Christian political forces then accused Abd-ar-Rahman III of pederasty with a Christian boy who was later canonized Saint Pelagius of Cordova for his refusal of Abd-ar-Rahman's advances.

The relics were said to have been later rediscovered in the 9th century by a hermit named Pelagius, who after observing strange lights in a local forest went for help after the local bishop, Theodemar of Iria, in the west of Galicia.

Pelagius argues on behalf of original innocence, while Augustine indicts Eve and Adam for original sin.

At some point Pelagius is said to have rebelled, but for what reasons is unknown and such rebellions by local authorities against their superiors formed a common theme in Visigothic Spain.

Pelagius reigned for eighteen or nineteen years until his death in 737, when he was succeeded by his son Fafila.

Pelagius never attempted to force the issue, and it was a Umayyad defeat elsewhere that probably set the stage for the Battle of Covadonga.

Pelagius poured out his own fortune for the benefit of the famine-stricken people, and tried to induce the king to grant a truce.

He sent forces to Egypt under the command of Louis I, Duke of Bavaria, but constant expectation of his arrival caused papal legate Pelagius to reject Ayyubid sultan Al-Kamil's offer to restore the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem to the crusaders in exchange for their withdrawal from Egypt and caused the Crusade to continually stall in anticipation of his ever-delayed arrival.

Augustine's works are intended in part for the common people and thus do not address Pelagius or his disciple Caelestius ( except for the Definitiones Caelestii ) by name.

Pelagius soon left for Palestine, befriending the bishop there.

Pelagius explained to the synod that he did believe God was necessary for salvation because every human is created by God.

He also showed letters of recommendation by other authoritative figures including Augustine himself who, for all their disagreements, thought highly of Pelagius ' character.

It is worth noting, also, that in the extant letters of Pelagius and his followers, they claim to believe that all good works are done only with the grace of God ( which he saw as enabling, but not forcing, good works ), that infants must be baptized for salvation, and that the saints were not always sinless, but that some at least have been able to stop sinning.

Pelagius argued that Augustine's doctrine that humans went to hell for doing what they could not avoid ( sin ) was tantamount to the Manichean belief in fatalism and predestination, and took away all of mankind's free will.

Pelagius used the letter to argue his case for morality, stressing his views of natural sanctity and man's moral capacity to choose to live a holy life.

It is perhaps the only extant writing in Pelagius ' own hand, and it was, ironically, thought to be a letter by Jerome for centuries, though Augustine himself references it in his work, On the Grace of Christ.

Pope Pelagius II ( 578-590 ): " Consider the fact that whoever has not been in the peace and unity of the Church cannot have the Lord … Although given over to flames and fires, they burn, or, thrown to wild beasts, they lay down their lives, there will not be ( for them ) that crown of faith but the punishment of faithlessness … Such a one can be slain, he cannot be crowned … slain outside the Church, he cannot attain the rewards of the Church " ( Denzinger, 469 ).

Still more executions were recorded in Córdoba in 923 ( Eugenia ), a boy Pelagius in 925 ( for refusal to convert to Islam and submit to Caliph's sexual advances ), and Argentea in 931.

He offered to trade Damietta for Jerusalem, but Pelagius would not accept these offers.

Although place names still remain ( such as Alfaião, Babe, Baçal, Bagueixe, Mogadouro, among others ) the influence of the Islamic civilization to the northern regions and Douro ( as well as mountainous enclaves ) has been little, except for a passing reference to a Pelagius Count of Bragança during the Council of Oviedo ( in 970 ).

The period sees the slow emergence of orthodoxy ( the idea of which seems to emerge out of the conflicts between catholic Christianity and Gnostic Christianity ), the establishment of a Biblical canon, debates about the doctrine of the Trinity ( most notably between the councils of Nicaea in 325 and Constantinople in 381 ), about Christology ( most notably between the councils of Constantinople in 381 and Chalcedon in 451 ), about the purity of the Church ( for instance in the debates surrounding the Donatists ), and about grace, free will and predestination ( for instance in the debate between Augustine of Hippo and Pelagius ).

In the autumn of 1218 reinforcements arrived from Europe, including the papal legate Pelagius of Albano.

Soon after this Zosimus received from Pelagius a confession of faith, together with a new treatise on free will.

* September 3 – Pope Gregory I succeeds Pope Pelagius II as the 64th pope, the first from a monastic background.

( Ends with Pope Pelagius, who reigned from 579 until 590.

Pelagius (; c. 685 – 737 ) was a Visigothic nobleman who founded the Kingdom of Asturias, ruling it from 718 until his death.

Wittiza is also said to have exiled Pelagius from Toledo upon assuming the crown in 702.

There, from among the dispossessed of the south, Pelagius recruited his band of fighters.

The Asturians opened fire from the slopes of the mountains, and then, at the climactic moment, Pelagius personally led some of his soldiers out into the valley.

Pope Pelagius I was Pope from 556 to 4 March 561.

He may be identical with the subdeacon John who made a collection of extracts from the Greek Fathers and completed the translation of the Vitae patrum into Latin which Pope Pelagius I had begun.

Pope Pelagius II was Pope from 579 to 590.

During is second stay in Hippo he had a long conversation with Saint Augustine during which he handed over the letters he was carrying from Jerome and informed Saint Augustine about the meetings he had had with Pelagius.

Writing against the monk Pelagius, whom he understood as teaching that man's nature was unaffected by the Fall, or at least was only weakened in the Fall, and that he was free to follow after God apart from divine intervention, Augustine developed the doctrine of original sin and, Calvinists contend, the doctrine of total inability.

The legate Pelagius of Albano, however, claimed the command ; and insisting on the advance from Damietta, in spite of John's warnings, he refused to accept the favourable terms of the sultan, as the king advised, until it was too late.

Pelagius, an ascetic who is said to have come from Britain, was concerned about the retention of man's moral accountability in the face of God's omnipotence.

Pelagius denied that original sin had extinguished God's grace in Adam's heirs, and that consequently mankind had the power to do good, to convert themselves from sin by their own power, and the ability to work out their own salvation.

Most of his later life was spent defending his doctrine against Catholic theologians who held that Catholicism came from the apostles and that Pelagius was spreading novelties in the Faith unknown to the apostolic tradition.

Around 405, it is said that Pelagius heard a quotation from Augustine's Confessions: " Give me what you command and command what you will ".

Regardless, Pelagius stands, both in reality and in icon, as a radical dissenter from the traditional view of original sin and the means of salvation.

After being banished from Rome, Pelagius headed east.

Following an appeal from Augustine, Pope Innocent I condemned Pelagius.

* St. Pelagius, a Romanesque church from the 12th century.