Though Oxford died in 1604 before approximately 12 of the plays were written according to the generally-accepted chronology, Oxfordians say that regular publication of new, " newly augmented ", and " corrected " Shakespeare plays stopped with Oxford's death in 1604, and they interpret certain written references to Shakespeare between 1604 and 1616 to mean that the writer was dead.

Oxfordians argue that at the time of the passage's composition ( pre-1589 ), the writers referenced were not in print, and interpret Puttenham's passage ( that the noblemen preferred to ' suppress ' their work to avoid the discredit of appearing learned ) to mean that they were ' concealed '.

Some Oxfordians believe that Shakespeare acted as a " front man ," receiving the plays from Oxford and pretending to have written them, but others claim that he was simply a merchant from Stratford who had nothing to do with the theatre.

Oxfordians deduce from the works that the author must have been an aristocrat of great formal learning, intimate with the Elizabethan court and widely travelled through the countries and cities mentioned in the plays.

While there is no documentary evidence connecting Oxford ( or any authorial candidate ) to the plays of Shakespeare, Oxfordian researchers, including Mark Anderson and Charlton Ogburn, believe the connection is provided by considerable circumstantial evidence inferred from Oxford's connections to the Elizabethan theatre and poetry scene ; the participation of his family in the printing and publication of the First Folio ; his relationship with the Earl of Southampton ( believed by most Shakespeare scholars to have been Shakespeare's patron ); as well as a number of specific incidents and circumstances of Oxford's life that Oxfordians believe are depicted in the plays themselves.

Almost half of Shakespeare's plays are set in Italy, many of them containing details of Italian laws, customs, and culture which Oxfordians believe could only have been obtained by personal experiences in Italy, and especially in Venice.

Oxfordians claim that the conventional dates for the plays were developed by mainstream scholars to fit within Shakespeare's lifetime and that no evidence exists that any plays were written after 1604.

Oxfordians also claim that the fact that a number of the later plays ( such as Henry VIII, Macbeth, Timon of Athens and Pericles ) have been described as incomplete or collaborative is explained by these plays being either drafted earlier than conventionally believed, or simply revised / completed by others after Oxford's death.

Further, attribution studies, which have shown certain plays in the canon were written by two or three hands, are a ' nightmare ' for Oxfordians, implying a ' jumble sale scenario ' for his literary remains long after his death.

Oxfordians also say that the author of Shakespeare's works stopped writing in 1604, evidenced by the cessation of regular publication of Shakespeare's plays in that year.

Early Oxfordians found many references to Oxford's family name " Vere " in the plays and poems, in supposed puns on words such as " ever " ( E. Vere ).

Despite this, Oxfordians list numerous incidents in Oxford's life that they say parallel those in many of the Shakespeare plays.

Shakespeare's use of it in All's Well That Ends Well and Measure for Measure followed his sources for the plays ( stories by Boccaccio and Cinthio ); nevertheless Oxfordians say that de Vere was drawn to these stories because they " paralleled his own ", based on Osborne's anecdote.

Oxfordians claim that flattering treatment of Oxford's ancestors in Shakespeare's history plays is evidence of his authorship.

Oxfordians see Oxford's marriage to Anne Cecil, Lord Burghley's daughter, paralleled in such plays as Hamlet, Othello, Cymbeline, The Merry Wives of Windsor, All's Well That Ends Well, Measure for Measure, Much Ado About Nothing, and The Winter's Tale.

Oxfordians also assert that the tone of the poems is that of a nobleman addressing an equal rather than that of a poet addressing his patron.

Oxfordians believe the title ( Shake-Speares Sonnets ) suggests a finality indicating that it was a completed body of work with no further sonnets expected, and consider the differences of opinion among Shakespearean scholars as to whether the Sonnets are fictional or autobiographical to be a serious problem facing orthodox scholars.

However, Oxfordians ( as adherents of the theory are usually called ) reject the historical record, often proposing the conspiracy theory that the record was falsified to protect the identity of the real author, and invoking the dearth of evidence for any conspiracy as evidence of its success.

Although searching Shakespeare's works for encrypted clues supposedly left by the true author is associated mainly with the Baconian theory, such arguments are commonly made by Oxfordians as well.

Based on Sonnets 81, 72, and others, Oxfordians assert that if the author expected his " name " to be " forgotten " and " buried ", it would not have been the name that permanently adorned the published works themselves.

Although most Oxfordians agree on the main arguments for Oxford, the theory has spawned schismatic variants that have not met with wide acceptance by all Oxfordians, although they have gained much attention.

In lieu of any evidence of the type commonly used for authorship attribution, Oxfordians discard the methods used by historians and employ other types of arguments to make their case, the most common being supposed parallels between Oxford's life and Shakespeare's works.

Oxfordians believe these two passages, when linked, support their claim that Oxford was one of the most prominent " suppressed " writers of the day.

Although most Oxfordians accuse mainstream academics of rejecting their theory only because they have a vested interest in maintaining the status quo, they often cite the work of individual scholars to create the appearance of widespread agreement on an issue, even when the opinion in question is more widely considered eccentric or outdated.

Beginning with Looney, most Oxfordians ( exceptions are Percy Allen and Louis Bénézet ) have asserted that the " Fair Youth " referred to in the early sonnets refers to Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, Oxford's peer and prospective son-in-law.

" Oxfordians also consider it significant that the nearest town to the parish of Hackney, where de Vere later lived and was buried, was also named Stratford.

Oxfordians say the first of these phrases could refer to one of Edward de Vere's manors, Bilton, near the Forest of Arden, in Rugby, on the River Avon.

Oxfordians also believe that Rev.

" Oxfordians argue that this supports their own position, since there is no evidence that William Shakespeare ever left England, but Oxford undoubtedly visited the area.

Other Oxfordians say that de Vere's extant work is that of a young man and should be considered juvenilia.

Oxfordians also believe other texts refer to the Edward de Vere as a concealed writer.

The word Ape means pretender or mimic, and Oxfordians maintain the writer whose silent name is bound by one letter is Edward de VerE, although Marston calls the passage an example of " hotchpodge giberdige " written by bad poets, and nowhere does Marston mention Oxford explicitly as a poet, bad or otherwise.

" Oxfordians have dealt with this problem in several ways.

Later Oxfordians have generally abandoned this argument.

Oxfordians argue that this refers to the fact it was new on stage, having its first production in that year.

The space-age Garveyite message of Ra is ambiguous at times and metaphors employed are hard to interpret: He plays his music, which he describes as his instrument of transportation, to a Black and White audience.

" Also in 1990, Thomas McFarland stated, " Judging by the number and variety of critical effort to interpret their meaning, there may be no more palpably symbolic poems in all of English literature than Kubla Khan and The Ancient Mariner.

Whilst some critics have accused Heaney of being " an apologist and a mythologizer " of the violence, Blake Morrison suggests the poet " has written poems directly about the Troubles as well as elegies for friends and acquaintances who have died in them ; he has tried to discover a historical framework in which to interpret the current unrest ; and he has taken on the mantle of public spokesman, someone looked to for comment and guidance ...

Having this understanding, Wang likes to use poems to interpret international politics and the economic phenomenon in recent years.

It provides knowledge and skills to interpret and use statistical techniques in a variety of business applications.

Futurists, who do not normally use the day-year principle, interpret the Prophecy of Seventy Weeks in Daniel 9: 24 as years, just as historicists do.

Another popular convention is to use filename extensions ; for instance, if CGI scripts are consistently given the extension < tt >. cgi </ tt >, the web server can be configured to interpret all such files as CGI scripts.

The complexity of understanding what seizures are have led to considerable efforts to use computational models of epilepsy to both interpret experimental and clinical data, as well as guide strategies for therapy.

Stratigraphers can then use these data to reconstruct ancient processes occurring on the surface of the Earth ,< ref > interpret past environments, and locate areas for water, coal, and hydrocarbon extraction.

HyperText Markup Language is a markup language that web browsers use to interpret and compose text, images and other material into visual or audible web pages.

These form part of the Europe-wide Megalithic culture which also produced Stonehenge in Wiltshire, and which pre-historians now interpret as showing sophisticated use of astronomical observations.

" Nonstate theorists rejected the idea of hypnotic trance and interpret the effects of hypnotism as due to a combination of multiple task-specific factors derived from normal cognitive, behavioural, and social psychology, such as social role-perception and favorable motivation ( Sarbin ), active imagination and positive cognitive set ( Barber ), response expectancy ( Kirsch ), and the active use of task-specific subjective strategies ( Spanos ).

For example, one might argue that the myth of the wind-god Aeolus evolved from a historical account of a king who taught his people to use sails and interpret the winds.

In the following classic examples, as humans, we are able to interpret the prepositional phrase according to the context because we use our world knowledge, stored in our lexicons:

Archaeologists and historical scholars use a variety of ways to organize and interpret the available iconographic and textual information.

Those who interpret the purpose of the Second Council as one of embracing this world use Gaudium et Spes as the primary hermeneutic for all its documents.

Telemetry is a key factor in modern motor racing, allowing race engineers to interpret data collected during a test or race and use it to properly tune the car for optimum performance.

In these systems, successful interpretation requires that the program or user trying to interpret the dump understands the structure of the program's memory use.

A debugger can use a symbol table, if one exists, to help the programmer interpret dumps, identifying variables symbolically and displaying source code ; if the symbol table is not available, less interpretation of the dump is possible, but there might still be enough possible to determine the cause of the problem.

An interpreter might well use the same lexical analyzer and parser as the compiler and then interpret the resulting abstract syntax tree.

" Regarding Jewish traditions, Jews for Jesus says on its website: " As for the accusation that we ' fraudulently use Jewish symbols and Jewish holidays ,' we have a right to use Jewish symbols by virtue of our ancestry, and we have a right to celebrate Passover and other Jewish holidays and interpret them according to the teachings of Scripture.

Additionally, many dominant partners may interpret the use of a safeword as a failure on their part, i. e., failing to understand body language, to know their partner, or loss of control.

If an individual reads an English word that they have never come across they use the law of past experience to interpret the letter ’ s " L " and " I " as two letters beside each other, rather than using the law of closure to combine the letters and interpret the object as an uppercase U.

In so doing, military science seeks to interpret policy into what military skills are required, which, by employing military concepts and military methods, can use military technologies, military weapon systems, and other military equipment to produce required military capability.

Others point out that here, as in Galatians 4: 4, Paul does not use the ordinary word for " born " ( γεννητός, gennetos, the word used in in relation to John the Baptist being " born of a woman "), but the word γενόμενος, genomenos, literally meaning " become ", " come to be ", a fact that some interpret as an allusion to incarnation of the pre-existent Son of God.

A related way to interpret the Butterfly effect is to see it as highlighting the difference between the application of the notion of causality in physics and a more general use of causality as represented by Mackie's INUS conditions.