During the January Uprising in 1863, heavy fighting occurred within the city, but was brutally pacified by Mikhail Muravyov, nicknamed The Hangman by the population because of the number of executions he organized.

Muravyov was a liberal and Bakunin, as his relative, became a particular favourite.

In addition to the thousands who fell in battle, 128 men were hanged personally by Mikhail Muravyov (' Muravyov the Hangman '), and 9, 423 men and women were exiled to Siberia ( 2, 500 men according to very lowered Russian data, Norman Davies gives the number of 80, 000 noting it was the single largest deportation in Russian history ).

Such was the brutality of the Russian troops that their actions were condemned throughout Europe, and even in Russia itself Muravyov became ostracized.

It was at Aigun that Nikolay Muravyov concluded, in May 1858, the Aigun Treaty, according to which the left bank of the Amur River was conceded to Russia.

From 1899 to 1918 the town was called Muravyov.

Count Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov or Muraviev () ( – ) was a Russian statesman who advocated transferring the attention of Russian foreign policy from Europe to the Far East.

Mikhail Muravyov was the son of General Count Nicholas Muravyov ( governor of Grodno ), and grandson of Count Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov-Vilensky, who became notorious for his drastic measures in stamping out the Polish insurrection of 1863 in the Lithuanian provinces.

Muravyov died suddenly on June 21, 1900, after a stormy interview with Sergei Witte and Aleksey Kuropatkin in which Witte laid considerable blame on Muravyov for the crisis in China ( Muravyov had insisted on taking Port Arthur against Witte's advice ); because there was a wound on his left temple when he died, there was a rumor that he had committed suicide, but " the official government announcement asserted that, after rising late, he had merely slipped in his study and grazed his temple on the sharp side of a bureau.

The country was squeezed between the abandoned German-Russian front-lines to its western border and the advancing Bolshevik forces of Muravyov along the eastern border.

Within days, Mikhail Muravyov manage to invade Kiev forcing the government to evacuate to Zhytomyr whose retreat was secured by the great efforts of the Sich Riflemen.

Nikolay Muravyov was born in St. Petersburg.

During one of the campaigns against the mountain people Muravyov was wounded.

In 1840, Muravyov was assigned to command one of the sections of the Black Sea coast defense lines, during which time he participated in the suppression of the Ubykh people.

Muravyov was promoted in rank to major-general in 1841, but had to permanently retire from the military due to illness.

Muravyov was the first governor to propose Tsar Nicholas I to abolish serfdom ; a motion signed by nine local land-owners.

On September 5, 1847, Muravyov was appointed the Governor General of Irkutsk and Yeniseysk ( Eastern Siberia ).

On, tsar Nicholas I authorized Muravyov to carry the negotiations with the Chinese regarding establishing a border along the Amur River, and to transport troops to the Amur's estuary.

Muravyov started negotiations with the Chinese about that time.

Later in 1852, a Russian military expedition under Muravyov explored the Amur, and by 1857 a chain of Russian Cossacks and peasants were settled along the whole course of the river.

Nicholas and Count Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov, his foreign minister, were instrumental in initiating the conference.

Furthermore, similar titles were awarded for comparable non-military services to the empire, e. g. in 1858 — Amursky for another Nicholas Muravyov, who had negotiated a new border between Russian and China along the Amur River under the Treaty of Aigun.

Its Governor General, Mikhail Muravyov, prohibited the public use of spoken Lithuanian and closed Lithuanian and Polish schools ; teachers from other parts of Russia who did not speak these languages were moved in to teach pupils.

In 1864 the Governor General of Vilna Governorate, Mikhail Muravyov, ordered that Lithuanian language primers were to be printed only in the Cyrillic alphabet.

In the spring of 1859 Muravyov helped Bakunin with a job for Amur Development Agency which enabled him to move with his wife to Irkutsk, the capital of Eastern Siberia.

In 1864, following the January Uprising, Mikhail Muravyov, the Russian Governor General of Lithuania, banned the language in education and publishing, and barred use of the Latin alphabet altogether, although books printed in Lithuanian continued to be printed across the border in East Prussia and in the United States.

Z. Muravyov, P. A. Mukhanov, A. P. Yushnevsky, V. A. Bechasnov, the wife of Trubetskoy and their children stayed in Irkutsk land forever.

Nikolay Muravyov insisted on conducting an aggressive policy with China by claiming that the lower reaches of the Amur River belong to Russians.

Muravyov also banned the use of Latin and Gothic scripts in publishing.

The Russian representative Nikolay Muravyov and the Qing representative Yishan, both military governors of the area signed the treaty on May 28, 1858, in the town of Aigun.

Over and above that, however, was his growing suspicion of Chuck Stober's part in recent events.

Thus, to cite but one example, the Pax Britannica of the nineteenth century, whether with the British navy ruling the seas or with the City of London ruling world finance, was strictly national in motivation, however much other nations ( e.g., the United States ) may have incidentally benefited.

His purpose, however, was not to establish an empire, but to assert the principle of divine justice.

Henrietta, however, was at that time engaged in a lengthy correspondence with Joe's older and more serious brother, Morris, who was just about her own age and whom she had got to know well during trips to Philadelphia with Papa, when he substituted for Rabbi Jastrow at Rodeph Shalom Temple there during its Rabbi's absence in Europe.

I fled, however, not from what might have been the natural fear of being unable to disguise from you that the things about my bridegroom -- in the sense you meant the word `` things '' -- which you had been galvanizing yourself to tell me as a painful part of your maternal duty were things which I had already insisted upon finding out for myself ( despite, I may now say, the unspeakable awkwardness of making the discovery on principle, yes, on principle, and in cold blood ) because I was resolved, as a modern woman, not to be a mollycoddle waiting for Life but to seize Life by the throat.

There was one time, however, when his face clouded and he suddenly blurted, `` Why did my brother commit suicide ''??

The special guard, however, was still posted on Kehl bridge.

One of Sherman's most serious shortcomings, however, was his mistrust of his cavalry.

Gorton appeared for her, however, and what he told the magistrates must have been plenty, for he was charged with deluding the court, fined, and told to leave the colony within fourteen days.

What is not so well known, however, and what is quite important for understanding the issues of this early quarrel, is the kind of attack on literature that Sidney was answering.

In his dealings with offenders, however, Morgan was typically firm but just.

Without a precise knowledge of Germanic philology, however, it is debatable whether their use was not more often a source of confusion and error than anything else.

They, however much they were in disagreement with the late Victorians over the method by which Britain was Germanized, agreed with them that the end result was the complete extinction of the previous Celtic population and civilization.

It would, however, reach the proctors and other officers in charge of the public-school performances of the incepting bachelors, and the place that any individual obtained in the lists depended greatly on how he comported himself in the public schools during his acts therein as he was incepting.

According to one report, however, Mr. Hammarskjold was considered `` too controversial '' a figure to warrant bestowal of the coveted honor last spring.

Joel knew what he was about, however.

He would have to work without questioning the motives which made him work and content himself with the thought that the eventual victory, however it was brought about, would be sweet indeed.

Now, under the impact of his wife's disclosures, he was brought suddenly to the realization that there was a limit to tolerance, however brilliant, however far-famed the offender might be.

There was little enough time to contemplate them, however ; ;

In such a case, however, we would encourage the recipient country to get on with its programing task, supply it with substantial technical assistance in performing that task, and make it plain that an expansion or even a continuation of our assistance to the country's development was conditional upon programing progress being made.