The total operation was a construction project comparable in magnitude with the Panama Canal, but in 1917 time was in short supply ; ;

ARIN formerly covered Argentina, Aruba, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Dutch West Indies, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falkland Islands ( UK ), French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, and Venezuela until LACNIC was formed.

The stage musical, with music and lyrics by Gene de Paul and Johnny Mercer, was adapted into a Technicolor motion picture at Paramount in 1959 by producer Norman Panama and director Melvin Frank, with a score by Nelson Riddle.

USNS Schuyler Otis Bland ( T-AK-277 ) was known to have brought highly classified " agriculture products " under armed guard to southeast Asia, Okinawa, and Panama.

This was compounded by transportation problems-the coffee-growing areas were mainly on the Central Valley and only had access to the port in Puntarenas on the Pacific Coast, and before the Panama Canal was opened, ships from Europe had to sail around Cape Horn in order to get to the Pacific Coast.

The influence of these policies, along with the US invasion of Panama, was instrumental in drawing Panama into the Central American model of neoliberalism.

Many notable sea canals were completed in this period, starting with the Suez Canal ( 1869 )-which carries tonnage many times that of most other canals-and the Kiel Canal ( 1897 ), though the Panama Canal was not opened until 1914.

This union consisted of the present day nations of Guatemala ( which included the former state of Los Altos ), El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica ( which included a region which is now part of Panama, and the Guanacaste Province which was once part of Nicaragua ), and Soconusco, a portion of the modern Mexican state of Chiapas.

Panama was a part of the Spanish Viceroyalty of New Granada, and then, following independence, became part of Gran Colombia.

Their second son, John Sheldon Doud Eisenhower, was born on August 3, 1922, while they were in Panama ; John served in the United States Army, retired as a brigadier general, became an author and served as U. S. Ambassador to Belgium from 1969 to 1971.

Almagro took part in the incursions, foundations and conquests developed in the Gulf of Panama, participating once again in the expeditions of Espinosa, who was known to travel in the ships of Balboa.

* FERISTSA Railway was proposed to connect Mexico with Panama via Guatemala using standard gauge rails

The French Panama Canal Company, headed by Ferdinand de Lesseps, had been attempting to build a sea-level canal, but came to the realization that this was impractical.

The base was also an important intermediate distribution point for World War II merchant shipping convoys from New York City and Key West, Florida, to the Panama Canal and the islands of Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Trinidad & Tobago.

Although Haiti actively assisted the independence movements of many Latin American countries – and secured a promise from the great liberator, Simón Bolívar, that he would free their slaves after winning independence from Spain – the nation of former slaves was excluded from the hemisphere's first regional meeting of independent nations, held in Panama in 1826.

The United States noticed: it was in US interests to contain Zelaya, protect the region of the new Panama Canal, and defend the increasingly important banana trade.

In addition to the dramatic drop in banana exports caused by the depression, the fruit industry was further threatened by the outbreak in 1935 of epidemics of Panama disease ( a debilitating fungus ) and sigatoka ( leaf blight ) in the banana-producing areas.

Panama, during the military dictatorships of Omar Torrijos and Manuel Noriega, was nominally a presidential republic.

The ham was awarded first prize in the 1915 Panama International Merchandise Exhibition.

In keeping with the band's satirical nature, each member had a comical name: in addition to Kinky there was Little Jewford, Big Nig, Panama Red, Wichita Culpepper, Sky Cap Adams, Rainbow Colours, and Snakebite Jacobs.

Plans were made to take advantage of this route to build an interoceanic canal, the Nicaragua Canal, but the Panama Canal was built instead.

In 1538, the Viceroyalty of New Spain was established, encompassing all of Mexico and Central America, except Panama.

Shortly after the first reported incidents in Puerto Rico, other animal deaths were reported in other countries, such as the Dominican Republic, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Brazil, United States, and Mexico.

He first became executive officer to General Conner in the Panama Canal Zone, where, joined by Mamie, he served until 1924.

HMMWVs first saw combat in Operation Just Cause, the U. S. invasion of Panama in 1989.

* 1855 – A locomotive, on the Panama Railway, runs from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean for the first time.

* 1999 – Panamanian election, 1999: Mireya Moscoso becomes the first woman to be elected President of Panama.

Later central Panama was home to some of the first pottery-making in the Americas, such as the Monagrillo cultures dating to about 2500 – 1700 BCE.

In 1501, Rodrigo de Bastidas was the first European to explore the Isthmus of Panama sailing along the eastern coast.

On August 15, 1519, Pedrarias, having abandoned Santa María la Antigua del Darién, moved the capital of Castilla del Oro with all its organizational institutions to the Pacific Ocean's coast and founded Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Panamá ( present day Panama City ), the first European settlement on the shores of the Pacific.

The prosperity enjoyed during the first two centuries ( 1540 – 1740 ) while contributing to colonial growth ; the placing of extensive regional judicial authority ( Real Audiencia ) as part of its jurisdiction ; and the pivotal role it played at the height of the Spanish Empire-the first modern global empire-helped define a distinctive sense of autonomy and of regional or national identity within Panama well before the rest of the colonies.

During the last half of the 18th century and the first half of the 19th migrations to the countryside decreased Panama City ’ s population and the isthmus ' economy shifted from the tertiary to the primary sector.

The tension between the two regions finally peaked when the first printing press arrived in Panama in 1820.

The world's first transcontinental railroad, the Panama Railway, was completed in 1855 across the Isthmus from Aspinwall / Colón to Panama City.

In 1855, the first Transcontinental railway of the New World, the Panama Railway, was built across the isthmus from Colón to Panama City to transport fortune hunters who wanted quick passage to the gold fields of California.

Pepsi released this logo in U. S. in late 2008, and later it was released in 2009 in Canada ( the first country outside of the United States for Pepsi's new logo ), Brazil, Bolivia, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Colombia, Argentina, Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Panama, Chile, Dominican Republic, the Philippines and Australia.

During this time, ownership of the territory that is now the Panama Canal was first Colombian, then French and then American before coming under the control of the Panamanian government in 1999.

* New Plans For Panama, by Stephen L. Freeman 1947 article about possible post World War II plans for the Panama Canal including first mention of a sea level canal to replace the locks

Roosevelt was portrayed in several episodes of the comic book story The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck: the young Scrooge McDuck first meets Roosevelt in his Badlands years, later in a fictional siege of Fort Duckburg and finally in Panama during the construction of the Panama Canal.

Applying methods first suggested by Finlay, yellow fever was eradicated in Cuba and later in Panama, allowing completion of the Panama Canal.

In some countries the trend has gone further than others: Mexico, Panama, and Venezuela are displaying open sympathy for Castroism, and there is no country -- save the Dominican Republic whose funeral services we recently arranged -- where Castroism and Anti-Americanism does not prevent the government from unqualifiedly espousing the American cause.

Newcomers of social note from other parts of the country are the Ray Carbones, formerly of Panama ; ;

I want to see institutions like Throop turn out perhaps ninety-nine of every hundred students as men who are to do given pieces of industrial work better than any one else can do them ; I want to see those men do the kind of work that is now being done on the Panama Canal and on the great irrigation projects in the interior of this country — and the one-hundredth man I want to see with the kind of cultural scientific training that will make him and his fellows the matrix out of which you can occasionally develop a man like your great astronomer, George Ellery Hale.

It should also be noted that a number of East Coast rappers that have been usually identified as African American have parentage from a country that speaks Spanish, usually Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, or Panama.

In 2004, the Nicaraguan government again proposed a canal through the country — large enough to handle post-Panamax ships of up to 250, 000 tons, as compared to the approximately 65, 000 tons that the Panama Canal can accommodate.

The History of Panama is about the Isthmus of Panama region's long history that occurred in southern Central America, from Pre-Columbian cultures, during the Spanish colonial era, through independence and the current country of Panama.

Having sealed the fate of the Spanish Crown's rule in Panama with his defection, Jóse de Fábrega now collaborated with the separatists in the capital to bring about a national assembly, where the fate of the country would be decided.

While Roosevelt ’ s ‘ walk softly and carry a big stick ’ as well as the Canal Company ’ s apartheid administrative policies, early on, have been the subject of much criticism, the fact is that, beyond the financial injection to the country ’ s economy and workforce, the changes brought about by the canal venture were largely positive for Panama.

Panama is a country located in the Central America region of North America, bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Pacific Ocean, between Colombia and Costa Rica.

The country claims the seabed of the continental shelf, which has been defined by Panama to extend to the 500-meter submarine contour.

The UNCCD has 194 country Parties: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, the People's Republic of China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d ' Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, European Union, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, the Republic of Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russian Federation, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Thailand, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Throughout the 1970s and the 1980s, Noriega was able to manipulate U. S. policy toward his country, while skillfully accumulating near-absolute power in Panama.

Psychological warfare designed to harass the enemy, the U. S. military contended the exercises were justified by the Panama Canal Treaty of 1980 ( Torrijos-Carter Treaties ), which guaranteed the U. S. forces freedom of movement in the country in defense of the canal.

Panama is the second country in Latin America ( the other being Costa Rica ) to permanently abolish standing armies, leaving it with only small para-military forces.

The statement expresses " shock " at " the horrific events of September 11, 2001 " but, evoking " similar scenes in Baghdad, Panama City, and, a generation ago, Vietnam ", describes Iraq as " a country which has no connection to the horror of September 11 ", and deplores the administration's " spirit of revenge " and the " simplistic script of ' good vs. evil ': " In our name, the Bush administration, with near unanimity from Congress, not only attacked Afghanistan but arrogated to itself and its allies the right to rain down military force anywhere and anytime.

" career took an unlikely turn in Panama, where his work with political opponents of Manuel Noriega kept him in the country straight through the 1989 American invasion.

* Panama, ISO country code

**. pa, the country code top level domain ( ccTLD ) for Panama

With these modern aircraft SAM united the most important cities of the country ( Medellín, Bogotá, Cali, Barranquilla, Pereira, Montería, Valledupar, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Riohacha, Cúcuta, Leticia, and Quibdó ), as well as several regional destinations ( San Andrés, Providencia Island, Capurganá, Bahía Solano, Caucasia, Puerto Berrío, Chigorodó, and Nuquí ) as well as a number of international destinations ( Aruba, Guatemala City, San José de Costa Rica, Panama, Quito, Caracas, and Curaçao ).

This organization tapped into a building current of discontent in Panama against the considerable influence the United States exerted on the country.

Even though reggaeton originated with reggae en español in Panama and gradually evolving to reggaeton in Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic was the third country in Latin America to which reggaeton was introduced.

A Broadway show called Bird of Paradise introduced Hawaiian music to many Americans in 1912 and the Panama Pacific Exhibition in San Francisco followed in 1915 ; one year later, Hawaiian music sold more recordings than any other style in the country.