Plutarch, in Moralia, presents a discussion on why the letter alpha stands first in the alphabet.

Plutarch gives among numerous apophthegmata his letter to the ephors on his recall:

* Agis IV ( 265 BC – 241 BC ), a Spartan king ; Plutarch included a chapter on him in his Parallel Lives

Plutarch says that he lived to the age of 106 and 5 months, and that he died on the stage while being crowned victor.

) Plutarch placed it in the 37th year from the foundation of Rome, on the fifth of our July, then called Quintilis, also states that Romulus ruled for 37 years.

Reynolds made extracts in his commonplace book from Theophrastus, Plutarch, Seneca, Marcus Antonius, Ovid, William Shakespeare, John Milton, Alexander Pope, John Dryden, Joseph Addison, Richard Steele, Aphra Behn and passages on art theory by Leonardo da Vinci, Charles Alphonse Du Fresnoy, and André Félibien.

According to Plutarch, Seleucus even proved the heliocentric system, but it is not known what arguments he used ( except that he correctly theorized on tides as a result of Moon's attraction ).

Most information we have on the myths of Osiris is derived from allusions contained in the Pyramid Texts at the end of the Fifth Dynasty, later New Kingdom source documents such as the Shabaka Stone and the Contending of Horus and Seth, and much later, in narrative style from the writings of Greek authors including Plutarch and Diodorus Siculus.

Plutarch and others have noted that the sacrifices to Osiris were " gloomy, solemn, and mournful ..." ( Isis and Osiris, 69 ) and that the great mystery festival, celebrated in two phases, began at Abydos on the 17th of Athyr ( November 13 ) commemorating the death of the god, which was also the same day that grain was planted in the ground.

The architects Mnesikles and Callicrates are said to have called the building Hekatompedos (" the hundred footer ") in their lost treatise on Athenian architecture, and, in the 4th century and later, the building was referred to as the Hekatompedos or the Hekatompedon as well as the Parthenon ; the 1st-century AD writer Plutarch referred to the building as the Hekatompedon Parthenon.

Eventually, this gifted student became dissatisfied with the level of philosophical instruction available in Alexandria, and went to Athens, the preeminent philosophical center of the day, in 431 to study at the Neoplatonic successor of the famous Academy founded 800 years ( in 387 BC ) before by Plato ; there he was taught by Plutarch of Athens ( not to be confused with Plutarch of Chaeronea ), Syrianus, and Asclepigenia ; he succeeded Syrianus as head of the Academy, and would in turn be succeeded on his death by Marinus of Neapolis.

In his chapter on Romulus from Parallel Lives, Plutarch criticises the continuous belief in such disappearances, referring to the allegedly miraculous disappearance of the historical figures Romulus, Cleomedes of Astypalaea, and Croesus.

Plutarch said the inhabitants of Caria carried the emblem of the rooster on the end of their lances and relates that origin to Artaxerxes, who awarded a Carian who was said to have killed Cyrus the Younger at the battle of Cunaxa in 401 B. C " the privilege of carrying ever after a golden cock upon his spear before the first ranks of the army in all expeditions " and the Carians also wore crested helmets at the time of Herodotus, for which reason " the Persians gave the Carians the name of cocks ".

Dionysus and Plutarch offer various alternatives not found in Livy, and Livy's own pupil, the etruscologist, historian and emperor Claudius offered yet another, based on Etruscan tradition.

In volume 8 of the Moralia, in the books entitled Table-talk, Plutarch discussed a series of arguments based on questions posed in a symposium.

Plutarch indicates that, on account of his mother's background, Themistocles was considered something of an outsider ; furthermore the family appear to have lived in an immigrant district of Athens, Cynosarges, outside the city walls.

However, as Plutarch implies, since naval power relied on the mass mobilisation of the common citizens ( thetes ) as rowers, such a policy put more power into the hands of average Athenians — and thus into Themistocles's own hands.

Furthermore, Plutarch reports that at the next Olympic Games: " Themistocles entered the stadium, the audience neglected the contestants all day long to gaze on him, and pointed him out with admiring applause to visiting strangers, so that he too was delighted, and confessed to his friends that he was now reaping in full measure the harvest of his toils in behalf of Hellas.

Plutarch provides the most evocative version of this story: But when Egypt revolted with Athenian aid ... and Cimon's mastery of the sea forced the King to resist the efforts of the Hellenes and to hinder their hostile growth ... messages came down to Themistocles saying that the King commanded him to make good his promises by applying himself to the Hellenic problem ; then, neither embittered by anything like anger against his former fellow-citizens, nor lifted up by the great honor and power he was to have in the war, but possibly thinking his task not even approachable, both because Hellas had other great generals at the time, and especially because Cimon was so marvelously successful in his campaigns ; yet most of all out of regard for the reputation of his own achievements and the trophies of those early days ; having decided that his best course was to put a fitting end to his life, he made a sacrifice to the gods, then called his friends together, gave them a farewell clasp of his hand, and, as the current story goes, drank bull's blood, or as some say, took a quick poison, and so died in Magnesia, in the sixty-fifth year of his life ... They say that the King, on learning the cause and the manner of his death, admired the man yet more, and continued to treat his friends and kindred with kindness.

The myth can be traced back to Plutarch, who includes no less than 17 " sayings " of " Spartan women ," all of which paraphrase or elaborate on the theme that Spartan mothers rejected their own offspring if they showed any kind of cowardice.

According to Plutarch, a seer had foreseen that Caesar would be harmed not later than the Ides of March ; and on his way to the Theatre of Pompey ( where he would be assassinated ), Caesar met the seer and joked, " The ides of March have come ", meaning to say that the prophecy had not been fulfilled, to which the seer replied " Aye, Caesar ; but not gone.

) Plutarch placed it in the 37th year from the foundation of Rome, on the fifth of our month July, then called Quintiles, on " Caprotine Nones ".

Plutarch says: " And yet when he was further on in years, he was accused of criminal intimacy with Licinia, one of the vestal virgins and Licinia was formally prosecuted by a certain Plotius.

However, several other biographers of Alexander dispute the claim, including the highly regarded secondary source, Plutarch.

The Greco-Persian wars are also described in less detail by a number of other ancient historians including Plutarch, Ctesias of Cnidus, and are alluded by other authors, such as the playwright Aeschylus.

Plutarch mentions that the Athenians saw the phantom of King Theseus, the mythical hero of Athens, leading the army in full battle gear in the charge against the Persians, and indeed he was depicted in the mural of the Stoa Poikile fighting for the Athenians, along with the twelve Olympian gods and other heroes.

Plutarch reports that down to his own time, male couples would go to Iolaus's tomb in Thebes to swear an oath of loyalty to the hero and to each other.

The Pompeion and many other buildings in the vicinity of the Sacred Gate were razed to the ground by the marauding army of the Roman dictator Sulla, during his sacking of Athens in 86 BC ; an episode that Plutarch described as a bloodbath.

His historical sources include easily identifiable passages from Livy, Suetonius, Plutarch and other classical historians, as well as from medieval chroniclers such as Geoffrey of Villehardouin and Jean Froissart.

During the height of the Roman Empire, famous historians such as Polybius, Livy and Plutarch documented the rise of the Roman Republic, and the organization and histories of other nations, while statesmen like Julius Caesar, Cicero and others provided us with examples of the politics of the republic and Rome's empire and wars.

Plutarch reports that Themistocles also proposed in secret to destroy the beached ships of the other Allied navies, in order to ensure complete naval dominance, but was overruled by Aristides and the council of Athens.

Plutarch recounts that " honors he enjoyed were far beyond those paid to other foreigners ; nay, he actually took part in the King's hunts and in his household diversions.

The group included 60 other co-conspirators according to Plutarch.

On these two sources depend other ancient authorities, such as Ovid, Servius, Aulus Gellius, Macrobius, patristic texts, Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Plutarch.

The Greco-Persian wars are also described in less detail by a number of other ancient historians including Plutarch, Ctesias of Cnidus, and are alluded by other authors, such as the playwright Aeschylus.

His colleague John Baines, on the other hand, says that temples may have kept written accounts of myths, which later were lost, and that Plutarch could have drawn on such sources to write his narrative.

Set — whom Plutarch, using Greek names for many of the Egyptian deities, refers to as " Typhon "— conspires against Osiris with seventy-three other people.

Plutarch ( Sulla 24. 4 ) says that 150, 000 are killed, other sources calculate a figure of 80, 000 people.

Plutarch then goes on to repeat the usual ancient account with its brutal landlords on one side and wretched tenants on the other.

Suda's extraordinary account of the poet's death is found in other sources, such as Plutarch and Antipater of Sidon and later it inspired Friedrich Schiller to write a ballad called " The Cranes of Ibycus " yet the legend might be derived merely from a play upon the poet's name and the Greek word for the bird or ibyx — it might even have been told of somebody else originally.

According to the Greek historian Plutarch ( in De defectu oraculorum, " The Obsolescence of Oracles "), Pan is the only Greek god ( other than Asclepius ) who actually dies.

Plutarch does indeed describe Pelopidas leading the band and catching the Spartans in disorder but there is nothing in his account that conveys anything other than the Sacred Band being the head of the column and the Spartans were disordered not because they were taken in the flank but because they were caught in mid-manoeuvre, extending their line.

Penia was also mentioned by other ancient Greek writers such as Alcaeus ( Fragment 364 ), Theognis ( Fragment 1 ; 267, 351, 649 ), Aristophanes ( Plutus, 414ff ), Herodotus, Plutarch ( Life of Themistocles ), and Philostratus ( Life of Appollonius ).