Polar coordinates in the plane employ a radial unit vector u < sub > ρ </ sub > and an angular unit vector u < sub > θ </ sub >, as shown above.

Polar coordinates centered at focus.

Figure 2: Polar coordinates for circular trajectory.

* Polar coordinates

The designs could be circular or oval starting from the center and working outward, reminiscent of the Polar coordinates system.

Still further south lies the Polar front, which is marked by a transition to very cold, relatively fresh, Antarctic Surface Water at the surface.

Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar Year Science.

This proceedings volume features the research presented at the Smithsonian at the Poles symposium, convened as part of the International Polar Year 2007-2008.

Polar unit vectors at two times t and t + dt for a particle with trajectory r ( t ); on the left the unit vectors u < sub > ρ </ sub > and u < sub > θ </ sub > at the two times are moved so their tails all meet, and are shown to trace an arc of a unit radius circle.

During the International Polar Year 1882-1883 the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition stayed one year at Jan Mayen.

In November 1978 the group recorded at Polar Studios in Stockholm, Sweden.

These ranged from simple relics ( Scott's sledging flag in Exeter Cathedral ) to the foundation of the Scott Polar Research Institute at Cambridge.

Using a route along the previously unknown Axel Heiberg Glacier, they arrived at the edge of the Polar Plateau on 21 November after a four-day climb.

In 1882 – 1883, a German expedition for the First International Polar Year was stationed at Royal Bay on the southeast side of the island.

The population of polar bears are locally recovering from the major culls of the 1960s and 1970s that came about due to the availability of snow scooters ; however, the Polar bear remains threatened at a global level, due to unsustainable levels of killing by humans and due to marine water pollution.

Based on studies by glaciologist Lonnie Thompson, professor at Ohio State University and researcher with the Byrd Polar Research Center, a number of indicators shows there was a global change in climate 5, 200 years ago, probably due to a drop in solar energy output as hypothesized by Ohio State University.

Polar plots of a four-driver industrial columnar public address loudspeaker taken at six frequencies.

Polar mesospheric clouds are the highest in the atmosphere and occur mostly at altitudes of, which is about ten times the altitude of tropospheric high clouds.

Polar mesospheric clouds all tend to form at an extreme altitude range and are consequently not classified into height-related families.

** Polar circle, either of two circles of latitude marking the extreme southerly points ( northern hemisphere ) or northerly points ( southern hemisphere ) at which the sun may remain above or below the horizon for 24 continuous hours at some point during the year

Many of these rivers finish near Moosonee, and paddlers can take the Polar Bear Express train south to Cochrane at the end of a trip.

Another small collection exists at the Polar Museum in Tromsø.

# Polar mesospheric summer echoes ( PMSE ) have been studied, probing the mesosphere using the IRI as a powerful radar, and with a 28 MHz radar, and two VHF radars at 49 MHz and 139 MHz.

Centre for Polar Observation & Modelling glaciologists Duncan Wingham and Martin Siegert published in 2006 that many of the subglacial lakes of Antarctica are at least temporarily interconnected.

Poland operates the Polish Polar Station at Hornsund, with ten permanent residents.

According to these esoterists, Hyperborea was the Golden Age polar center of civilization and spirituality ; mankind does not rise from the ape, but progressively devolves into the apelike condition as it strays physically and spiritually from its mystical otherworldly homeland in the Far North, succumbing to the demonic energies of the South Pole, the greatest point of materialization ( see Joscelyn Godwin, Arktos: The Polar Myth ).

Byrd Polar Research Center, sometimes abbreviated BPRC, is a polar and alpine research center at Ohio State University.

The Byrd Polar center at Ohio State University was established in 1960 as the Institute for Polar Studies.

* Byrd Polar Research Center, a series of articles about the research center from The Antarctic Sun

| align =" center " colspan =" 6 " | Polar Protic Solvents

The resolutions adopting the seal upon which this motto appears, give some insight into the meaning intended by the state motto: "... as the Polar Star has been considered the mariner's guide and director in conducting the ship over the pathless ocean to the desired haven, and as the center of magnetic attraction ; as it has been figuratively used to denote the point, to which all affections turn, and as it is here intended to represent the State, it may be considered the citizens ' guide, and the object to which the patriot's best exertions should be directed ".

Much of the biology in the area occurs along the major fronts of the current, the Subtropical, SubAntarctic, and the Antarctic Polar fronts, these are areas associated with well defined temperature changes.

* Polar Beverages of Worcester, Ma produces its own brand of cola under the Polar name.

* 1999 – NASA loses radio contact with the Mars Polar Lander moments before the spacecraft enters the Martian atmosphere.

Such competitions include the Polar Bear Invitational in Winnipeg, the Sting in Victoria, and the Alberta Provincial Championships in Edmonton or Calgary.

The Deep Space series was continued by the Deep Space 2 probes, which were launched in January 1999 on Mars Polar Lander and were intended to strike the surface of Mars.

* Inughuit people of north Greenland, who speak Inuktun or Polar Eskimo.

Polar bear and reindeer hunting in Greenland still occur but are regulated to avoid endangering the populations.

Additionally, the nesting sites needed to be close to rich feeding areas and be far enough from the mainland to discourage visitation by humans and Polar Bears.

Polar bears preyed on nesting colonies of the auk.

The Little Ice Age may have reduced the population of the Great Auk by exposing more of their breeding islands to predation by Polar Bears, but massive exploitation for their down drastically reduced the population.

Polar bears use their fur for warmth and while their skin is black, their transparent fur appears white and provides camouflage while hunting and serves as protection by hiding cubs in the snow.

Such very rare events are known as Polar Cap Absorption ( or PCA ) events, because the increased ionization significantly enhances the absorption of radio signals passing through the region.

Polar molecules have a net attraction between them.

Polar bears appear on Jan Mayen, although in diminished numbers compared with earlier times.

Polar bears are genetically distinguishable in this region of the Arctic from those living elsewhere.

* 1999 – The Mars Polar Lander is launched.