* In Scandinavian languages, adverbs are typically derived from adjectives by adding the suffix '- t ', which makes it identical to the adjective's neuter form.

The alleged ( or certain, as certain as historic linguistics can be ) contact similarities are seen in such phenomena as the existence of definite adjectives, which exist in both Baltic and Slavic and nowhere else in the Indo-European family ( languages such as Albanian and the Scandinavian languages developed definite adjectives only in more recent times ), that are not reconstructible for Proto-Balto-Slavic, meaning they are most likely to have had to have developed through language contact.

While the Scandinavian tradition preserves some evidence of the álfar as skillful supernatural beings with positive connotations, much like the æsir or " gods ", the elves of Anglo-Saxon and continental tradition are almost exclusively presented as mischievous or malevolent beings responsible for misfortune or illness.

The elves are typically pictured as fair-haired, white-clad, and ( like most creatures in the Scandinavian folklore ) nasty when offended.

The word friend itself has cognates in the other Germanic languages ; but the Scandinavian ones ( like Swedish frände, Danish frænde ) predominatly mean " relative " ( but may also mean soulmate ).

The two main conjugations of verbs in present and past tense were also present and like all other North Germanic languages, it used a suffix instead of a prepositioned article to indicate definiteness as in modern Scandinavian: man ( n ) (" man "); mannen (" the man ").

Last names found in the region are very often of Scandinavian or Danish form, with the-sen endings like Petersen.

The region's ethnic diversity has been affected by repeated waves of immigrant workers from abroad: Belgians before 1910 ; Poles and Italians in the 1920s and 1930s ; Italians and Germans since 1945 and North Africans and Portuguese since 1960 ; and large cities like Lille, Calais, and Boulogne are home to sizable communities of British, Dutch, Scandinavian, Sub-Saharan African, and Latin American immigrants and their descendants.

Other currencies in Europe, like the British pound, and the Scandinavian currencies do not issue large value banknotes.

Mannanán's powerful role in the cycle of life and death is also expressed in his possession of magic swine whose flesh provides food for feasting by the gods, and then regenerates each day, like that of Odin's boar Sæhrímnir in Scandinavian myth.

In general, as English is taught early on across all Israeli schools, most Israelis become comfortably bilingual, much like what one would see in The Netherlands or Scandinavian countries.

Scandinavian countries also produce high-quality warmbloods like the Finnish Warmblood and Swedish Warmblood.

Aquavit is seldom produced outside of Scandinavia, although there are domestic imitations of it in some countries, especially in areas that have a large community of Scandinavian immigrants like USA.

Many are common Scandinavian species, but the area has also produced the unexpected like the Great Egret, European Hobby, and Woodlark.

In Middle English, the name Stephen or Stephan was pronounced as a bi-syllabic word — Step-hen or Step-han — much like a Scandinavian surname.

In his role as a trickster god, he is in some ways similar to both Greek Hermes and Scandinavian Loki, and like them, he was connected with magic.

Under Stauning's leadership Denmark, like the other Scandinavian countries, developed a social welfare state, and though many of his ambitions for Social Democracy were ultimately thwarted, in his lifetime, by events beyond his control, his leadership through grave times places Stauning among the most admired of twentieth-century Danish statesmen.

Under Stauning's leadership Denmark, like the other Scandinavian countries, developed a social welfare state.

Marsupilami's adventures had been translated to several languages, like Dutch, German, Spanish, Portuguese and several Scandinavian languages.

The eggs made in large cities like Kiev and Chernihiv, which had workshops that produced clay tile and bricks ; these tiles ( and pysanky ) were not only used locally, but were exported to Poland, and to several Scandinavian and Baltic countries.

Contrary to the Scandinavian Petersen or Petersson, meaning " Peter's son ", a Fering name like Peters means " of Peter ".

The German Nix and Nixe ( and Nixie ) are types of river merman and mermaid who may lure men to drown, like the Scandinavian type, akin to the Celtic Melusine and similar to the Greek Siren.

Lithuanians, like most other Baltic / Scandinavian cultures, have been known for being people of above average height.

His books have been translated in many other languages, like French and Italian, Scandinavian languages, Hungarian, Czech, Esperanto and in recent years even in Urdu.

His only son, Konrad von Maurer ( 1823 – 1902 ), was a Scandinavian scholar of some repute, and like his father was a professor at the university of Munich.

Ville Sorvali of Moonsorrow and Heri Joensen of Týr issued a joint video statement to refute these accusations, noting that " one of the biggest issues seems to be that we use ancient Scandinavian symbols in our imagery like the S in the Moonsorrow logo and the T in the Týr logo though that is how the S and the T runes have been written for thousands of years ".

As it is, they consider that the North is now reaping the fruits of excess egalitarianism, that in spite of its high standard of living the `` American way '' has been proved inferior to the English and Scandinavian ways, although they disapprove of the socialistic features of the latter.

Variants of the name include: Alfonso ( Italian and Spanish ), Alfons ( Catalan, Dutch, German, Polish and Scandinavian ), Afonso ( Portuguese and Galician ), Affonso ( Ancient Portuguese ), Alphonse, Alfonse ( Italian, French and English ), Αλφόνσος Alphonsos ( Greek ), Alphonsus ( Latin ), Alphons ( Dutch ), Alfonsu in ( Leonese ), Alfonsas ( Lithuanian ).

This view is based partly on Old English and Danish traditions regarding persons and events of the 4th century, and partly on the fact that striking affinities to the cult of Nerthus as described by Tacitus are to be found in pre-Christian Scandinavian, especially Swedish and Danish, religion.

Historians identify several waves of migration to the United States: one from 1815 – 1860, in which some five million English, Irish, Germanic, Scandinavian, and others from northwestern Europe came to the United States ; one from 1865 – 1890, in which some 10 million immigrants, also mainly from northwestern Europe, settled, and a third from 1890 – 1914, in which 15 million immigrants, mainly from central, eastern, and southern Europe ( many Austrian, Hungarian, Turkish, Lithuanian, Russian, Jewish, Greek, Italian, and Romanian ) settled in the United States.

There are five main categories in which potential sources and / or analogues are included: Scandinavian parallels, classical sources, Irish sources and analogues, ecclesiastical sources, and echoes in other Old English texts.

The original Old English language was then influenced by two waves of invasion ; the first was by language speakers of the Scandinavian branch of the Germanic family ; they conquered and colonised parts of Britain in the 8th and 9th centuries.

For example ; burgh in Scots and Middle English ; burg in German and Old English, borg in Scandinavian languages ; parcus in Latin and pyrgos in Greek.

This point of view sees the modern Romance languages as dialects of Latin, modern Greek as a dialect of Ancient Greek, Tok Pisin as a dialect of English, and Scandinavian languages as dialects of Old Norse.

In English, the terms poniard and dirk are loaned during the late 16th to early 17th century, the latter in the spelling dork, durk ( presumably via Low German, Dutch or Scandinavian dolk, dolch, ultimately from a West Slavic tulich ), the modern spelling dirk dating to 18th-century Scots.

Elves are first attested in Old English and Old Norse texts and are prominent in traditional British and Scandinavian folklore.

The original word had both the meanings " friend " and " relative " but lost various degrees of the " friend " sense in Scandinavian languages, while it mostly lost the sense of " relative " in English.

Another example is the word gift, which in English and Dutch means a " present " but in German and the Scandinavian languages means " poison " ( the Swedish word for " gift " being gåva, related to the verb " to give ").

For example, German and Scandinavian " Hund " and Dutch " Hond " are the cognates of English " hound ", but whereas hund and hond refer to dogs in general, in English the sense has been narrowed to dogs used for hunting.

Garden gnomes share a resemblance to the Scandinavian tomte and nisse, and the Swedish term " tomte " can be translated to " gnome " in English.

Examples of goddesses attested in Norse mythology include Frigg ( wife of Odin, and the Anglo-Saxon version of whom is namesake of the modern English weekday Friday ), Skaði ( one time wife of Njörðr ), Njerda ( Scandinavian name of Nerthus ), that also was married to Njörðr during Bronze Age, Freyja ( wife of Óðr ), Sif ( wife of Thor ), Gerðr ( wife of Freyr ), and personifications such as Jörð ( earth ), Sól ( the sun ), and Nótt ( night ).

His struggles for power against Godwin, Earl of Wessex, the claims of Canute's Scandinavian successors, and the ambitions of the Normans whom Edward introduced to English politics to bolster his own position caused each to vie for control Edward's reign.

The Germanic languages feature terms cognate to the English rider: German Ritter, and Dutch and Scandinavian ridder.

Still others maintain it is of generic Germanic origin, not necessarily Scandinavian, comparing it with the German Knute, Dutch knoet ( both meaning knout ) and with Old Norse knutr, Anglo-Saxon cnotta and English knot.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the noun derives from a verb to kilt, originally meaning " to gird up ; to tuck up ( the skirts ) round the body ", which is apparently of Scandinavian origin.

Livonia (,,, German and Scandinavian languages: Livland, Latvian and,, archaic English Livland ,, Liwlandia ; Лифляндия / Liflyandiya ) is a historic region along the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea.

Mor may derive from an Indo-European root connoting terror or monstrousness, cognate with the Old English maere ( which survives in the modern English word " nightmare ") and the Scandinavian mara and the Old Russian " mara " (" nightmare "); while rígan translates as ' queen '.

The term Scandinavia is usually used as a cultural term, but in English usage, it is occasionally confused with the purely geographical term Scandinavian Peninsula, which took its name from the cultural-linguistic concept.