* 1998 – A diplomatic conference adopts the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, establishing a permanent international court to prosecute individuals for genocide, Crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression.

At the moment he was excited about his son's having received the Prix De Rome in archaeology and was looking forward to being present this summer at the excavation of an Etruscan tomb.

This Greek abacus saw use in Achaemenid Persia, the Etruscan civilization, Ancient Rome and, until the French Revolution, the Western Christian world.

The Pyrgi Tablets laminated sheets of gold with a treatise both in Etruscan and Phoenician language s in the Etruscan Museum in Rome

Roman historians recalled that twelve lictors had ceremoniously accompanied the Etruscan kings of Rome in the distant past, and sought to account for the number and to provide etymologies for the name lictor.

Since Tarquinius made it a point to keep the captured Etruscan auxiliaries as prisoners for meddling in the war, the five Etruscan cities who had taken part declared war on Rome.

As a result, the prominent families instituted a republic, drove the extensive Tarquin family from Rome, and successfully defended the republic against attempted Etruscan and Latin intervention.

Tarquinius Priscus was the fifth king of Rome and the first of Etruscan birth.

Following Priscus ’ s death, his son-in-law Servius Tullius succeeded him to the throne, the second king of Etruscan birth to rule Rome.

Servius Tullius was the legendary sixth king of ancient Rome, and the second of its Etruscan dynasty.

** Italian sculptor Alfredo Fioravanti marches into the U. S. Consulate in Rome, and confesses that he was part of the team that forged the Etruscan terracotta warriors in the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

* 299 BC: The Samnites, seizing their chance when Rome is engaged on the Lombard plain, start the third Samnite War with a collection of mercenaries from Gaul and Sabine and Etruscan allies to help them

Rome was founded within or adjacent to Etruscan territory, and there is considerable evidence that early Rome was dominated by Etruscans until the Romans sacked Veii in 396 BC.

Meanwhile, Rome had started annexing Etruscan cities.

Those who subscribe to an Italic foundation of Rome, followed by an Etruscan invasion, typically speak of an Etruscan “ influence ” on Roman culture ; that is, cultural objects that were adopted at Rome from neighbouring Etruria.

Many, if not most, of the Etruscan cities were older than Rome.

Rome is located on the edge of what was Etruscan territory.

When Etruscan settlements turned up south of the border, it was presumed that the Etruscans spread there after the foundation of Rome, but the settlements are now known to have preceded Rome.

According to Roman mythology, when Romulus and Remus founded Rome, they did so on the Palatine Hill according to Etruscan ritual ; that is, they began with a pomerium or sacred ditch.

The classical Latin alphabet or Roman alphabet evolved from a western variety of the Greek alphabet called the Cumaean alphabet, which was adopted and modified by the Etruscans who ruled early Rome.

The Latin alphabet appeared about 600 BC, in Rome, and by the first century developed into Roman imperial capitals carved on stones, Rustic capitals painted on walls, and Roman cursive for daily use.

The Etruscan civilization was responsible for much of the Greek culture imported into early Republican Rome, including the twelve Olympian gods, the growing of olives and grapes, the Latin alphabet ( adapted from the Greek alphabet ), and architecture like the arch, sewerage and drainage systems.

In Roman mythology, Evander ( from Greek Εὔανδρος Euandros, " good man " or " strong man ": a spelling and etymology affected by poets to emphasize the hero's virtue ), also spelled Euander, was a deific culture hero from Arcadia, Greece, who brought the Greek pantheon, laws and alphabet to Italy, where he founded the city of Pallantium on the future site of Rome, sixty years before the Trojan War.

A stone found at Rome in 1877, and dating from the 6th or 7th century, seems to have been used in a school, as a model for learning the alphabet, and points to the continuance of old methods of teaching.

Then guests see the Egyptians, who invented a system of hieroglyphs and made papyrus on which to record them ; Phoenician merchants, who developed a written alphabet ( the Phoenician alphabet ); Ancient Greece, where the theater was a popular form of entertainment ; and Ancient Rome, whose leaders built a vast system of roads all over Europe.

Latin, for example, used to be written without case in imperial Roman times ; it was only later that scribes developed a new set of symbols for running text, which became the lower case of the Latin alphabet, and the letterforms of Ancient Rome became what we now call capitals.

At the end of this period two pious Christians in Rome receive the revelation which leads them to seek the next Pope on the rock.

Pope Pius the Sixth, at Rome, in April, 1778, wrote the following: `` The faithful should be excited to the reading of the Holy Scriptures: For these are the most abundant sources which ought to be left open to everyone, to draw from them purity of morals and of doctrine, to eradicate errors which are so widely disseminated in these corrupt times ''.

" This title hails back to England's separation from the See of Rome, when King Henry, as supreme head of the newly independent church, took over all of the monasteries, mainly for their possessions, except for St. Benet, which he spared because the abbot and his monks possessed no wealth, and lived like simple beggars, disposing the incumbent Bishop of Norwich and seating the abbot in his place, thus the dual title still held to this day.

Hippolytus of Rome pictures the underworld ( Hades ) as a place where the righteous dead, awaiting in the bosom of Abraham their resurrection, rejoice at their future prospect, while the unrighteous are tormented at the sight of the " lake of unquenchable fire " into which they are destined to be cast.

Praetor Anicius Probus first gave him a place in the council and then in about 372 made him consular prefect or " Governor " of Liguria and Emilia, with headquarters at Milan, which was then ( beside Rome ) the second capital in Italy.

Ambracia was captured and plundered by M. Fulvius Nobilior in 189 BC, after which it was declared by Rome a " free city ", and gradually fell into insignificance.

In many parts of the world, acropoleis became the nuclei of large cities of classical antiquity, such as ancient Rome, which in more recent times grew up on the surrounding lower ground, such as modern Rome.

Alaric is most famous for his sack of Rome in 410, which marked a decisive event in the decline of the Roman Empire.

The battle which followed on April 6, 402 ( coinciding with Easter ), was a victory for Rome, though a costly one.

But even these exceptional instances show that Rome was not entirely spared the horrors which usually accompany the storming of a besieged city.

He built the last aqueduct of ancient Rome, the 22 km long Aqua Alexandrina to supply his enlargement of the Thermae of Nero which have been renamed after the emperor ( Thermae Alexandrinae ).

Algardi died in Rome within a year of completing his famous relief, which was admired by contemporaries.

Among the letters of Julian are two ( 29 and 30 ) addressed to Alypius ; one inviting him to Rome, the other thanking him for a geographical treatise, which no longer exists.

Between 1424 and 1433 he worked on the translation of the Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers by Diogenes Laërtius, which came to be widely circulated in manuscript form and was published at Rome in 1472 ( the first printed edition of the Lives ; the Greek text was printed only in 1533 ).

The union was confirmed by Pope Paul V in 1606, at which time the congregation added the name of St. Barnabas to its title, adopted new constitutions, divided its houses into four provinces, two of them, St Clement's and St Pancras's, being in Rome.

We know little more of the life of Andronicus, but he is of special interest in the history of philosophy, from the statement of Plutarch, that he published a new edition of the works of Aristotle and Theophrastus, which formerly belonged to the library of Apellicon, and were brought to Rome by Sulla with the rest of Apellicon's library in 84 BC.

Scholars have often believed that Ammianus ' work was intended for public recitation for two reasons: the overwhelming presence of accentual clausulae, which implies that it was intended to be read aloud ; and epistle 1063 of Libanius to a Marcellinus of Rome which refers to public recitations.

The work which first established his fame at Rome was Theseus Vanquishing the Minotaur, now in the collections of the Victoria & Albert Museum, in London.

" However, in Clement of Rome ministerial activity is liturgical: the undifferentiated ' presbyter-bishops ' are to " make offerings to the Lord at the right time and in the right places " something which is simply not defined by the evangelists.

In May 357 the Roman laity, which had remained faithful to Liberius, demanded that Constantius, who was on a visit to Rome, should recall Liberius.

His last group of operas, composed for Rome, exhibit a deeper poetic feeling, a broad and dignified style of melody, a strong dramatic sense, especially in accompanied recitatives, a device which he himself had been the first to use as early as 1686 ( Olimpia vendicata ) and a much more modern style of orchestration, the horns appearing for the first time, and being treated with striking effect.

Rome was founded on the ninth day of the month Pharmuthi, which was 21 April, as universally agreed.