Permanent settlement began in the early 1860s, after gold discoveries in the Boise Basin brought people over the established stage and pack train routes.

His position was put forward in his essay entitled The Permanent Revolution, which can be found today in a single book together with Results and Prospects.

The minority, which left to form Permanent Revolution believed that the world economy was in a long upward wave ( a position they adopted from Ernest Mandel ) and that the possibility of a crisis of capitalism was unlikely for several more years.

The position is more formally known as the " Permanent Representative of the United States of America to the United Nations, with the rank and status of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and Representative of the United States of America in the Security Council of the United Nations "; it is also known as the U. S. Permanent Representative, or " Perm Rep ", to the United Nations.

However, amid rumours of a change in the Polish position, the 13 – 15 December meeting of the Council's Committee of Permanent Representatives determined that a qualified majority appeared to exist, and that the Council's revised version of the directive would be scheduled for formal adoption by the Council, without further debate, probably at the Agricultures and Fisheries Council meeting on the 21st and 22 December 2004.

An insurance professional from Elizabethtown, North Carolina, Nye is ( 2003-2004 session ) serving in his thirteenth term in the state House, where he holds the position of Permanent Democratic Caucus Chair.

Colby was offered the position of U. S. Permanent Representative to NATO but turned it down.

Writing in 2007, the British Trotskyist group Permanent Revolution characterised the RCG's position as being " distinctive on the British left by their open espousal of left Stalinism, which essentially consists of an uncritical support for the leadership of anti-imperialist struggles, an uncritical support for the Cuban regime, a completely undemocratic internal structure, an active participation in anti-racist struggles and complete rejection of any united front work within the British labour movement, trade unions or Labour Party.

The position of Permanent Secretary was first created as a non-permanent position supernumerary post from August 2005 to January 2006, while the position of the Director was left vacant.

Since 1981 and until the end of 2011, the position of Cabinet Secretary has been combined with the roles of Head of the Home Civil Service and Permanent Secretary of the Cabinet Office.

At the 2002 General Assembly in Kuujjuaq, Nunavik, Canada, the Chair passed from Greenland, where it had been held for the previous seven years by Aqqaluk Lynge, now a member of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, to Canada, where Sheila Watt-Cloutier, formerly the President of ICC Canada, took the position.

In the Spring of 1944 Burgess was recruited into the News Department of the Foreign Office by Alexander Cadogan, Permanent Undersecretary for Foreign Affairs, a position that gave him access to Foreign Office communications.

In 1906 he was promoted to the position of Permanent Under-Secretary at the Foreign Office, and despite his own conservatism, worked closely with Liberal Foreign Secretary Sir Edward Grey.

Permanent appointment to this position required confirmation by the state senate, which was not forthcoming.

Competing for his attention, however, was a recommendation by Lord Lansdowne, his former superior as Viceroy of India, to the Chief Secretary for Ireland that MacDonnell be offered the position of Permanent Under-Secretary for Ireland, the administrative head of the Irish government.

The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State was a ministerial position and the Permanent Under-Secretary of State was a civil service positions.

Permanent Secretaries ( known by other names in some departments ; see below ) are the non-political civil service heads ( and " accounting officers ") or chief executives of government departments, who generally hold their position for a number of years ( thus " permanent ") at a ministry as distinct from the changing political Secretaries of State to whom they report and provide advice.

He quickly rose to the rank of Permanent Secretary in the new Ministry of Labour and is considered the first man from a working class background to rise to such a senior position.

By virtue of this position, he was also Permanent Observer to the Organization of American States and the Holy See's representative to the World Association of Jurists.

Alasania resigned his position as Georgia's Permanent Representative at the U. N. on December 4, 2008, citing concerns over the Georgian government ’ s handling of the 2008 war with Russia.

A Permanent way sub-Inspector attracted his attention with an urgent enquiry and without entering the room where the instruments were situated or inquiring as to the position of any trains approaching Abermule, he immediately went with the sub-inspector to the goods yard.

On 17 November 1917 he was assigned as the American Permanent Military Representative, Supreme War Council, concurrent with the U. S. Army Chief of Staff position.

Permanent moorings use large masses ( commonly a block or slab of concrete ) resting on this seabed.

In the 1830s and 1840s a new development took place with the Permanent Building Society, where the society continued on a rolling basis, continually taking in new members as earlier ones completed purchases, such as Leek United Building Society.

Membership in International Organizations: The major organizations in which Colombia is a member include: the Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean, Andean Pact, Caribbean Development Bank, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Group of 3, Group of 11, Group of 24, Group of 77, Inter-American Development Bank, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Chamber of Commerce, International Civil Aviation Organization, International Criminal Police Organization, International Development Association, International Finance Corporation, International Fund for Agricultural Development, International Labour Organization, International Maritime Organization, International Maritime Satellite Organization, International Monetary Fund ( IMF ), International Olympic Committee, International Organization for Migration, International Organization for Standardization, International Telecommunication Union, International Telecommunications Satellite Organization, International Trade Union Confederation, Latin American Economic System, Latin American Integration Association, Latin Union, Non-Aligned Movement, Organization of American States ( OAS ), Permanent Court of Arbitration, Rio Group, United Nations ( UN ), UN Conference on Trade and Development, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UN Industrial Development Organization, UN Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees, Universal Postal Union, World Confederation of Labour, World Federation of Trade Unions, World Health Organization, World Intellectual Property Organization, World Meteorological Organization, World Tourism Organization, and World Trade Organization.

It alleged that Americas Watch gave too much credence to alleged Contra abuses and systematically tried to discredit Nicaraguan human rights groups such as the Permanent Commission on Human Rights, which blamed the major human rights abuses on the Sandinistas.

One member of the Permanent Commission for Human Rights commented on the Americas Watch report and its chief investigator Juan Mendez: " The Sandinistas are laying the groundwork for a totalitarian society here and yet all Mendez wanted to hear about were abuses by the contras.

* Voted NO on Permanent Normal Trade Relations with China.

Yale president Arthur Twining Hadley penned the inscription, which reads: " On Pemberton Hill, 255 Feet North of This Spot, Was Born on April Fifth 1649 Elihu Yale, Governor of Madras, Whose Permanent Memorial in His Native Land is the College That Bears His Name.

The Second World War effectively ended the International Agricultural Institute, though it was only officially dissolved by resolution of its Permanent Committee on February 27, 1948.

Soon after, Geddy began using the Fender Jazz Bass which was used on Permanent Waves, Moving Pictures, Signals and the supporting tours.

In 1938, he published a collection of essays on the future organisation of knowledge and education, World Brain, including the essay, " The Idea of a Permanent World Encyclopaedia ".

Often enormously complicated matters, ICJ cases ( of which there have been less than 150 since the court was created from the Permanent Court of International Justice in 1945 ) can stretch on for years and generally involve thousands of pages of pleadings, evidence, and the world's leading specialist public international lawyers.

Laos is a member of the following international organizations: Agency for Cultural and Technical Cooperation ( ACCT ), Association of Southeast Asian NationsASEAN, ASEAN Free Trade Area ( AFTA ), ASEAN Regional Forum, Asian Development Bank, Colombo Plan, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific ( ESCAP ), Food and Agriculture Organization ( FAO ), Group of 77G-77, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ( World Bank ), International Civil Aviation Organization ( ICAO ), International Development Association ( IDA ), International Fund for Agricultural Development ( IFAD ), International Finance Corporation ( IFC ), International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, International Labour Organization ( ILO ), International Monetary Fund ( IMF ), Intelsat ( nonsignatory user ), Interpol, International Olympic Commission ( IOC ), International Telecommunication UnionITU, Mekong Group, Non-Aligned Movement ( NAM ), Permanent Court of Arbitration ( PCA ), United Nations, United Nations Convention on Trade and Development ( UNCTAD ), United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ), United Nations Industrial Development Organization ( UNIDO ), Universal Postal Union ( UPU ), World Federation of Trade Unions, World Health Organization ( WHO ), World Intellectual Property Organization ( WIPO ), World Meteorological Organization ( WMO ), World Tourism Organization, World Trade Organization ( observer ).

These included the Disarmament Commission, the Health Organization, the International Labour Organization ( ILO ), the Mandates Commission, the International Commission on Intellectual Cooperation ( precursor to UNESCO ), the Permanent Central Opium Board, the Commission for Refugees, and the Slavery Commission.

The Statute of the Permanent Court of International Justice was accepted in Geneva on December 13, 1920.

As a result of these conferences and others, the judges of the Permanent Court of International Justice officially resigned in October 1945, and via a resolution by the League of Nations on 18 April, the Court ceased to exist, being replaced with the International Court of Justice.

Moreover, because of the limited airplay Rush's previous extended-length songs received, Permanent Waves included shorter, more radio-friendly songs such as " The Spirit of Radio " and " Freewill ", two songs that helped Permanent Waves become Rush's first U. S. Top 5 album ; both songs continue to make appearances on classic rock radio stations in Canada and the United States to this day.

* March 1981-Singapore's Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Ambassador Tommy Koh, assumed the Presidency of the Third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea.

Time magazine in 1983 published reports of human rights violations in an article which stated that " According to Nicaragua's Permanent Commission on Human Rights, the regime detains several hundred people a month ; about half of them are eventually released, but the rest simply disappear.

Nicaragua ’ s Permanent Commission on Human Rights reported 2, 000 murders in the first six months and 3, 000 disappearances in the first few years.

The CIIR was critical of the Permanent Commission on Human Rights ( PCHR or CPDH in Spanish ), claiming that the organisation had a tendency to immediately publish accusations against the government without first establishing a factual basis for the allegations.

The CIIR report also questioned the independence of the Permanent Commission on Human Rights, referring to an article in the Washington Post which claims that the National Endowment for Democracy, an organization funded by the US government, allocated a concession of US $ 50, 000 for assistance in the translation and distribution outside Nicaragua of its monthly report, and that these funds were administered by Prodemca, a US-based organization which later published full-page adverisments in the Washington Post and New York Times supporting military aid to the Contras.

On the other hand, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights states: " During its on-site observation in 1978 under the Government of General Somoza, the Permanent Commission on Human Rights in Nicaragua, ( CPDH ) gave the Commission notable assistance, which certainly helped it to prepare its report promptly and correctly.