Finally, several memorial sites associated with the Rwandan genocide have begun generate significant tourism.

While the Rwandan Civil War was a complex sequence of violent episodes which included killers and victims on all sides, most historians agree with RPF's assertions that the 1994 genocide was a deliberate, methodical Hutu campaign to completely exterminate the Tutsis, and that plans for the genocide were well known in advance by European, American, and UN officials.

* Mbaye Diagne, United Nations military observer and hero during the Rwandan genocide

In 2001, four Rwandan citizens were convicted and given sentences from 12 to 20 years ' imprisonment for their involvement in 1994 Rwandan genocide.

These included those concerning the Rwandan genocide, and complaints filed against the Chadian ex-President Hissène Habré ( dubbed the " African Pinochet ").

In 2007, the Andrew Young Foundation produced the documentary film Rwanda Rising, about Rwanda's progress since the Rwandan genocide of 1994.

Data from the World Values Survey have for example been used to better understand the motivations behind events such as the Arab Spring, the 2005 French civil unrest, the Rwandan genocide in 1994 and the Yugoslav wars and political upheaval in the 1990s.

Her other writings include discussions about the aftermath of apartheid ( South from the Limpopo ) and the Rwandan genocide ( Visiting Rwanda ), the displacement of tribal peoples ( One Foot in Laos ), and post-war reconstruction of the Balkans ( Through the Embers of Chaos ).

She has been accused by Rwandan justice minister Tharcisse Karugarama of complicity in the genocide and was denied asylum in France on the basis of evidence of her complicity.

He rose to prominence as the leader of the Rwandan Patriotic Front ( RPF ), whose military victory over the incumbent government in July 1994 effectively ended the Rwandan genocide.

In August 2008, he was named in a Rwandan government report on the alleged French connection in the Rwanda genocide.

The ambiguous political and social position of the Banyamulenge has been a point of contention in the province, in the wake of incursion by fleeing Interahamwe forces responsible for the genocide of Rwandan Tutsis into the Kivu region after the liberation of neighboring Rwanda by the Tutsi-led RPF, leading to the Banyamulenge playing a key role in the run-up to the First Congo War in 1996-7 and Second Congo War of 1998-2003.

Flag of Rwanda ( 1962 – 2001 ), changed after being disgraced by the Rwandan Genocide | 1994 genocide

In 1998, they accompanied General Romeo Dallaire to Tanzania where he was due to testify against a Rwandan Hutu official accused of complicity in the 1994 genocide.

* In his multipart Rwanda Project, executed between 1994 and 2000 in response to the Rwandan genocide, Chilean artist Alfredo Jaar sent Rwandan tourist postcards to his friends around the world, mailed from neighboring Uganda, bearing the names of people who he'd encountered while travelling in Rwanda, reversing the self-referential content of On Kawara's work ' I am Still Alive '; " Jyamiya Muhawenimawa is still alive!

The Rwandan genocide as well as the recurrent problems experienced by the Sudan can also be related to a lack of ethnic, religious, or racial cohesion within the nation.

He worked with MSF since 1992 in a number of settings – including Goma, Zaire ( now Democratic Republic of Congo ) in the fall of 1996 during the Rwandan refugee crisis ; Kigali, Rwanda during the 1994 genocide ; and Baidoa, Somalia during the civil war and famine of 1992-93.

In 2004, his lead role as Rwandan hotel manager Paul Rusesabagina in the genocide drama film Hotel Rwanda earned him an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor.

Herman and Peterson's position on the Rwandan genocide was found " deplorable " by James Wizeye, first secretary at the Rwandan High Commission in London.

Mobutu had the remains of assassinated Rwandan president Juvénal Habyarimana stored in a mausoleum in Gbadolite.

Africa Confidential said in 2011 that he ' clearly remains implacably opposed to the Rwandan government.

The degree to which Rwandan intervention was motivated by a desire to protect the Banyamulenge, as opposed to using them as a smokescreen for its own regional aspirations, remains in question.

The Hutu FDLR remains in the forests and mountains north and west of Goma, carrying out attacks on the Rwandan border and on the Banyamulenge.

Rwandan Hutu militia forces ( Interahamwe ), who had fled Rwanda following the ascension of a Tutsi-led government, had been using Hutu refugees camps in eastern Zaire as a basis for incursion against Rwanda.

** Rwandan Hutu rebels kill and dismember 8 foreign tourists at the Buhoma homestead, Uganda.

* The Rwandan Genocide – between 6 April 1994 until mid-July 1994 a mass killing of hundreds of thousands of Rwanda's Tutsis and Hutu political moderates occurred by the Hutu dominated government under the Hutu Power ideology.

Hutu Rwandan genocidal leaders are on trial at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, in the Rwandan National Court system, and, most recently, through the informal Gacaca programme.

In this war, militarized Tutsi elements in the South Kivu area of Zaire, known as Banyamulenge to disguise their original Rwandan Tutsi heritage, allied with the Tutsi RDF forces against the Hutu refugees in the North Kivu area, which included the Interahamwe militias.

Hutu and other Rwandan children in Virunga National Park.

A Tutsi rebel group, the Rwandan Patriotic Front, invaded Rwanda from Uganda, which started a civil war against Rwanda's Hutu government in 1990.

A peace agreement was signed, but violence erupted again, culminating in the Rwandan Genocide of 1994, when Hutu extremists killed an estimated 800, 000 Rwandans, mostly Tutsis.

The fighting culminated in the Hutu mass killings of Tutsi and Hutu in the Rwandan Genocide of 1994, in which the Hutu then in power killed an estimated 500, 000 – 1, 000, 000 people, largely of Tutsi origin.

Medicine and clothing were provided to both Hutu and Tutsi Witnesses during the 1994 Rwandan Genocide.

Intergroup conflict can be highly competitive, especially for social groups with a long history of conflict ( for example, the 1994 Rwandan Genocide, rooted in group conflict between the ethnic Hutu and Tutsi ).

The respite was brief, as the plane carrying Ntaryamira and Rwandan president Juvénal Habyarimana, a fellow Hutu, was shot down by unknown assailants while landing at the Rwandan capital of Kigali killing both.

Tension between Tutsi and Hutu had been escalating through the 1950s, culminating in the 1959 Rwandan Revolution.

Following the Rwandan Genocide, Hutu refugees and many members of the former Hutu-led government fled as part of the Great Lakes refugee crisis.

In November 1996 at the start of the First Congo War, Rwandan government forces consequently attacked the Hutu camps, and forces of the then Zaire government which allowed the insurgency.

The colonial powers, first Germany and then Belgium, allied with the Rwandan court, allowing it to conquer the remaining autonomous kingdoms along its borders and racializing the system of minority Tutsi dominance created under Rwabugiri.

In 1991, the Rwandan Patriotic Front ( RPF ), a rebel group composed of 6, 000 Tutsi refugees from previous decades of unrest, invaded the country, starting the Rwandan Civil War.

Among these were Fred Rwigema and Paul Kagame, who rose to prominence in the Rwandan Patriotic Front ( RPF ), a Rwandan rebel group largely consisting of Tutsi veterans of the Ugandan war.

Though the Tutsi objective seemed to be to pressure the Rwandan government into making concessions, the invasion was seen as an attempt to bring the Tutsi ethnic group back into power.

However, neither Kagame's Rwandan Tutsi forces nor Museveni's Ugandan forces had any intention of leaving the Congo, and the framework of the Second Congo War was laid.

* a Rwandan woman seemingly moments away from being killed by Tutsi militia during the 1994 Rwandan Genocide — she stayed on the phone with As It Happens up to the point when the attackers knocked on her door.

In October 1990, an invasion against Habyarimana's government began when rebels from the Rwandan Patriotic Front ( RPF ), a force of mostly Tutsi Rwandan refugees and expatriates who had served in the Ugandan army ( many in key positions ), crossed the border from Uganda.

He was the son of a Polish Jewish father and a Rwandan Tutsi mother.

Since then it has been caught up in the conflict between Hutu and Tutsi people in Rwanda, and their allies in DR Congo, which led to the 1994 Rwandan Genocide and the First and Second Congo Wars.

What followed was the collapse of the unstable peace in Rwanda and the Rwandan Genocide, estimated to have claimed between 800, 000 and 1, 017, 100 Tutsi and Hutu victims over 100 days.