His father, George A. Mercer, was descended from an honored Southern family that could trace its ancestry back to one Hugh Mercer, who had emigrated from Scotland in 1747.

Blenheim was followed in rapid succession by Ramillies And The Union With Scotland and by The Peace And The Protestant Succession, the three forming together a detailed picture of England under Queen Anne.

But Edward was invading Scotland for precisely the same reason, and his insubordinate vassal was the ally of the king of France.

Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

In An Autobiography Christie admits, " I was still writing in the Sherlock Holmes tradition – eccentric detective, stooge assistant, with a Lestrade-type Scotland Yard detective, Inspector Japp ".

He was born in Logierait, Perthshire, Scotland to Alexander Mackenzie Sr. and Mary Stewart Fleming.

Under instructions from the emperor, he undertook an invasion of southern Scotland, winning some significant victories, and constructing the Antonine Wall from the Firth of Forth to the Firth of Clyde, although it was soon abandoned for reasons that are still not quite clear.

There is no distinction made in Scotland between assault and battery ( which is not a term used in Scots law ), although, as in England and Wales, assault can be occasioned without a physical attack on another's person, as demonstrated in Atkinson v. HM Advocate wherein the accused was found guilty of assaulting a shop assistant by simply jumping over a counter wearing a ski mask.

On 8 November 1576, midwife Bessie Dunlop, resident in Dalry, Scotland, was accused of sorcery and witchcraft.

On the death of Edgar in 1107 he succeeded to the Scottish crown ; but, in accordance with Edgar's instructions, their brother David was granted an appanage in southern Scotland.

Andrew of Wyntoun's Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland says that Alexander was holding court at Invergowrie when he was attacked by " men of the Isles ".

However, in 1116 the Annals of Ulster report: " Ladhmann son of Domnall, grandson of the king of Scotland, was killed by the men of Moray.

The death of Alexander and the subsequent period of instability in Scotland was lamented in an early Scots poem recorded by Andrew of Wyntoun in his Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland.

The son of a shoemaker and tanner in Lower Largo, Fife, Scotland, Selkirk was born in 1676.

Fleming was born on 6 August 1881 at Lochfield, a farm near Darvel, in Ayrshire, Scotland.

Fleming's Nobel Prize medal was acquired by the National Museums of Scotland in 1989 and is on display after the museum re-opened in 2011.

Carnegie was born in Dunfermline, Scotland, and emigrated to the United States with his parents in 1848.

Andrew Carnegie was born in Dunfermline, Scotland, in a typical weaver's cottage with only one main room consisting of half the ground floor which was shared with the neighboring weaver's family.

The Trust was funded by a gift of $ 10 million ( a then unprecedented sum: at the time, total government assistance to all four Scottish universities was about £ 50, 000 a year ) and its aim was to improve and extend the opportunities for scientific research in the Scottish universities and to enable the deserving and qualified youth of Scotland to attend a university.

The Declaration made a number of much-debated rhetorical points: that Scotland had always been independent, indeed for longer than England ; that Edward I of England had unjustly attacked Scotland and perpetrated atrocities ; that Robert the Bruce had delivered the Scottish nation from this peril ; and, most controversially, that the independence of Scotland was the prerogative of the Scottish people, rather than the King of Scots.

In 2009, the proportion of pupils in education at independent schools was 24. 2 %, far above the national average of just over 4 % and higher than in any other region of Scotland.

With all the main parties committed to the Union, new nationalist and independent political groupings began to emerge, including the National Party of Scotland in 1928 and Scottish Party in 1930.

They joined to form the Scottish National Party ( SNP ) in 1934, with the goal of creating an independent Scotland, but it enjoyed little electoral success in the Westminster system.

* 1328 – Wars of Scottish Independence end: Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton – the Kingdom of England recognises the Kingdom of Scotland as an independent state.

The UK is a unitary state formed initially by the merger of two independent kingdoms, the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, but the Treaty of Union ( 1707 ) that set out the agreed terms has ensured the continuation of distinct features of each state, including separate legal systems and separate national churches.

The Welsh could also count on semi-official fraternal aid from their fellow Celts in the then independent Brittany and Scotland.

He settled a controversy with King William I of Scotland concerning the choice of the archbishop of St. Andrews, and on 13 March 1188 removed the Scottish church from the legatine jurisdiction of the Archbishop of York, thus making it independent of all save Rome.

In May 1328 King Edward III of England signed the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, which recognised Scotland as an independent kingdom, and Bruce as its king.

It is also committed to an independent Scotland being a full member state of the European Union, to the country joining the Euro currency at the appropriate exchange rate both of which are not guaranteed but rather subject to negotiation should the country become independent.

Many SNP members are republicans, however, and both the party student and youth wings are expressly so. However, the current stance of the SNP is that an independent Scotland would retain the monarchy which it currently has as part of the United Kingdom.

Although now a single kingdom, certain aspects of the former independent kingdoms remained separate, in line with the terms in the Treaty of Union: Scottish and English law remained separate, as did the Presbyterian Church of Scotland and the Anglican Church of England.

* May 1 – Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton: England recognises Scotland as an independent nation after the Wars of Scottish Independence.

However, in the 1650s, following Cromwell's adventures in Ireland, and his attempt to force his protectorship on independent Scotland, Irish prisoners-of-war ( POW ) and ethnically-cleansed civilians, and smaller numbers of Scots POWs, were also sent to Bermuda.

At the end of both wars, Scotland retained its status as an independent nation.

By the end of the campaign, Scotland was independent and remained thus, until the unification of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland to create the single Kingdom of Great Britain was completed in the Treaty of Union of 1707.

The earliest Welsh genealogies give Maximus the role of founding father for several royal dynasties, including those of Powys and Gwent, a role he also played for the rulers of medieval Galloway in Scotland, home to the Roman-era Novantae whose territory was also made independent of Roman rule by Maximus.

The other was William Patten, who states that both he and Cecil began to write independent accounts of the campaign, and that Cecil generously contributed his notes for Patten's narrative of the Expedition into Scotland.

France, Poland, Hungary, Portugal, Scotland, Castile, Aragon, Navarre, Sicily and Cyprus were independent kingdoms, as was England, whose Plantagenet kings ruled large domains in France.

* King Creosote, is a nickname of an independent singer-songwriter from Fife, Scotland.

The original Parliament of Scotland ( or " Estates of Scotland ") was the national legislature of the independent Kingdom of Scotland and existed from the early thirteenth century until the Kingdom of Scotland merged with the Kingdom of England under the Acts of Union 1707 to form the Kingdom of Great Britain.

Of visitors from outside Scotland, 15 % of those who saw Braveheart said it influenced their decision to visit the country.

The Shetland Amenity Trust lists about 120 sites in Shetland as candidate brochs, while The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historic Monuments of Scotland identifies a total of 571 candidate broch sites throughout the country.

In individual competition, the UK is often divided by subnational country ( England, Scotland, Wales and so on.

When Mary returned to Scotland in 1561 to take up the reins of power, the country had an established Protestant church and was run by a council of Protestant nobles supported by Elizabeth.

: very knowing in the laws and constitution of his country and is believed to be the solidest statesman in Scotland, a fine orator, speaks slow but sure.

Although Scotland and England had both rejected papal authority, the Reformation in each country proceeded in slightly different directions.

The Covenanters meanwhile, were left governing Scotland, where they raised a large army of their own and tried to impose their religious settlement on Episcopalians and Roman Catholics in the north of the country.

In 1878, despite opposition, a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical hierarchy was restored to the country, and Catholicism became a significant denomination within Scotland.

While emigration began to tail off in England and Wales after the First World War, it continued apace in Scotland, with 400, 000 Scots, ten per cent of the population, estimated to have left the country between 1921 and 1931.

It can easily be made in any country, but is sometimes imported from Scotland.

In chapter 8, Octa surrenders to Aurelius and Aurelius grants Octa, Eosa, " and the rest that fled " the " country bordering upon Scotland, and made a firm covenant with them.

They differ from the other cycles in the strength of their links with the Irish-speaking community in Scotland and there are many extant Fenian texts from that country.

Malcolm, now the King of Scotland, declares his benevolent intentions for the country and invites all to see him crowned at Scone.

Also, the predominantly Calvinist country of Scotland did not enjoy the same economic growth as the Netherlands, England and New England.

To get this country south of Britain to conform to Strabo's interpretation of Pytheas, Ptolemy has to rotate Scotland by 90 °.

Copyright under the Statute applied to Scotland and England, as well as Ireland when that country joined the union in 1800.

A few years later, the Kingdom of Scotland agreed to accept the Hanoverian succession for the new single throne of a new country, the Kingdom of Great Britain that Scotland and England had agreed to unite as, and which came into being under the Acts of Union, 1707.

A daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine, and Elizabeth Stuart, also known as the " Winter King and Queen of Bohemia " for their short rule in that country, Sophia was born in The Wassenaer Hof, The Hague, Dutch Republic, where her parents fled into exile after the Battle of White Mountain. She was also the granddaughter of James VI of Scotland., At birth, Sophia was granted an annuity of 40 thalers by the Estates of Friesland.

Scott's orchestration of King George IV's visit to Scotland, in 1822 was a pivotal event intended to inspire a view of his home country that, in his view, accentuated the positive aspects of the past while allowing the age of quasi-mediaeval blood-letting to be put to rest and the envisioning of a more useful, hopefully peaceful future.

Scottish may refer to something of, from, or related to Scotland, a country in northern Europe, part of the United Kingdom since 1707.

In England some early lines in colliery ( coal mining ) areas in the northeast of the country were built to a gauge of ; and in Scotland some early lines were ( Scotch gauge ).

There was no catastrophic epidemic or famine in England or Scotland in the 19th century – it was the first century in which a major epidemic did not occur throughout the whole country, with deaths per 1000 of population per year in England and Wales dropping from 21. 9 from 1848 – 54 to 17 in 1901 ( contrasting with, for instance, 5. 4 in 1971 ).