Plato the philosopher mentions Cleophantus as a most excellent horseman, but otherwise insignificant person.

Xenophon's Socrates in his Symposium disapprovingly mentions the practice of placing lovers beside each other in battle in the city-states of Thebes and Elis, arguing that while the practice was acceptable to them, it was shameful for Athenians ( both Plato and Xenophon were Athenians ).

The dithyramb (, dithurambos ) was an ancient Greek hymn sung and danced in honor of Dionysus, the god of wine and fertility ; the term was also used as an epithet of the god: Plato, in The Laws, while discussing various kinds of music mentions " the birth of Dionysos, called, I think, the dithyramb.

During the course of the speech, Socrates twice mentions Plato as being present ( at 34a and 38b ).

In his Timaeus, written in roughly 360 BC, Plato mentions, " the Sun and Moon and five other stars, which are called the planets ".

Lawhead himself acknowledges this, stating that ( within his universe ) the disaster Plato mentions is an earthquake that causes much of Atlantis to fall beneath the water, with it not being entirely sunk until later.

Plato mentions many contemporaries of Socrates, from political figures to sophists, often using them as characters in the dialogs and foils for his criticism.

Plato mentions Thrasymachus as a successful rhetorician in his Phaedrus, but attributes nothing significant to him.

Socrates quoted by Plato in “ Cratylus ” mentions the deaf who express themselves in gestures movement, depicting that which is light or a higher sphere by raising the hands or describing a galloping horse by imitating its motion.

Plato, for example, mentions users of a sign language, but he and Aristotle were in near-perfect agreement: without the ability to speak, Deaf people could be little more than barbarians.

Finally, he mentions such Arabic and Greek sources as the Almagest, al-Farabi, and Plato.

Plato believed the elements were geometric forms ( the platonic solids ) and he assigned the cube to the element of earth in his dialogue Timaeus.

Plato, as the speaker Timaeus, refers to the Demiurge frequently in the Socratic dialogue Timaeus, circa 360 BC.

Plato, in his dialogue Alcibíades ( circa 390 BC ), uses the expression ta esô meaning " the inner things ", and in his dialogue Theaetetus ( circa 360 BC ) he uses ta exô meaning " the outside things ".

The only contemporaneous mention of Hippocrates is in Plato's dialogue Protagoras, where Plato describes Hippocrates as " Hippocrates of Kos, the Asclepiad.

In his dialogue Republic, Plato uses Socrates to argue for justice that covers both the just person and the just City State.

Besides Zarathushtra's Gathas, Plato gives the earliest surviving account of a " natural theology ", around 360 BC, in his dialogue " Timaeus " he states " Now the whole Heaven, or Cosmos, ... we must first investigate concerning it that primary question which has to be investigated at the outset in every case ,— namely, whether it has existed always, having no beginning of generation, or whether it has come into existence, having begun from some beginning ".

Plato in his dialogue Cratylus gives two alternative etymologies: either the sea restrained Poseidon when walking as a foot-bond ( ποσί-δεσμον ), or he knew many things ( πολλά εἰδότος or πολλά εἰδῶν ).

* The Republic ( Plato ), a dialogue by Plato

Plato, as seen in the dialogue Parmenides, was willing to accept a certain amount of paradox with his forms.

* Commentary on Plato's " Alcibiades I " ( it is disputed whether or not this dialogue was written by Plato, but the Neoplatonists thought it was )

Plato, in his dialogue The Republic Book 6 ( 509D – 513E ), has Socrates explain through the literary device of a divided line his fundamental metaphysical ideas as four separate but logically connected models of the world.

Western humour theory begins with Plato, who attributed to Socrates ( as a semihistorical dialogue character ) in the Philebus ( p. 49b ) the view that the essence of the ridiculous is an ignorance in the weak, who are thus unable to retaliate when ridiculed.

Gérard Genette, a French literary theorist and author of The Architext, describes Plato as creating three imitational genres: dramatic dialogue, pure narrative and epic ( a mixture of dialogue and narrative ).

The Parmenides shows Parmenides using the Socratic method to point out the flaws in the Platonic theory of the Forms, as presented by Socrates ; it is not the only dialogue in which theories normally expounded by Plato / Socrates are broken down through dialectic.

Plato, in his dialogue Timaeus, describes a creation myth involving a being called the demiurge ( δημιουργός " craftsman ").

The first question arises in the dialogue Theaetetus, where Plato identifies thought or opinion with talk or discourse ( logos ).

Classical categorization first appears in the context of Western Philosophy in the work of Plato, who, in his Statesman dialogue, introduces the approach of grouping objects based on their similar properties.

Plato, in The Republic, numbered Simonides with Bias and Pittacus among the wise and blessed, even putting into the mouth of Socrates the words " it is not easy to disbelieve Simonides, for he is a wise man and divinely inspired ," but in his dialogue Protagoras, Plato numbered Simonides with Homer and Hesiod as precursors of the sophist.

* Apollodorus of Phaleron, follower of Socrates and narrator of the dialogue described by Plato in his Symposium

Plato in his dialogue The Statesman tells a " famous tale " that " the sun and the stars once rose in the west, and set in the east, and that the god reversed their motion, and gave them that which they now have as a testimony to the right of Atreus.

Plato says in the Charmides dialogue 156 D-157 B that Zalmoxis was also a great physician who took a holistic approach to healing body and soul ( psyche ), being thus used by Platon for his one philosophical conceptions.

In the Gorgias written years later Plato has Socrates contemplating the possibility of himself on trial before the Athenians: he says he would be like a doctor prosecuted by a pastry chef before a jury of children.

In his dialogues ( e. g. Republic 399e, 592a ), Plato has Socrates utter, " by the dog " ( kai me ton kuna ), " by the dog of Egypt ", " by the dog, the god of the Egyptians " ( Gorgias, 482b ), for emphasis.

Although Plato does not have an explicit theory of natural law ( he almost never uses the phrase natural law except in Gorgias 484 and Timaeus 83e ), his concept of nature, according to John Wild, contains some of the elements found in many natural law theories.

In " Gorgias ," one of his Socratic Dialogues, Plato defines rhetoric as the persuasion of ignorant masses within the courts and assemblies.

Plato ( 427-347 BC ) famously outlined the differences between true and false rhetoric in a number of dialogues ; particularly the Gorgias and Phaedrus wherein Plato disputes the sophistic notion that the art of persuasion ( the sophists ' art which he calls " rhetoric "), can exist independent of the art of dialectic.

Famously Plato argued against sophist thinkers such as Gorgias of Leontini, who held the physical world cannot be experienced except through language, this meant that for Gorgias the question of truth was dependent on aesthetic preferences or functional consequences.

In the Gorgias, Plato ( c. 400 BC ) wrote that souls were judged after death and those who received punishment were sent to Tartarus.

He was supposed to judge the souls of easterners, Aeacus those of westerners, while Minos had the casting vote ( Plato, Gorgias 524A ).

His favourite style seems to have been dialogues, some of them being vehement attacks on his contemporaries, as on Alcibiades in the second of his two works entitled Cyrus, on Gorgias in his Archelaus and on Plato in his Satho.

The Apology of Plato unites him with Gorgias and Hippias as among those who were considered competent to instruct the youth in any city.

Thrasymachus ’ s views are restatements of a position which Plato discusses earlier on in his writings, in the Gorgias, through the mouthpiece of Callicles.

As a scholar Thompson devoted his attention almost entirely to Plato ; and his Phaedrus ( 1868 ) and Gorgias ( 1871 ), with especially valuable introductions, remained as the standard English editions of these two dialogues for over forty years.

The Torah, and the study of ethics which forms a part of practical philosophy and is designated, by an expression borrowed from Plato (" Gorgias ," 464 ), as the " doctrine of the healing of souls ," are the guiding stars to this exalted plane ; but no scientific presentation of practical philosophy approaches in this regard the lofty heights of the Scriptures, wherein are clearly expressed the most sublime moral principles known to philosophers ( ib.

* Plato: Meno, Gorgias, Republic, Apology, Crito, Phaedo, Symposium, Parmenides, Theaetetus, Sophist, Timaeus, Phaedrus

Their influence was likewise longlasting ; Gorgias, a Sophist, argued in the style of the Eleatics in On Nature or What Is Not, and Plato acknowledged them in the Parmenides, the Sophist and the Statesman.

( As Sachs points out, this is indeed what Plato depicts Socrates doing in his Gorgias.

Among his writings and publications are these: Editions of the Alcestis of Euripides ( 1834 ), of the Antigone of Sophocles ( 1835 ), of the Prometheus of &# 198 ; schylus ( 1837 ), of the Electra of Sophocles ( 1837 ), and of the Gorgias of Plato ( 1843 ); an edition of Lieber's Civil liberty and Self Government, and:

Plato made extensive use of this tone in his Gorgias, Euthydemus, Republic, and Laws, and it is thematic in Xenophon's Symposium and the fourth book of his Memorabilia.

Metrodorus also wrote Against the Euthyphro, and Against the Gorgias of Plato.

Gorgias is a Socratic dialogue written by Plato around 380 BC.

Some have argued that Gorgias may have been uncharacteristically portrayed by Plato, because "… Plato's Gorgias agrees to the binary opposition knowledge vs. opinion " ( 82 ).