bourgeois and capitalist social forms in the 19th century that European culture moved away from its patronage system to the more publicly-supported system of museums, theaters, mass audiences and mass consumption that is familiar in the contemporary world.

The family soon moved to Vienna where the widow of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart became godmother at his christening.

In 1781, shortly after Mozart had moved to Vienna, van Swieten met him again: at the salon of Countess Thun, Mozart played extracts from his recent opera Idomeneo, with van Swieten and other important officials in the audience ; this event helped instigate Mozart's commission for the opera The Abduction from the Seraglio, his first great success as a composer.

He also continued another trend — towards larger orchestras — that went on until the first decade of the 20th century, and moved the center of the sound downwards in the orchestra, to the violas and the lower register of the violins and cellos, giving his music a heavier and darker feel than Haydn or Mozart.

Although Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart never visited St. Gilgen ( as he had intended to ), his grandfather worked in the town, his mother was born in St. Gilgen, and his sister Nannerl moved there after her marriage.

He moved to Amsterdam in 1791 where he played flute in two orchestras and was soloist in Mozart and Beethoven piano concertos, giving them their Dutch premieres.

De Pinto moved to another fine mansion in The Hague ; he and his family were invited to the palace when Mozart and his sister played.

Upon returning to Vienna following his success in Paris, Salieri met and befriended Lorenzo Da Ponte and had his first professional encounters with Mozart.

In the 1780s while Mozart lived and worked in Vienna, he and his father Leopold wrote in their letters that several " cabals " of Italians led by Salieri were actively putting roadblocks in the way of Mozart's obtaining certain posts or staging his operas.

However, even with Mozart and Salieri being rivals for certain jobs, there is very little evidence that the relationship between the two composers was at all acrimonious beyond this, especially after 1785 or so when Mozart had become established in Vienna.

The period is sometimes referred to as the era of Viennese Classic or Classicism (), since Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn, Antonio Salieri, and Ludwig van Beethoven all worked at some time in Vienna, and Franz Schubert was born there.

By the time Mozart arrived at age 25, in 1781, the dominant styles of Vienna were recognizably connected to the emergence in the 1750s of the early Classical style.

After his early piano lessons with Otto Cossel, Brahms studied piano with Eduard Marxsen, who had studied in Vienna with Ignaz von Seyfried ( a pupil of Mozart ) and Carl Maria von Bocklet ( a close friend of Schubert ).

it was commissioned as part of the Vienna New Crowned Hope Festival to celebrate the 250th anniversary of Mozart ’ s birth.

Italian libretti remained dominant in the classical period as well, for example in the operas of Mozart, who wrote in Vienna near the century's close.

* 1791 – The first performance of The Magic Flute, the last opera by Mozart to make its debut, took place at Freihaus-Theater auf der Wieden in Vienna, Austria.

* June 26 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, in Vienna, completes his antepenultimate symphony, now called the Symphony No. 39 in E-flat.

* July 28 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, in Vienna, completes his penultimate symphony, now called the Symphony No. 40 in G Minor.

* August 10 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, in Vienna, completes his final symphony, now called the Symphony No. 41 in C Major, and nicknamed ( after his death ) The Jupiter.

" Provincialnachrichten of Vienna reported, " Herr Mozart conducted in person and welcomed joyously and jubilantly by the numerous gathering.

Mozart also supervised the Vienna premiere of the work, which took place on May 7, 1788.

In Vienna, he agreed to enter a musical contest with Mozart for the entertainment of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II and his guests on 24 December 1781, at the Viennese court.

Widespread admiration of Auferstehung led to three 1788 performances in Vienna sponsored by the Baron Gottfried van Swieten and conducted by Mozart.

This tour included Munich, Vienna, Presburg, Paris and the Hague together with a lengthy stay in London ; see Mozart family Grand Tour.

* Braunbehrens, Volkmar ( 1990 ) Mozart in Vienna.

Contemporary Augustinian musical foundations include the famous Augustinerkirche in Vienna where Orchestral Masses by Mozart and Schubert are performed every week, as well as the boys ' choir at Sankt Florian in Austria, a school conducted by Augustinian canons, a choir now over 1, 000 years old.

Mozart organized public subscription performances of his music in Vienna in the 1780s and 1790s, he called the concerts " academies.

* 1991: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: Symphony No. 36, Johannes Brahms: Symphony No. 2, Vienna Philharmonic, Philips.

The music always includes pieces from the Strauss family — Johann Strauss I, Johann Strauss II, Josef Strauss and Eduard Strauss — with occasional additional music from other mainly Austrian composers, including Joseph Hellmesberger, Jr., Joseph Lanner, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Otto Nicolai ( the Vienna Philharmonic's founder ), Emil von Reznicek, Franz Schubert, Franz von Suppé, and Karl Michael Ziehrer.