Tabari, the most famous Muslim historian, in his Ta ' rikh quotes from Muhammad Bin Sa ' ad Bin Abi Waqqas, who said: " I asked my father whether Abu Bakr was the first of the Muslims.

Munro-Hay cites the Muslim historian Abu Ja ' far al-Khwarazmi / Kharazmi ( who wrote before 833 ) as stating that the capital of " the kingdom of Habash " was Jarma.

" Ibn Khaldun ( 1332-1406 ) was a famous Arab Muslim historian who engaged in historiography philosophy of history.

The Arab Muslim historian Musa b. ' Uqba ( d. 758 ) recorded that caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab exiled the Jews and Christians of Khaybar to Jericho ( and Tayma ).

Also academics note that since much of what is known about Manichaeism comes from later 10th and 11th Century CE Islamic historians like Al-Biruni and especially the Shia Muslim Persian historian Ibn al-Nadim ( and his work Fihrist ); " Islamic authors ascribed to Mani the claim to be the Seal of the Prophets " This topic is discussed by an Israeli academic Guy G. Stroumsa

The medieval historian Ibn Athir relates a passage from another commander: "... both you and Saladin are Kurds and you will not let power pass into the hands of the Turks ": Minorsky ( 1953 ), p. 138 .</ ref > He led Muslim opposition to the Franks and other European Crusaders in the Levant.

* Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, Sunni Muslim scholar and historian ( d. 1071 )

" The Damascene nobleman and historian Ibn al-Qalanisi in his chronicle also alludes at this time to the discovery of relics purported to be those of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, a discovery which excited eager curiosity among all three communities in the southern Levant, Muslim, Jewish, and Christian.

** Ahmet Semseddin ibn-I-Kemal ( Kemalpasazede ), historian, Muslim judge and administrator

According to the historian Muslim Ibn al-Athir, Imperial casualties numbered around 4, 000.

Specifically, it was developed by the Muslim jurist and historian Al-Maqrizi ( 1364 – 1442 ) who wrote about a particular period in the Mamluk dynasty when the rulers were simultaneously increasing the supply of a lower valued ( copper ) currency and hoarding the more valued ( gold and silver ) currencies.

Later Christian chroniclers and pre-20th century historians praised Charles Martel as the champion of Christianity, characterizing the battle as the decisive turning point in the struggle against Islam, a struggle which preserved Christianity as the religion of Europe ; according to modern military historian Victor Davis Hanson, " most of the 18th and 19th century historians, like Gibbon, saw Poitiers ( Tours ), as a landmark battle that marked the high tide of the Muslim advance into Europe.

" Additionally, historian Hugh Kennedy says " it was clearly significant in establishing the power of Charles Martel and the Carolingians in France, but it also had profound consequences in Muslim Spain.

But, as is told in the Rotensian Chronicle ( chronicle of Alfonso III of Asturias in which Pelayo is considered the successor of the kings of Toledo, with clear goals of political legitimacy ) as well as in that of Al-Maqqari ( a Moroccan historian of the 16th century who died in Cairo, Egypt, and who could have used the Rotensian Chronicle and rewrite it eight centuries later, making it useless as a historical document ), Pelayo escaped from that city during the governorship of Al Hurr ( 717-718 ) and his return to Asturias triggered a revolt against the Muslim authorities of Gijon.

The Muslim historian Rashid al-Din ( 1247 ?– 1318 ) refers in his universal history to the Mongol trebuchets used at the Song cities as " Frankish " or " European trebuchets " (" manjaniq ifranji " or " manjaniq firanji "):

Muslim historian Ya ' qubi attributed the recovery of the Torah and the Books of the Prophets to him instead of Ezra.

14th century Muslim historian Ibn Khaldun states: "` Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan is one of the greatest Arab and Muslim Caliphs.

According to the Codes of Bishopy of Philippoupolis and the Czech historian and slavist Konstantin Josef Jireček in the middle of 17th century, the Pomak provosts agreed to become Muslim en masse.

The French Orientalist Évariste Lévi-Provençal on the other hand advocated Ibn Hayyān as the supreme Muslim historian of the era ( and the battle ).

He is not mentioned in any Jewish source, and apart from the Andalusian heresiographer and polemicist Ibn Ḥazm, who mentions him as a Jewish mutakallim ( rational theologian ), our main source of information is Kitāb al-Tanbīh by the Muslim historian al-Masʿūdī ( d. 956 ).

* Ibn Khaldun ( d. 1406 ) was a North African Arab Muslim polymath, historian, pedagogue and philosopher who was the pioneer of demography, cultural history, historiography, the philosophy of history, sociology, and the social sciences in general.

As a historian his works included Origins Of the Ottoman Empire, The Seljuks of Anatolia: Their History and Culture According to Local Muslim Sources and Islam in Anatolia After the Turkish Invasion: Prolegomena.

Narseh joined Babak's rebellion in southern Kurdistan, but Abbasid armies defeated his forces in 833 and according to the Muslim historian Tabari around 60, 000 of his followers were killed.

In the History of the Prophets and Kings by the 9th century Muslim historian al-Tabari, Nimrod has the tower built in Babil, Allah destroys it, and the language of mankind, formerly Syriac, is then confused into 72 languages.

Abū Hamīd bin Abū Bakr Ibrāhīm ( 1145-1146-c. 1221 ; ), better known by his pen-names Farīd ud-Dīn ( فریدالدین ) and ‘ Attār ( عطار-" the perfumer "), was a Persian Muslim poet, theoretician of Sufism, and hagiographer from Nīshāpūr who had an abiding influence on Persian poetry and Sufism.

Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq ibn Yasār ibn Khiyār ( according to some sources, ibn Khabbār, or Kūmān, or Kūtān,, or simply ibn Isḥaq ابن إسحاق, meaning " the son of Isaac ") ( died 767, or 761 ) was an Arab Muslim historian and hagiographer.

The earliest written identification between Alexander and Dhul-Qarnayn is made by the Muslim hagiographer Ibn Hisham (?- 833 AD ) in the Sira literature.

The earliest mention of Dhul-Qarnayn outside the Qur ' an is found in the works of the earliest Muslim historian and hagiographer, Ibn Ishaq (?- 761 AD ), which form the main corpus of the Sira ( religious biography ) literature.

Not long after, Abu Bakr accepted Islam and was the first person outside the family of Muhammad to openly become a Muslim.

Following Muhammad's death in 632, the early leaders of the Muslim nation were called Khalifat Rasul Allah, the political successors to the messenger of God ( referring to Muhammad ).

Muslim s traditionally break their fasts in the month of Ramadan with Date palm # Fruit | dates ( like those offered by this date seller in Kuwait City ), as was the recorded practice ( Sunnah ) of Muhammad.

Progress in theory and methodology happened with the coming of the early Muslim jurist Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi ` i ( 767 – 820 ), who codified the basic principles of Islamic jurisprudence in his book ar-Risālah.

Thus, the Sheikh of al-Azhar in Cairo, Muhammad Sayid Tantawy, who is the leading religious authority in the Sunni Muslim establishment in Egypt, alongside the Grand Mufti of Egypt, said the following about fatwās issued by himself or the entire Dar al-Ifta:

It generally resonates better with existing Muslim views than with Christianity: it foretells the coming of Muhammad by name ; rather than describing the crucifixion of Jesus, it describes him being raised up into heaven, similar to the description of Elijah in 2 Kings, Chapter 2 ; and it calls Jesus a " prophet " whose mission was restricted to the " house of Israel ".

The Danish publication of cartoons portraying prophet Muhammad further damaged relations with Europe's Muslim population, and the Islamic world at-large.

The word sunnah ( custom ) is also used in reference to a normative custom of Muhammad or the early Muslim community.

Muslim historians say that Caliph Uthman ibn Affan ( the third khalifa ( caliph ) of the Rashidun Empire, or third successor of Muhammad, who had formerly been Muhammad's secretary ), is generally believed to urge Muslims to record the hadith just as Muhammad suggested to some of his followers to write down his words and actions.

Hadith studies are a number of methods of evaluation developed by early Muslim scholars in determining the veracity of reports attributed to Muhammad.

Muslim rule in the subcontinent began in 8th century CE when the Arab general Muhammad bin Qasim conquered Sindh and Multan in southern Punjab in modern day Pakistan, setting the stage for several successive invasions from Central Asia between the 10th and 15th centuries CE, leading to the formation of Muslim empires in the Indian subcontinent such as the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire.

In 712 CE an Arab Muslim general called Muhammad bin Qasim conquered most of the Indus region in modern day Pakistan, for the Umayyad empire, to be made the " As-Sindh " province with its capital at Al-Mansurah, north of modern Hyderabad in Sindh, Pakistan.

Translated excerpts from Hezbollah's original 1985 manifesto read :< div > We are the sons of the umma ( Muslim community ) ...... We are an ummah linked to the Muslims of the whole world by the solid doctrinal and religious connection of Islam, whose message God wanted to be fulfilled by the Seal of the Prophets, i. e., Prophet Muhammad.

After his death in 1492, his heirs were deposed by General Muhammad Ture, a Muslim of Soninke origins.

Shah Waliullah was a forerunner of reformists like Muhammad Abduh in his belief that there was " a constant need for new ijtihad as the Muslim community progressed and expanded and new generations had to cope with new problems " and in his interest in the social and economic problems of the poor.

In its focus on the Caliphate, HT takes a different view of Muslim history than some other Islamists such as Muhammad Qutb.

Isaiah is well known in Muslim exegesis and literature, notably for his predictions of the coming of Jesus and Muhammad.

After spending the Muslim month of Ramadan in Damascus, he joined a caravan travelling the south to Medina, tomb of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

After spending another year in Mecca, Ibn Battuta decided to seek employment with the Muslim Sultan of Delhi, Muhammad bin Tughluq.

Muhammad bin Tughluq was renowned as the wealthiest man in the Muslim World at that time.

LGBT topics and Islam are influenced by both the cultural-legal history of the nations with a large Muslim population, along with how specific passages in the Qur ' an and statements attributed to the prophet Muhammad are interpreted.

Muslim scholars have also linked both prophets through the fact that both prophets made at least one important journey in their lives ; just as Jacob migrated from Canaan to Egypt, Muhammad migrated from Mecca to Medina.