Pope Leo 13, on the 13th day of December 1898, granted the following indulgences: `` An indulgence of three hundred days is granted to all the Faithful who read the Holy Gospels at least a quarter of an hour.

This use of the title is said to have originated in the right conceded to the king of France, by the concordat between Pope Leo X and Francis I ( 1516 ), to appoint abbés commendataires to most of the abbeys in France.

The powerful Mariology of Ambrose of Milan influenced contemporary Popes like Pope Damasus and Siricius and later, Pope Leo the Great.

In 1884, he was created by Pope Leo XIII Archbishop of Caesarea in partibus and sent to India as an Apostolic Delegate to report on the establishment of the hierarchy there.

In the list of popes given in the Holy See's annual directory, Annuario Pontificio, the following note is attached to the name of Pope Leo VIII ( 963 – 965 ): At this point, as again in the mid-eleventh century, we come across elections in which problems of harmonising historical criteria and those of theology and canon law make it impossible to decide clearly which side possessed the legitimacy whose factual existence guarantees the unbroken lawful succession of the successors of Saint Peter.

In 853, at the age of four, Alfred is said to have been sent to Rome where, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, he was confirmed by Pope Leo IV who " anointed him as king ".

Algardi's first major commission came about in 1634, when Cardinal Ubaldini ( Medici ) contracted for a funeral monument for his great-uncle, Pope Leo XI, the third of the Medici popes, who had reigned for less than a month in 1605.

Algardi's large dramatic marble high-relief panel of Pope Leo and Attila ( 1646 – 53 ) for St Peter's Basilica was widely admired in his day, and reinvigorated the use of such marble reliefs.

* 1884 – Pope Leo XIII publishes the encyclical Humanum Genus.

** Pope Leo IX

* 1605 – Pope Leo XI ( b. 1535 )

* 1887 – On Easter Sunday, Pope Leo XIII authorizes the establishment of The Catholic University of America.

Pope Leo XIII ( Constitutio Universae Eccles., 29 December 1878 ) ordained that they should be written henceforth in ordinary Latin characters upon ordinary parchment, and that no abbreviations should be used except those easily understood.

By decree of pope Leo X they were created papal nobles, ranking as Comes palatinus (' Count Palatine '), familiars and members of the papal household, so that they might enjoy all the privileges of domestic prelates and of prelates in actual attendance on the Pope, as regards plurality of benefices as well as expectives.

Pope Leo XIII ( Motu Proprio, 4 July 1898 ) most solemnly decreed the abolition of all venality in the transfer or Collation of the said offices.

This can be clearly seen in the ministry of two popes: Pope Leo I in the 5th century, and Pope Gregory I in the 6th century.

Since Pope Leo XIII issued the bull Apostolicae Curae in 1896, the Catholic Church has insisted that Anglican orders are invalid because of changes in the Anglican ordination rites of the 16th century and divergence in understanding of the theology of priesthood, episcopacy and Eucharist.

The Benedictine Confederation, which was established in 1883 by Pope Leo XIII in his brief Summum semper, is the international governing body of the order, headed by the Abbot Primate.

Rather, in modern times, the various autonomous houses have formed themselves loosely into congregations ( for example, Cassinese, English, Solesmes, Subiaco, Camaldolese, Sylvestrines ) that in turn are represented in the Benedictine Confederation that came into existence through Pope Leo XIII's Apostolic Brief " Summum semper " on July 12, 1883.

He received some votes in the 1605 conclaves which elected Pope Leo XI, Pope Paul V, and in 1621 when Pope Gregory XV was elected, but only in the second conclave of 1605 was he papabile.

** Pope Celestine I ( Roman Catholic Church )

** Pope Sixtus I

** Pope Stephen I

Pope Gregory I repeats the concept, articulated over a century earlier by Gregory of Nyssa that the saved suffer purification after death, in connection with which he wrote of " purgatorial flames ".

The same word in adjectival form ( purgatorius-a-um, cleansing ), which appears also in non-religious writing, was already used by Christians such as Augustine of Hippo and Pope Gregory I to refer to an after-death cleansing.

Angilbert delivered the document on Iconoclasm from the Frankish Synod of Frankfurt to Pope Adrian I, and was later sent on three important embassies to the pope, in 792, 794 and 796.

# REDIRECT Pope Adrian I

* Pope Adrian I ( c. 700-795 )

* Pope Alexander I, Pope from 106 to 115

Hippolytus of Rome ( d. 235 ) is commonly considered to be the earliest antipope, as he headed a separate group within the Church in Rome against Pope Callixtus I. Hippolytus was reconciled to Callixtus's second successor, Pope Pontian, and both he and Pontian are honoured as saints by the Roman Catholic Church with a shared feast day on 13 August.

The commentary itself was written during the papacy of Pope Damasus I, that is, between 366 and 384, and is considered an important document of the Latin text of Paul before the Vulgate of Jerome, and of the interpretation of Paul prior to Augustine of Hippo.

* Pope Anastasius I ( died 401 ), pope from November 27, 399 to 401

* Pope Anastasius I – Pope 399 – 401

The Angles are the subject of a legend about Pope Gregory I, who happened to see a group of Angle children from Deira for sale as slaves in the Roman market.

John XXIII was acknowledged as pope by France, England, Bohemia, Prussia, Portugal, parts of the Holy Roman Empire, and numerous Northern Italian city states, including Florence and Venice ; however, the Avignon Pope Benedict XIII was regarded as pope by the Kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, and Scotland and Gregory XII was still favored by Ladislaus of Naples, Carlo I Malatesta, the princes of Bavaria, Louis III, Elector Palatine, and parts of Germany and Poland.

During the English Reformation the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church, at first temporarily under Henry VIII and Edward VI and later permanently during the reign of Elizabeth I.

The first Archbishop of Canterbury was St Augustine ( not to be confused with St Augustine of Hippo ), who arrived in Kent in 597 AD, having been sent by Pope Gregory I on a mission to the English.

According to this account, Athanasius composed it during his exile in Rome, and presented it to Pope Julius I as a witness to his orthodoxy.

( Philosophumena, VII, xxiii ) The belief was declared heretical by Pope Victor I.

In Spain, Adoptionism was opposed by Beatus of Liebana, and in the Carolingian territories, the Adoptionist position was condemned by Pope Hadrian I, Alcuin of York, Agobard, and officially in Carolingian territory by the Council of Frankfurt ( 794 ).

Disappointed at the lack of a male heir, and eager to re-marry, Henry attempted to have his marriage to Catherine annulled, but Pope Clement VII refused his requests.

In 1939, Pius XII turned the Vatican into a centre of aid which he organized from various parts of the world At the request of the Pope, an information office for prisoners of war and refugees operated in the Vatican under Giovanni Battista Montini, which in the years of its existence from 1939 until 1947 received almost 10 million ( 9, 891, 497 ) information requests and produced over 11 million ( 11, 293, 511 ) answers about missing persons.

The latter case prompted many requests of clemency – rejected by the Pope, who passed the confiscated Cenci property to his own family.

* Pope John VIII requests the help of Charles the Bald, King of West Francia, against attacks by the Saracens in Italy.

In response to requests from various quarters, Pope Paul VI authorized the composition of new Eucharistic Prayers, which were examined by himself and by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, and which in 1968 he authorized for use.

While requests by groups of Catholics wishing to use the Tridentine liturgy in parish Masses are to be dealt with by the parish priest ( or the rector of the church ) rather than, as before, by the local bishop, the Pope and Cardinal Darío Castrillón have stated that the bishops ' authority is not thereby undermined.

The Pope requests that all those priests are weeded out, who are incapable of preaching or of hearing confession.

In the report he was depicted as indecisive, uncommunicative, and inept, repeatedly failing to answer Porter's requests for information, failing to forward intelligence of Longstreet's positioning to Pope, and neglecting to take command of the left wing of the Union Army as was his duty under the Articles of War.

In response to requests from French bishops, Pope Pius IX promulgated the feast of the Sacred Heart in 1856.

The Pope who had strongly sided with Sverker, ignored him at first, but finally recognized him in 1216, commenting many requests that he had apparently made ever since having taken the office.

James made him Clerk of the Closet and asked the Pope to make him a bishop and later a Cardinal but was refused both requests.

He presented the Pope with a list of quite radical ( for the time ) requests for the clergy and people of his diocese, including:

These requests were not accepted by the Pope at that time, although twenty-five years later many were permitted by the Second Vatican Council.

Pope Urban VIII responded to the requests of Duke Odoardo's creditors by sending his nephew Antonio, Fabrizio Savelli and Marquis Luigi Mattei to occupy the city of Castro.

An officially sanctioned image of Our Lady of China was blessed, granted and promulgated by Pope Pius XI in 1928, in response to the requests made by the 1924 Shanghai Synod of Bishops in China, the first national conference of bishops in the country.

The Vatican, by word of Pope Benedict XVI, grants the recently surfaced Judas ' Gospel no credit with regards to its apocryphal claims that Judas betrayed Jesus in compliance with the latter's own requests.

In these cases, the priest hearing the confession asks the permission of the penitent to write a petition, using pseudonyms and containing the absolute minimum information necessary, to the bishop or to the Apostolic Penitentiary, the cardinal delegated by the Pope to handle such requests.

When a new patriarch is elected and enthroned, he requests ecclesiastical recognition by the Pope, thus maintaining their communion with the Holy See.

An important condition for granting the requests was " that it be made publicly clear beyond all ambiguity that such priests and their respective faithful in no way share the positions of those who call in question the legitimacy and doctrinal exactitude of the Roman Missal promulgated by Pope Paul VI in 1970.

After requests from the Pope, Prince Llywelyn and Archbishop John Peckham of Canterbury, Amaury was released after swearing at London not to return to England unless invited by the king.

One of the web's first online diaries was " A Hypertext Journal " ( 1996 ) by artists Karen Guthrie and Nina Pope, who followed the route of Boswell & Johnson's " Tour of the Western Isles " whilst responding to ongoing requests and interactions with their remote online audience.

The Pope requests that all those priests are weeded out, who are incapable of preaching or oh hearing confession.