He joined Caltech alumnus William Shockley at the Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory division of Beckman Instruments, but left with the " traitorous eight ", when Sherman Fairchild agreed to back them and created the influential Fairchild Semiconductor corporation.

Shockley and Mally are then pursued across the open country with no official assistance and with the police force regarding them as fugitives.

They eventually run into a gang of bikers whom Shockley threatens with his gun sending them on their way, steals one of their choppers and takes off on it with Mally.

The two ride into a town where Shockley and Mally are ambushed by a helicopter filled with cops sent by corrupt Commissioner Blakelock who pursue the two away from the town and onto the open road, firing at them from above.

Graham's initial attempts to recruit Nobel laureates who lived near the Repository yielded only three volunteers, Shockley among them ; however, when the news media began reporting on the existence and intentions of the Repository, two of the laureates broke off their ties to Graham and did not donate.

He joined William Shockley at the Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory, a division of Beckman Instruments, but left with the " traitorous eight " in 1957, upon having issues with respect to the quality of its management, and co-founded the influential Fairchild Semiconductor corporation.

In 1957, he and seven colleagues ( the " Fairchild eight ", whom Shockley dubbed the " traitorous eight ") left to found Fairchild Semiconductor, which most historians mark as the first major spin-off of what later was called Silicon Valley.

The traitorous eight, as they became known, are eight men who left Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory to form Fairchild Semiconductor in 1957.

There is no record of Shockley ever using the term " traitorous eight ," and his wife denied that he ever used it.

He joined the seminal Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory division of Beckman Instruments in Mountain View, California, but left the company along with other members of the " traitorous eight " with the backing of Sherman Fairchild to form the influential Fairchild Semiconductor corporation.

He worked at the Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory division of Beckman Instruments, and left the company along with the rest of what Shockley termed the " traitorous eight " to form the influential Fairchild Semiconductor corporation.

Initially a researcher at SRI International, he worked at the seminal Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory of Beckman Instruments, and then left with other disgruntled members of the " traitorous eight " to create the influential Fairchild Semiconductor corporation.

Julius Blank ( June 2, 1925 – September 17, 2011 ) was a semiconductor pioneer and a member of the so-called " traitorous eight " associated with Nobel-winning physicist William Shockley.

He worked at the seminal Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory division of Beckman Instruments, until he and the other disgruntled members of what the controversial Dr. Shockley labeled the " traitorous eight " left to form the influential Fairchild Semiconductor corporation.

In 1957, the company was approached by members of the " traitorous eight " to rescue the group from the authoritarian regime of William Shockley.

Essentially, Silicon Valley began as 65 new enterprises born out of Shockley ’ s eight former employees.

Only a year later, the staff of eight engineers decided to leave Shockley and form their own company.

Other terms include the " Fairchild eight " and the " Shockley eight.

The eight employees went to Arnold Beckman and asked him to replace Shockley.

Shockley returned for the ninth game of the season on November 12 against the Auburn Tigers, but despite playing very well, completing 20-of-36 passes for 304 yards and two touchdowns and running eight times for another 40 yards, Georgia lost the game 31 – 30 on a last-second field goal to fall to 7 – 2 on the season.

Despite the loss, Shockley had an excellent performance throwing for 277 yards ( on 20 completions in 33 attempts ) and three touchdowns while running for 71 yards on eight carries.

The field-effect transistor was first patented by Julius Edgar Lilienfeld in 1925 and by Oskar Heil in 1934, but practical semi-conducting devices ( the JFET ) were only developed much later after the transistor effect was observed and explained by the team of William Shockley at Bell Labs in 1947.

Looking back in advance of the award ceremony, Blank said difficulties had accelerated when Shockley won the Nobel Prize: "' He would travel a lot and every time he came back, he would change direction ,' Blank said.

Well-known people who have lived in and around Selma include 19th-century inventors Frank Dusy, Abijah McCall and William Deidrick ; the poets William Everson ( Brother Antoninus, 1912 – 94 ) and Larry Levis ( 1946 – 96 ); William R. Shockley ( 1918 – 1945, recipient of the Congressional Medal of Honor in World War II ; author-historian Victor Davis Hanson ( 1953-); and Atlanta Braves manager Bobby Cox ( 1941-).

A few years later, Shockley recruited Hoerni to work with him at the newly founded Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory division of Beckman Instruments in Mountain View, California.

Noted authors who have been associated with the conference over the years include Lucille Clifton, Galway Kinnell, Sharon Olds, Robert Hass, Brenda Hillman, Dean Young, Selden Edwards, Evie Shockley, Cornelius Eady, Yusef Komunyakaa, Kevin Young, Li-Young Lee, Michael Chabon, Richard Ford, Amy Tan, Robert Stone, Alice Sebold, Janet Fitch, Kris Saknussemm, Ayelet Waldman, Louis B. Jones, Jay Gummerman, Jamie Ford, and Meg Waite Clayton.

Looking back in advance of the award ceremony, Last said of the departure from Shockley: "' It wasn ’ t scary.

The invention of the transistor in 1947 by William B. Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain opened the door for more compact devices and led to the development of the integrated circuit in 1958 by Jack Kilby and independently in 1959 by Robert Noyce.

File: Bardeen. jpg | John Bardeen ( 1908 – 1991 ): awarded Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956 with William Shockley and Walter Brattain for the invention of the transistor and again in 1972 with Leon Cooper and John Robert Schrieffer for a fundamental theory of conventional superconductivity known as the BCS theory.

Robert Noyce independently came up with the idea of a tunnel diode while working for William Shockley, but was discouraged from pursuing it.

* Two Young Men Who Went West – profiles of Robert Noyce and William Shockley ; especially comparing Noyce, founder of Intel and a graduate of Grinnell College, with Josiah Grinnell, its founder.

* In the 2011 British comedy film On the Ropes, writer and director Mark Noyce added a scene in homage to his idol Bruce Lee which featured Mick Western ( played by Ben Shockley ) wearing a yellow tracksuit.

Band structure calculations was first used in 1930 to predict the properties of new materials, and in 1947 John Bardeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley developed the first semiconductor-based transistor, heralding a revolution in electronics.

* 1947 – William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain build the first practical point-contact transistor.

From the Shockley ideal diode equation given above, it might appear that the voltage has a positive temperature coefficient ( at a constant current ), but usually the variation of the reverse saturation current term is more significant than the variation in the thermal voltage term.

* 1910 – William Shockley, British-American physicist and eugenicist, Nobel Laureate ( d. 1989 )

Bardeen first heard the news that the Nobel Prize in Physics had been awarded to him, Brattain and Shockley when he was making breakfast and listening to the radio on the morning of Thursday, November 1, 1956.

Bardeen, Brattain and Shockley received their awards that night from King Gustaf VI Adolf and then adjourned for a great banquet in their honor.

* 1948 – William Shockley files the original patent for the grown junction transistor, the first bipolar junction transistor.

* 1951 – William Shockley announces the invention of the junction transistor.

He left in 1956 for the Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory in Mountain View, California.

Jensen's work, publicized by the Nobel laureate physicist William Shockley, sparked controversy amongst the academic community and student protests.

" Terman encouraged William B. Shockley, co-inventor of the transistor, to return to his hometown of Palo Alto.

In 1956 he established the Shockley Transistor Laboratory.

During 1955-85, solid state technology research and development at Stanford University followed three waves of industrial innovation made possible by support from private corporations, mainly Bell Telephone Laboratories, Shockley Semiconductor, Fairchild Semiconductor, and Xerox PARC.

At Bell Labs, William Shockley and A. Holden started investigating solid-state amplifiers in 1938.

Solid State Physics Group leader William Shockley saw the potential in this, and over the next few months worked to greatly expand the knowledge of semiconductors.

According to Lillian Hoddeson and Vicki Daitch, authors of a biography of John Bardeen, Shockley had proposed that Bell Labs ' first patent for a transistor should be based on the field-effect and that he be named as the inventor.