Especially in Germanic studies, continental refers to the European continent excluding the Scandinavian peninsula, Britain, Ireland and Iceland.

The derived term " Scandinavian " also refers to the North Germanic peoples who speak Scandinavian languages, considered to be a dialect continuum derived from Old Norse.

In the modern Scandinavian languages, the word Viking usually refers specifically to those people who went on Viking expeditions.

Guisborough was well-established at the time of the priory's founding ; the town's name refers to the fortified place of a Scandinavian called Gigr, who may have taken over a site established by the Anglo-Saxons or Romans who lived in the vicinity before the arrival of Vikings in the 8th and 9th centuries.

Tófe refers to the River Tove ; Bosworth and Toller compare it to the " Scandinavian proper names " Tófi and Tófa.

The word " starboard " is Scandinavian in origin and refers to the wooden board for steer ( ing ), that is, the sweep oar.

* Weichsel glaciation refers to the Baltic – Scandinavian ice age in the Last glacial period

She is not known by name in Nordic mythology, and if she refers to the moon, she is then different from the Scandinavian ( Mani ), who is male.

A modern edition of the traditional Scandinavian halatafl, the " fox game " Halatafl means " tail board ", in Old Norse, and " tail " presumably refers to a fox ' tail.

Since Dane was used as a generic expression for Scandinavian, it can be hypothesized that the name East Dane of the runic poem refers to Scandinavians living east of the Danes proper ( i. e. Swedes and Geats ).

The title refers to Scandinavian mythology, where the word Mjötviður, also known as Yggdrasil, means The Tree of Destiny, whose roots penetrate the three Underworld wells, and whose branches and foliage stretch throughout the whole Universe.

They are mostly resident, only the northernmost birds such as the eastern Scandinavian and Siberian population migrating south in winter.

Scandinavian and Russian birds also migrate southwards, but western European birds, and a few in Japan, are largely resident.

There is considerable debate however as to whether the lamellae in question were in the possession of a Scandinavian resident or a foreign mercenary.

" It definitely builds on the groundwork laid by extreme metal pioneers Celtic Frost and Bathory: the former with its restless experimentalism, and the latter with its determination to create something quintessentially Scandinavian.

Juel completely sympathized with Griffenfeld's Scandinavian policy, which aimed at weakening Sweden sufficiently to re-establish something like an equilibrium between the two states.

The terms Scandinavia and Scandinavian entered usage in the 18th century as terms for the three Scandinavian countries, their peoples and associated language and culture, being introduced by the early linguistic and cultural Scandinavist movement.

High status Protestants with Northwestern and Northern European heritage are also associated with the term, such as those of German, Welsh, Scandinavian, Dutch or French Huguenot descent.

The skald was a member of a group of poets, whose courtly poetry () is associated with the courts of Scandinavian and Icelandic leaders during the Viking Age, who composed and performed renditions of aspects of what we now characterise as Old Norse poetry ( the complementary aspect being the anonymous Eddaic poetry ).

The name " Scandia " was therefore after Ptolemy generally associated with the southern part of Scandinavian peninsula by the early Roman geographers, who thought of Scandinavia as an island.

More, in those countries liberalism is associated with the right-wing, as it is also in Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark and Switzerland, while it is more closely associated with the left-wing in the United Kingdom, which has a political history in some ways similar with that of the United States, and in some Scandinavian countries.

Some of the practices associated with the day predate the adoption of Christianity in Scandinavia, and like much of Scandinavian folklore and even religiosity, is centered on the annual struggle between light and darkness.

The basic thrust of the theory is that common law, as opposed to French civil law and ( to a lesser extent ) German and Scandinavian civil law, is associated with more orientation towards institutions of the market ( instead of state intervention ), which is why, according to proponents of the legal origins theory, common law countries tend to be economically more developed.

In Scandinavia, skijor racing is tightly associated with the older Scandinavian sport of Pulka.

The Nordic Cross Flag, Nordic Cross, or Scandinavian Cross is a pattern of flags usually associated with the flags of the Scandinavian countries of which it originated.

In the German / Scandinavian tradition this subject is seen as important, whereas the Anglo-American tradition it is believed that historical methods must be specific and associated with the subject studied, for which reason there is no general field of " source criticism ".

In addition to other member churches, the churches of the Anglican Communion are in full communion with the Old Catholic churches of the Union of Utrecht and the Scandinavian Lutheran churches of the Porvoo Communion in Europe, the India-based Mar Thoma and Malabar Independent Syrian churches and the Philippine Independent Church, also known as the Aglipayan Church.

Its first modern incidence in biological warfare were when Scandinavian " freedom fighters " supplied by the German General Staff used anthrax with unknown results against the Imperial Russian Army in Finland in 1916.

In Scandinavian folklore, the creature is said to possess a distinctly human form, with the exception that its head is composed entirely of seaweed.

The Scandinavian languages, by contrast, treat the characters with diacritics ä, ö and å as new and separate letters of the alphabet, and sort them after z.

The Flag of Denmark ( ) is red with a white Scandinavian cross that extends to the edges of the flag ; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side.

While the Scandinavian tradition preserves some evidence of the álfar as skillful supernatural beings with positive connotations, much like the æsir or " gods ", the elves of Anglo-Saxon and continental tradition are almost exclusively presented as mischievous or malevolent beings responsible for misfortune or illness.

In performance, a solo fiddler, or one fiddler or two with a group of other instrumentalists, is the norm, though twin fiddling is represented in some North American, Scandinavian, Scottish and Irish styles.

Cooperation with the other Scandinavian countries also is important to Finland, and it has been a member of the Nordic Council since 1955.

Between 2003 and 2006, in Sweden and the other Scandinavian countries FNC was broadcast 16 hours a day on TV8 ( with Fox News Extra segments replacing U. S. advertising ).

Finland's foreign politics before this deal had been varied: independence from Imperial Russia with support of Imperial Germany in 1917 ; participation in the Russian Civil War ( without official declaration of war ) alongside the Triple Entente 1918 – 1920 ; a non-ratified alliance with Poland in 1922 ; association with the neutralist and democratic Scandinavian countries in the 1930s ended by the Winter War ( 1939 ); and finally in 1940, a rapprochement with Nazi Germany, the only power able to protect Finland against the expansionist Soviet Union, leading to the Continuation War in 1941.

It is widely used in the Afrikaans, Catalan, Czech, Hungarian, Polish, French, Dutch, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Bahasa Indonesia, Scandinavian and German languages, with the same meaning.

* Rinkball is a Scandinavian team sport, played in an ice hockey rink with a ball.

" Dickson-Wright further cites etymologist Walter William Skeat as further suggestion of possible Scandinavian origins: Skeat claimed that the hag – element of the word is derived from the Old Norse haggw or the Old Icelandic hoggva ( höggva in modern Icelandic ), meaning ' to hew ' or strike with a sharp weapon, relating to the chopped-up contents of the dish.

The first Scandinavian documents mentioning a " land of the Finns " are two runestones: ( Söderby, Sweden, with the inscription finlont ( U 582 †), Gotland with the inscription finlandi ( G 319 M ) dating from the 11th century.

Among his diplomatic achievements were treaties of reciprocity with a number of nations, including Denmark, Mexico, the Hanseatic League, the Scandinavian countries, Prussia and Austria.

Legal realism was a view popular with some Scandinavian and American writers.

He also described his impressions of Italian and Scandinavian travel, interspersing his more general observations with linguistic details, as is the case in all his works.

Still others maintain it is of generic Germanic origin, not necessarily Scandinavian, comparing it with the German Knute, Dutch knoet ( both meaning knout ) and with Old Norse knutr, Anglo-Saxon cnotta and English knot.

Germany accounts for the largest-single grouping of banks, with Scandinavian, Japanese, and major U. S. banks also heavily represented.

The Scandinavian nations, especially Sweden, insisted that their long-standing trading relationships with the Eastern bloc nations not be disrupted and that their neutrality not be infringed.