Pneumatic post systems were used in several large cities starting in the second half of the 19th century ( including an 1866 London system powerful and large enough to transport humans during trial runs – though not intended for the purpose ), but were largely abandoned during the 20th century.

Pneumatic tires, which had a larger footprint than iron tires, also were less likely to get bogged down in the mud on unpaved roads.

In 1861 tests were performed at the Soho Foundry for the London Pneumatic Despatch Company.

Engineering companies like Richardson Cruddas, Bombay Oxygen, Chicago Pneumatic, ACC, Agfa & Gabriel were also around.

Pneumatic actuators were not powerful enough to move heavier objects like simulated limbs, so hydraulics were used for large figures.

Pneumatic drills were developed in response to the needs of mining, quarrying, excavating, and tunneling.

Occupied from Elizabethan times to the present day, the main buildings were built for the military protection of Milford Haven in the 1850s, but the most unusual feature is its use for trials of Edmund Zalinski's Pneumatic Dynamite Gun in the 1890s.

In Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v Selfridge & Co Ltd AC 847, an English contract law case, the House of Lords held that Dunlop Tyres ( a tyre manufacturer ) could not enforce an agreement between a tyre dealer and a tyre buyer to pay £ 5 per sale under a liquidated damages clause if tyres were sold ( other than to motor traders ) below the list price.

They were controlled by a Pneumatic Camshaft Motor ( PCM ) controller, where an air-operated camshaft controlled the switching of the motors, which was itself governed by an accelerating relay.

Pneumatic tyre development for commercial vehicles was in its early stages and so although the single-deckers were designed for these, standard equipment for the Leviathan was six solid rubber tyres, two on the front axle and four on the back.

There was also a holiday model railroad layout and Santa Clauses .. Pneumatic tubes were used throughout the store to convey messages and money from upper to lower floors and back again.

Pneumatic devices were made available to provide gripping ability.

Until it closed in early 2011, a McDonald's in Edina, Minnesota claimed on its receipts to be the " World's Only Pneumatic Air Drive-Thru ," sending food from their strip-mall location to a drive-through in the middle of a parking lot.

In Ghostbusters II, the " river of slime " under New York city is found by the Ghostbusters boys to be flowing through an old pneumatic tube line – a reference to the Beach Pneumatic Transit tube.

Pneumatic, hydraulic, water, and electrical systems may also be identified.

Pneumatic dilatation is most effective on the long term in patients over the age of 40 ; the benefits tend to be shorter-lived in younger patients.

Pneumatic systems in fixed installations such as factories use compressed air because a sustainable supply can be made by compressing atmospheric air.

Pneumatic or elastic tires help by providing some springing for most of the ( otherwise ) unsprung mass, but the damping that can be included in the tires is limited by considerations of fuel economy and overheating.

Pneumatic or hydraulic tools are particularly likely to be used in mines where there is an explosion risk ( such as underground coal mines ), since they lack any high-power electrical circuitry that might cause a triggering spark.

In the case of Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v New Garage & Motor Co Ltd AC 79 the House of Lords upheld the enforceability of the requirement in the resale price maintenance clause, to pay £ 5 damages per item sold below list price, on the basis that it was not a penalty clause ( which would be unenforceable ) but a valid and enforceable liquidated damages clause.

Pneumatic tools can also be driven by compressed carbon dioxide () stored in small cylinders allowing for portability.

Pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders, or lead screw can be designed to provide force in both directions.

* Pneumatic systems where small changes in pressures must be eliminated, such as those controlling air bearings.

* Pneumatic bladder, an old technology with many industrial applications

Watt continued to experiment with various gases for several years, but by 1797 the medical uses for the " factitious airs " had come to a dead end. Scientific apparatus designed by Boulton and Watt in preparation of the Pneumatic Institution in Bristol

* 1861: in London with the London Pneumatic Despatch Company providing services from Euston railway station to the General Post Office and Holborn

* Site describing Pneumatic Trash and Linen Systems, with photos

ball ( 5 ) Pneumatic Cylinder: i. Smart Cylinder Assembly with Internal proximity switch ii.

The Duchess was also instrumental in formulating, with Thomas Beddoes, the idea of establishing a Pneumatic Institution in Bristol.

Pneumatic systems are extensively used in industry, where factories are commonly plumbed with compressed air or compressed inert gases.

* Pneumatic Options ( general resource with history, photos, comprehensive external links )

A year later, the company registered as the New Triumph Co. Ltd., now with funding from the Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Company.

Pneumatic collection trucks have a crane with a tube and a mouthpiece that fits in a hole, usually hidden under a plate under the street.

The British employed Pneumatic valve bodies to regulate gear shifting by charging pistons with compressed air within the gearbox.

* Pneumatic suspension with height control ( common on some current vehicles, supercars and purpose built race cars )

Pneumatic Institution premises, 6 Dowry Square, with 7 to the right

During his tenure as a Law Lord he gave long majority judgments in cases including Metropolitan Water Board v Dick Kerr & Co Ltd concerning frustration and Tredegar v. Harwood concerning a landlord's liability to insure premises, Ellerman Lines Ltd v Murray on employment law and excessive reliance on a preamble or draft international instrument, Sorrel v Smith concerning the tort of conspiracy to interfere with a trade or calling, Leyland Shipping Co Ltd v Norwich Union Fire Insurance Society Ltd on causation in tort, Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co Ltd v New Garage & Motor Co Ltd on penalty clauses and Plumb v Cobden Flour Mills Co Ltd on employer's liability.

Pneumatic locomotive with attached pressure container.

) During its first two weeks of operation, the Beach Pneumatic Transit sold over 11, 000 rides with 400, 000 rides provided during its first year of operation.

** " Pneumatic Pieces " — Free-standing works, with hydraulically-or pneumatically-driven lifting devices for inside ; " contraptions " made of items from industrial and domestic parts.

** " Pneumatic Installations " — Installed works, with hydraulically-or pneumatically-driven lifting devices for both inside and outside ; " contraptions " made of items from industrial and domestic parts.

Fievel and Tony discover that an ancient treasure lies underneath Manhattan when snooping around an abandoned subway ( the Beach Pneumatic Transit system ) and stumbling upon the remains of a dead mouse clutching a treasure map, deciding they must find it with the help of an archaeologist Tony knows: Dr. Dithering, along with fighting five villains as well.

The first Craniotome was designed and created by John H. Bent, a mechanical engineer and owner of Standard Pneumatic Motor Company, under contract with Hall Air Instruments of Santa Barbara, California.