Nordau was born Simon Maximilian, or Simcha Südfeld on 29 July 1849 in Budapest, then part of the Austrian Empire.

James mocks the author on the grounds that he exemplifies the then current school of medical materialism, stating that Nordau " has striven to impugn the value of works of genius in a wholesale way ( such works of contemporary art, namely, as he himself is unable to enjoy, and they are many ) by using medical arguments.

Whereas Herzl favoured the idea of an elite forming policy, Nordau insisted the Congress have a democratic nature of some sort, calling for votes on key topics.

* January 23 – Max Nordau, Hungarian author, philosopher, and Zionist leader ( b. 1849 )

* July 29 – Max Nordau, Austrian author, philosopher, and Zionist leader ( d. 1923 )

Despite the fact that Nordau was Jewish and a key figure in the Zionist movement ( Lombroso was also Jewish ), his theory of artistic degeneracy would be seized upon by German National Socialists during the Weimar Republic as a rallying point for their anti-Semitic and racist demand for Aryan purity in art.

Max Simon Nordau ( July 29, 1849 – January 23, 1923 ), born Simon Maximilian Südfeld in Pest, Hungary, was a Zionist leader, physician, author, and social critic.

Nordau also, at the 1898 Zionist Congress, coined the term " muscular Judaism " ( muskel-Judenthum ) as a descriptor of a Jewish culture and religion which directed its adherents to reach for certain moral and corporeal ideals which, through discipline, agility and strength, would result in a stronger, more physically assured Jew who would outshine the long-held stereotype of the weak, intellectually sustained Jew.

Nordau was central to the Zionist Congresses which played such a vital part in shaping what Zionism would become.

Der Kulturkritiker, Arzt und Zionist Max Nordau.

Nordau saw in Jewish Emancipation the result of ' a regular equation: Every man is born with certain rights ; the Jews are human beings, consequently the Jews are born to own the rights of man.

Herzl obviously took centre stage, making the first speech at the Congress ; Nordau followed him with an assessment of the Jewish condition in Europe.

In Hungary, Hebrew-language authors included Solomon Lewison of Moor ( 1789 – 1822 ), author of " Melitzat Yeshurun "; Gabriel Südfeld, a poet who was the father of Max Nordau ; and the poet Simon Bacher.

The term Entartung ( or " degeneracy ") had gained currency in Germany by the late 19th century when the critic and author Max Nordau devised the theory presented in his 1892 book, Entartung.

Nordau drew upon the writings of the criminologist Cesare Lombroso, whose The Criminal Man, published in 1876, attempted to prove that there were " born criminals " whose atavistic personality traits could be detected by scientifically measuring abnormal physical characteristics.

Nordau developed from this premise a critique of modern art, explained as the work of those so corrupted and enfeebled by modern life that they have lost the self-control needed to produce coherent works.

Nordau was an example of a fully assimilated and acculturated European Jew.

Nordau cited England as an exception to this continental anti-Semitism that proved the rule.

It was Nordau, convinced that Zionism had to at least appear democratic, despite the impossibility of representing all Jewish groups, who persuaded Herzl of the need for an assembly.

" There would be eleven such Congresses in all, the first, which Nordau organised, was in Basle, 29 – 31 August 1897.

Indeed the fact that Max Nordau, the trenchant essayist and journalist, was a Jew came as a revelation for many.

Nordau used statistics to paint a portrait of the dire straits of Eastern Jewry and also expressed his belief in the destiny of Jewish people as a democratic nation state, free of what he saw as the constraints of Emancipation.

Nordau was also a staunch eugenicist.

As the 20th century progressed, Nordau seemed increasingly irrelevant as a cultural critic.

Nordau, in comparison, seemed very much a creature of the late 19th century.

Nordau died in Paris, France in 1923.

Morgan filled the dipper from the water bucket on the shelf, went back into the front room, lifted the girl's head, and held the edge of the dipper to her mouth.

Then he went on to the Cheyennes and told them that the Sioux was goin' to move up.

He grabbed her by the shoulders and went down on one knee, taking her weight so that some of the wind was driven out of him.

He stood on the porch and watched him struggling with the heavy harness, and finally went over to help him.

I went to the hall in the afternoons only, on these preliminary matters.

Once, pressing him, I learned that his job was only part-time, in the afternoons when nothing went on in the hall.

This desire, I went on, growing voluble as my conviction was aroused, had mounted at such a rate recently that I now found its realization necessary not only to my physical but also to my spiritual wellbeing.

Here, she dropped the keys on a small table beside the door and went upstairs to her bedroom.

He went prone on his stomach, the better to pursue his examination.

Joyce went on, `` When we'd finished, Lou -- Mr. Thor -- asked me to stay a little longer.

She went on:

There I got my Colt Special and shoulder harness, slipped my coat on, and went back into the front room.

But with her hand softly on his cheek for a last moment, she closed the door and he went back down the hall and into his bed excited, expectant, and finally faintly grinning with the feel of her hand against his mouth.

Then he calmly and carefully slugged the remaining five shots into the venomous head -- caught in the wicker back of the chair, the eyes dead on him as the life finally went out of the brute.

`` Anyway '', Waddell went on.

`` Why '', he went on, `` when Rob asked me if he could make his dive on this trip, I didn't think twice about it.

`` You know what they say about two deep dives in one day '', Artie went on, still twirling the snorkle and studying it intently.

When her hand touched his, fire went through Jack and he felt weak, but he managed somehow to get her on her feet.

He went on to use objects -- hoops, poles, capes -- which he employed as extensions of the body of the dancer, who moved with them.

I think it is essential, however, to pinpoint here the difference between the two concepts of sovereignty that went to war in 1861 -- if only to see better how imperative is our need today to clarify completely our far worse confusion on this subject.

even when the fences became a part of the game -- when a vine-embowered gate-post was the Sleeping Beauty's enchanted castle, or when Rapunzel let down her golden hair from beneath the crocketed spire, even then we paid little heed to those who went by on the path outside.

`` This is a horrible way to live '', Wright went on.

The parents compromised, however, on a convent school and Paula went to Ursuline Academy in London, Ontario.

`` Yes '', Gross went on, `` Bang-Jensen was an up-and-coming young man.