The city appears to have been founded by Phoenician colonists sometime around 1100 BC, who gave it the Lybico-Berber name Lpqy.

The Greeks invented for Cilicia an eponymous Hellene founder in the purely mythic Cilix, but the historic founder of the dynasty that ruled Cilicia Pedias was Mopsus, identifiable in Phoenician sources as Mpš, the founder of Mopsuestia who gave his name to an oracle nearby.

The Phoenician inscription on the sarcophagus of King Eshmunʿazar of Sidon ( 5th century ) relates ( ANET, p. 662 ): " Furthermore, the Lord of Kings gave us Dor and Joppa, the mighty lands of Dagon, which are in the Plain of Sharon, in accordance with the important deeds which I did.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Pi ( Π ), Latin P, and Cyrillic П.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Sigma () ( which in turn gave Latin and Cyrillic С ), and the letter Sha in the Glagolitic and Cyrillic scripts (, ).

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek gamma ( Γ ), the Latin C and G, and the Cyrillic Г.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek delta ( Δ ), Latin D and the equivalent in the Cyrillic Д.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Zeta ( Ζ ), Etruscan z Z, Latin Z, and Cyrillic Ze З.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Eta, Etruscan H, Latin H and Cyrillic И.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Theta ( Θ ).

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Kappa ( Κ ), Latin K, and Cyrillic К.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Rho ( Ρ ), Etruscan r, Latin R, and Cyrillic Р.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek nu ( Ν ), Etruscan N, Latin N, and Cyrillic Н.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Xi ( Ξ, ξ ).

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Lambda ( Λ ), Latin L, and Cyrillic Л.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Mu ( Μ ), Etruscan M, Latin M, and Cyrillic М.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Tau ( Τ ), Latin T, and Cyrillic Т.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Epsilon, Etruscan E, Latin E and Cyrillic Е.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Alpha ( Α ), being re-interpreted to express not the glottal consonant but the accompanying vowel, and hence the Latin A and Cyrillic А.

It is thought that the Arabic alphabet is a derivative of the Nabataean variation of the Aramaic alphabet, which descended from the Phoenician alphabet, which among others gave rise to the Hebrew alphabet and the Greek alphabet ( and therefore the Cyrillic and Roman alphabets ).

Phoenician sailors visiting the coast of Spain c. 12th century BC, mistaking the European rabbit for a species from their homeland ( the rock hyrax Procavia capensis ), gave it the name i-shepan-ham ( land or island of hyraxes ).

The ruins even gave us inscriptions in Hittite and Phoenician, which have been used to decipher the Hittite language.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Beta, Latin B, and Cyrillic Б, В.

According to some sources, the name Bagheria ( by way of old Sicilian Baarìa ) originates from the Phoenician term Bayharia meaning " land that descends toward the sea.

In Phoenician and Aramaic inscriptions of Egyptian names containing nfr, the nfr element is rendered npy, and the closely related Hebrew language would presumably transcribe the name the same way.

The Phoenician and Carthaginian tombs were also used by the Romans, who occupied our islands way back to 218 before Christ.

In Lebanon, the right-wing Guardians of the Cedars, a fiercely nationalistic ( mainly Christian ) political party which opposes the country's ties to the Arab world, is agitating for " Lebanese " to be recognized as a distinct language from Arabic and not merely a dialect, and has even advocated replacing the Arabic alphabet with a revival of the ancient Phoenician alphabet, which lacks a number of characters to write typical Arabic phonemes present in Lebanese, and lost by Phoenician ( and Hebrew ) in the second millennium BC.

In this period a number of technological innovations spread, most notably iron working and the Phoenician alphabet, developed by the Phoenicians or the Canaanites around the 16th century BC.

The Tartessian language from the southwest of the Iberian peninsula, written in a version of the Phoenician script in use around 825 BC, which John T. Koch has claimed to be able to readily translate, has been accepted by a number of philologists and other linguists as the first attested Celtic language, but the linguistic mainstream continues to treat Tartessian as an unclassified ( Pre-Indo-European?

Western Aramaic, one of the two lingua francas of Canaanite civilization, is still spoken in a number of small Syrian villages, whilst Phoenician Canaanite disappeared as a spoken language in about 100 AD.

They expanded their influence to the eastern and southern coast from Bosa to Karalis, consolidating a large number of Phoenician colonies all over the western Mediterranean under one empire for the first time.

Phoenician inscriptions have been found in archaeological sites at a number of former Phoenician cities and colonies around the Mediterranean, such as Byblos ( in present-day Lebanon ) and Carthage in North Africa.

* Evagoras re-establishes his family's claim as kings of Salamis which has been under Phoenician control for a number of years.

Tripoli had a number of different names as far back as the Phoenician age.

I had always known that the latter spoke Semitic languages, but it came as quite a shock to learn that Hebrew and Phoenician were mutually intelligible and that serious linguists treated both as a dialect of a single Canaanite language. During this time, I was beginning to study Hebrew and I found what seemed to me a number of striking similarities between it and Greek ...

He notes a number of striking similarities in shape and form between the late Harappan characters and the Phoenician letters, arguing than the Phoenician script evolved from the Harappan script, challenging the classical theory that the first alphabet was Proto-Sinaitic.

The area offers a great number of attractions, including pristine white sandy beaches south of Tyre, and the opportunity to snorkel or dive among submerged Phoenician and Roman ruins near the ancient cities of Sidon and Tyre.

He was so absorbed in his favorite study, that he saw Phoenician origins even in Celtic words, and hence the number of chimerical etymologies which swarm in his works.

However, the La Marle interpretation of Linear A has been rejected by John Younger of Kansas University showing that La Marle has invented erroneous and arbitrary new transcriptions based on resemblances with many different script systems at will ( as Phoenician, Hieroglyphic Egyptian, Hieroglyphic Hittite, Ethiopian, Cypro-Minoan, etc.

After the conquest of Majorca, it was loosely incorporated into the province of Tarraconensis by 123 BC ; the Romans founded two new cities: Palma on the south of the island, and Pollentia in the northeast-on the site of a Phoenician settlement.

it is mentioned that the name Chalcedon is Phoenician meaning " new town " ( probably correct ) while on " Chalcolithic Period " page, and under Prehistory below, it is mentioned that the name is from Greek meaning " copper ".

Unlike the other Greek letters, this letter did not take its name from the Phoenician letter from which it was derived ; it was given a new name on the pattern of beta, eta and theta.

Inspired by Phoenician accounts dating 600BCE of rich new lands beyond the Western ocean in the books, Lorenzo de Medici sent a bookdealer named Cristobal Colon in 1484 to buy these 1, 000 volumes, but Colon never turned the books over to the Medici family.

A reference to " Og " appears in a Phoenician inscription from Byblos ( Byblos 13 ) published in 1974 by Wolfgang Rölling in " Eine new phoenizische Inschrift aus Byblos ," ( Neue Ephemeris für Semitische Epigraphik, vol 2, 1-15 and plate 1 ).

" Utica " is from the Phoenician ˁattiq ( identical to modern Arabic ع ُ ت َ يقة and Hebrew עתיק ) meaning " old ", contrasting with the later colony " Carthage ", meaning " new town ".

As the story begins, the principal character, Wenamun, a priest of Amun at Karnak, is sent by the High Priest of Amun Herihor to the Phoenician city of Byblos to acquire lumber ( probably cedar wood ) to build a new ship to transport the cult image of Amun.

It is named in memory of the 14 Palmach members who were killed during the night of the bridges in 1946, and in relation to the ancient Phoenician and Arab village of Achziv whose nearby remains are part of a national park by the sea -- Achziv means disappointment so the first core of " Chalutzim " ( pioneers ) decided to name the new settlement, just the opposite, as " joy " referring to the bridge incident and also their own disappointment from the recent evacuation from Beit Haarava.