Nehru emerged from the war years as a leader whose political views were considered radical.

After the Lahore session of the Congress in 1929, Nehru gradually emerged as the paramount leader of the Indian independence movement.

In later years there emerged a revisionist school of history which sought to blame Nehru for the partition of India, mostly referring to his highly centralised policies for an independent India in 1947, which Jinnah opposed in favour of a more decentralised India.

It has been noted that this was a key part of the process of the reduction of the Indian economy from sophisticated textile production to a mere supplier of raw materials which occurred under colonial rule, a process described by Nehru and more recent scholars as " de-industrialization.

John Kenneth Galbraith, the Canadian-American Harvard University economist, who advised governments of India during the 1950s, an intimate of Nehru who served as the American ambassador from 1961 to 1963, was a particularly harsh critic of Mountbatten in this regard.

However, some such as Jayati Ghosh, professor of economics at Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Delhi, have pointed out that prices have increased irrespective of supply and demand issues: Ghosh points to world wheat prices, which doubled in the period from June to December 2010, despite there being no fall in global supply.

During her stay in the UK, Nehru frequently met her future husband Feroze Gandhi, whom she knew from Allahabad, and who was studying at the London School of Economics.

Although the political discourse had been dominated at this time by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, a moderate who said that it was " madness to think of independence ", Nehru had spoken " openly of the politics of non-cooperation, of the need of resigning from honorary positions under the government and of not continuing the futile politics of representation.

Nehru was one of the first leaders to demand that the Congress Party should resolve to make a complete and explicit break from all ties with the British Empire.

Nehru was one of the leaders who objected to the time given to the British-he pressed Gandhi to demand immediate actions from the British.

Nehru remarked about the unprecedented popular response, “ it seemed as though a spring had been suddenly released .” Nehru was arrested on 14 April 1930 while entraining from Allahabad for Raipur.

Nehru ’ s real interest in Marxism and his socialist pattern of thought stem from that tour.

When the Congress party under Nehru chose to contest elections and accept power under the Federation scheme, Gandhi resigned from party membership.

Nehru hurried back from a visit to China, announcing that, in a conflict between democracy and Fascism, “ our sympathies must inevitably be on the side of democracy ......

While Nehru exempted Muslim law from legislation and they remained un-reformed, he did pass the Special Marriage Act in 1954.

Nehru led newly independent India from 1947 to 1964, during its first years of freedom from British rule.

In 1954 Nehru signed with China the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, known in India as the Panchsheel ( from the Sanskrit words, panch: five, sheel: virtues ), a set of principles to govern relations between the two states.

Nehru was then at the peak of his popularity in India ; the only ( minor ) criticism came from the far-right.

After years of failed negotiations, Nehru authorized the Indian Army to liberate Goa in 1961 from Portuguese occupation, and then he formally annexed it to India.

Nehru would continue to maintain his commitment to the non-aligned movement despite calls from some to settle down on one permanent ally.

Under American advice ( by American envoy John Kenneth Galbraith who made and ran American policy on the war as all other top policy makers in USA were absorbed in coincident Cuban Missile Crisis ) Nehru refrained, not according to the best choices available, from using the Indian air force to beat back the Chinese advances.

Upon his return from Kashmir in May 1964, Nehru suffered a stroke and later a heart attack.

Nehru observed that these attitudes and religious taboos were preventing India from going forward and adapting to modern conditions: “ No country or people who are slaves to dogma and dogmatic mentality can progress, and unhappily our country and people have become extraordinarily dogmatic and little-minded .” Therefore, he concurred, that religions and all that went with them must be severely limited before they ruined the country and its people.

Harbour cranes unload cargo from a container ship at the Jawaharlal Nehru Port, Navi Mumbai, India.

Patel clashed with Nehru and Azad over the allocation of houses in Delhi vacated by Muslims leaving for Pakistan — Nehru and Azad desired to allocate them for displaced Muslims, while Patel argued that no government professing secularism must make such exclusions.

State funerals were also organised for India's Prime Ministers who died in office — Jawaharlal Nehru ( 1964 ), Lal Bahadur Shastri ( 1966 ), and Indira Gandhi ( 1984 ).

* 14 November — Jawaharlal Nehru, politician and 1st Prime Minister of India ( d. 1964 ).

Fashion designer Bubs Mahil runs Chiffons saree house in Green Street, Forest Gate, and has made costumes for Bollywood diva Aishwarya Rai as well as British Prime Minister Tony Blair — who wore her Nehru jacket in India — and his wife, Cherie.

Space research was further encouraged by the technically inclined prime minister of India — Jawaharlal Nehru.

Later, on 1 September 1958, Nehru, his daughter Indira Gandhi, and Palden Thondup Namgyal ( son of — and internal affairs adviser to — Tashi Namgyal, the Chogyal of Sikkim ) used this pass to travel to nearby Bhutan.

In New Delhi she reciprocated by taking me to her fortune-teller — not just hers, but that of a bevy of Indian leaders, including former Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and his daughter and successor as prime minister, Indira Gandhi .... Before I was thirty-five, he said, I would go to my country's capital to work on something that was important.

* Chanakya, or Kautilya, the master of statecraft, described by Prime Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru as Indian Machiavelli — he was the guru of Chandragupta Maurya and author of the ancient text on statecraft, Arthashashtra.

Others who went on to achieve the highest distinction include four British Prime Ministers — Tony Blair, Margaret Thatcher, Clement Attlee and Herbert Asquith — as well as Carwyn Jones ( First Minister of Wales ), Mahatma Gandhi, M A Jinnah ( first Governor General and founder of Pakistan ), and Jawaharlal Nehru ( first Prime Minister of India ).

In 1997 Delhi had four universities — Delhi University, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Jamia Millia Islamia University and Indira Gandhi National Open University.

In India, he became an intimate of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, and extensively advised the Indian government on economic matters ; he harshly criticised Louis Mountbatten, the last Viceroy of British rule, for Mountbatten's passive role in the Partition of India in 1947 and the bloody partition of Punjab and Bengal.

He was cremated with full state honors at sunset the following day ; the last rites were performed by his nephew Dr. P. V. Ramachandran, at Ekta sthal on the banks of the River Yamuna ( adjacent to Shanti van, the memorial of his mentor Jawaharlal Nehru ).

Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister, was quite fond of the city and often visited the city and spent his last few days here before passing away in Delhi in 1964.

He played his last ODIs during the Nehru Cup tournament in India that followed the England tour.

However, he failed to back that up with the bat, and after a disastrous Nehru Cup in October 1989, where he strung together 36 runs in five innings and Sri Lanka finished last out of the sixth teams, Kuruppu was shuffled out of the team and Hashan Tillakaratne took his place behind the stumps.

He entered the cabinet of India's first prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, in 1952, and was that government's last surviving member.

In 1990, a part of the former detention camp buildings were converted to house the Nehru Museum of Science and Technology.