Another interactive proof system characterizing NEXPTIME is a certain class of probabilistically checkable proofs.

The fact that MIP proof systems can solve every problem in NEXPTIME is quite impressive when we consider that when only one prover is present, we can only recognize all of PSPACE ; the verifier's ability to " cross-examine " the two provers gives it great power.

These two extensions together greatly extend the proof system's power, enabling it to recognize all languages in NEXPTIME.

More precisely, EXPTIME ≠ NEXPTIME if and only if there exist sparse languages in NP that are not in P.

If P = NP, then NEXPTIME = EXPTIME ( padding argument ); more precisely, E ≠ NE if and only if there exist sparse languages in NP that are not in P.

The time hierarchy theorems guarantee that the deterministic and non-deterministic versions of the exponential hierarchy are genuine hierarchies: in other words P ⊂ EXPTIME ⊂ 2-EXP ⊂ ... and NP ⊂ NEXPTIME ⊂ 2-NEXP ⊂ ....

However, the time hierarchy theorems provide no means to relate deterministic and non-deterministic complexity, or time and space complexity, so they cast no light on the great unsolved questions of computational complexity theory: whether P and NP, NP and PSPACE, PSPACE and EXPTIME, or EXPTIME and NEXPTIME are equal or not.

In computational complexity theory, the complexity class NEXPTIME ( sometimes called NEXP ) is the set of decision problems that can be solved by a non-deterministic Turing machine using time O ( 2 < sup > p ( n )</ sup >) for some polynomial p ( n ), and unlimited space.

What more, in this characterization the verifier may be limited to read only a constant number of bits, i. e. NEXPTIME = PCP ( poly, 1 ).

NE, unlike the similar class NEXPTIME, is not closed under polynomial-time many-one reductions.

Moreover, these combination analgesics can often result in significant adverse events, including accidental overdoses, most often due to confusion which arises from the multiple ( and often non-acting ) components of these combinations.

*: This number arises so often in numerical linear algebra that it is given a name, the condition number of a matrix.

The ring aRa is often referred to as a corner ring of R. The corner ring arises naturally since the ring of endomorphisms.

The problem often arises in resource allocation where there are financial constraints and is studied in fields such as combinatorics, computer science, complexity theory, cryptography and applied mathematics.

As academic language and learning ( ALL ) educators often work with students on improving their approaches to learning, the question then arises: can the results of neuro-scientific studies of brains as they are learning usefully inform practice in this area?

Conditions are often humid, and combined with highs reaching on an average 8. 4 days per annum, a considerable heat index arises.

Res ipsa loquitur often arises in the " scalpel left behind " variety of case.

Because traits held to be due to sexual selection often conflict with the survival fitness of the individual, the question then arises as to why, in nature, in which survival of the fittest is considered the rule of thumb, such apparent liabilities are allowed to persist.

These theorists often refer to " intellectual capital ", which more properly describes a debate or locus of complexity that arises when individuals take key instructional roles.

Else the reverse may happen in the evening sky after dusk, with Mercury or Venus entering retrograde motion just as it is about to overtake another planet ( often Mercury and Venus are both of the planets involved, and when this situation arises they may remain in very close visual proximity for several days or even longer ).

Identity is not as determinate as we often suppose it is, but instead such determinacy arises mainly from the way we talk.

At the same time, there is continued debate on whether UN membership or recognition as a state by the UN is a decisive feature of statehood ( since it represents broad recognition by the international community ); the debate arises because non-state entities can often satisfy the Montevideo Convention factors, while the list of states recognised by the UN, for the most part, correlate well with entities recognised as states by customary international law.

The name arises from the use of the slash symbol (/) in mentions in the late ' 70s of K / S ( meaning stories where Kirk and Spock had a romantic often sexual relationship ) as compared to the ampersand (&) conventionally used for K & S or Kirk and Spock friendship fiction.

The clinical underpinnings of two of the most common spasticity conditions, spastic diplegia and multiple sclerosis, can be described as follows: in spastic diplegia, the upper motor neuron lesion arises often as a result of neonatal asphyxia, while in conditions like multiple sclerosis, spasticity is thought by some to be as a result of the autoimmune destruction of the myelin sheaths around nerve endings — which in turn can mimic the gamma amino butyric acid deficiencies present in the damaged nerves of spastic diplegics, leading to roughly the same presentation of spasticity, but which clinically is fundamentally different from the latter.

The term black humor ( from the French humour noir ) was coined by the Surrealist theoretician André Breton in 1935, to designate a sub-genre of comedy and satire in which laughter arises from cynicism and skepticism, often relying on topics such as death.

Lithium aluminium hydride ( often abbreviated as LAH ) arises from reactions of lithium hydride with aluminium chloride.

Coloniality often arises in types of bird which do not defend feeding territories ( such as swifts, which have a very variable prey source ); this may be a reason why it arises more frequently in seabirds.

A cult of personality arises when an individual uses mass media, propaganda, or other methods, to create an idealized, heroic, and, at times god-like public image, often through unquestioning flattery and praise.

In practice, a commutative local ring often arises as the result of the localization of a ring at a prime ideal.

Confusion arises because there is no accepted international nomenclature for the three different logical entities called " Fermi level ", and because in each of the main contexts in which one of these entities is used it is often just called " Fermi level ".

* Committees may meet on a regular basis, often weekly or yearly, or meetings may be called irregularly as the need arises.

For a Fermi liquid, the resistance from this mechanism varies as, which is often taken as an experimental check for Fermi liquid behaviour ( in addition to the linear temperature-dependence of the specific heat ), although it only arises in combination with the lattice.

The set of all binomial distributions is called the family of binomial distributions, but in general discussions this expression is often shortened to `` the binomial distribution '', or even `` the binomial '' when the context is clear.

Thus the films seen as they came in ( coordinated for the regular sections ), were often out of context.

Power analysis is often applied in the context of ANOVA in order to assess the probability of successfully rejecting the null hypothesis if we assume a certain ANOVA design, effect size in the population, sample size and significance level.

The context in which an ambiguous word is used often makes it evident which of the meanings is intended.

This is often the case, for example, with idiomatic expressions whose definitions are rarely or never well-defined, and are presented in the context of a larger argument that invites a conclusion.

As with many scientific fields, strict delineation can be highly contrived and atomic physics is often considered in the wider context of atomic, molecular, and optical physics.

The term is often used in the entertainment business, especially in a business context, for musicians and other performers ( less often for actors ).

Most often, the term describes those who create within a context of the fine arts or ' high culture ', activities such as drawing, painting, sculpture, acting, dancing, writing, filmmaking, photography, and music — people who use imagination, talent, or skill to create works that may be judged to have an aesthetic value.

Braudel developed the idea, often associated with Annalistes, of different modes of historical time: l ' histoire quasi immobile ( motionless history ) of historical geography, the history of social, political and economic structures ( la longue durée ), and the history of men and events, in the context of their structures.

In Brazil, a number of modern religious movements based on the use of ayahuasca have emerged, the most famous of them being Santo Daime and the União do Vegetal ( or UDV ), usually in an animistic context that may be shamanistic or, more often ( as with Santo Daime and the UDV ), integrated with Christianity.

As in so many programming languages, the operation ( V, x ) is often written V ← x ( or some similar notation ), and ( V ) is implied whenever a variable V is used in a context where a value is required.

The terms " base " and " alkali " are often used interchangeably, particularly outside of a scientific context.

* Basis point, 0. 01 %, often used in the context of interest rates

Large fixed-blade utility knives are most often employed in an outdoors context, such as fishing, camping, or hunting.

Although it's increasingly common for couples – particularly younger couples – to have " power neutral " relationships and / or play styles, activities and relationships within a BDSM context are often characterized by the participants ' taking on complementary, but unequal roles ; thus, the idea of informed consent of both the partners becomes essential.

In the context of the Indo-Aryan languages ( e. g. Sanskrit and Hindi ) and comparative Indo-European studies, breathy-voiced consonants are often called voiced aspirated, as in e. g. the Hindi and Sanskrit stops normally denoted bh, dh, ḍh, jh, and gh and the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European phoneme gʷh.

In antiquity, Greek reports of cannibalism, ( often called anthropophagy in this context ) were related to distant non-Hellenic barbarians, or else relegated in Greek mythology to the ' primitive ' chthonic world that preceded the coming of the Olympian gods: see the explicit rejection of human sacrifice in the cannibal feast prepared for the Olympians by Tantalus of his son Pelops.

Elaborations of tribal arbitration of feuds included peace settlements often done in a religious context and compensation system.

In recent usage, especially in the context of environmental policy, the term " climate change " often refers only to changes in modern climate, including the rise in average surface temperature known as global warming.

The current-carrying electrons in the conduction band are known as " free electrons ", although they are often simply called " electrons " if context allows this usage to be clear.

The concept of context-sensitive grammar was introduced by Noam Chomsky in the 1950s as a way to describe the syntax of natural language where it is indeed often the case that a word may or may not be appropriate in a certain place depending upon the context.

Many Canadian editors, though, use the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, often along with the chapter on spelling in Editing Canadian English, and, where necessary ( depending on context ), one or more other references.

Whether the large or small calorie is intended often must be inferred from context.

The kernel does not spawn or schedule a special process to handle interrupts, but instead the handler executes in the ( often partial ) context established at the beginning of interrupt handling.