Effects unit # Stompboxes | Signal chain order: Electronic tuner | tuner, Dynamic range compression | compressor, pitch shift | octave generator, wah-wah pedal, distortion ( music ) | overdrive, distortion ( music ) | distortion, fuzzbox | fuzz, equalization ( audio ) | EQ and tremolo.

* Signal and image compression

* Signal compression, including audio compression, image compression, and video compression.

* Signal compression

Signal compression is usually expressed in dB.

Signal compression is usually accomplished by separate devices called " compressors.

Signal compression ( in dB ) may be a linear or nonlinear function of the signal level across the frequency band of interest and may be essentially instantaneous or have fixed or variable delay times.

Signal compression always introduces distortion, which is usually not objectionable, if the compression is limited to a few dB.

Many techniques — such as carrier recovery, clock recovery, bit slip, frame synchronization, rake receiver, pulse compression, Received Signal Strength Indication, error detection and correction, etc.

* 1924 – The Royal Greenwich Observatory begins broadcasting the hourly time signals known as the Greenwich Time Signal or the " BBC pips ".

* 1946 – The United States Army Signal Corps successfully conducts Project Diana, bouncing radio waves off the moon and receiving the reflected signals.

* 1914 – The U. S. Congress forms the Aviation Section, U. S. Signal Corps, giving definite status to aircraft within the U. S. Army for the first time.

* 1762 – Seven Years War: Battle of Signal Hill.

* Signal – The Southeast Electronic Music Festival, an annual music festival held in the United States

* May 21 – Army Aviation Section separated from Signal Corps and divided into the Division of Military Aeronautics and the Bureau of Aircraft Production.

* February 9 – The Army Weather Bureau ( within the Army Signal Corps ) is created.

* September 15 – Battle of Signal Hill: British troops defeat the French.

* QRSS ( Quasi Random Signal Source ) – A pseudorandom binary sequencer which generates every combination of a 20-bit word, repeats every 1, 048, 575 bits, and suppresses consecutive zeros to no more than 14.

* Jan Koniarek, Polish Air Force 1939 – 1945, Squadron / Signal Publications, 1994, ISBN 978-0-89747-324-8.

Frequency response is typically 40 Hz – 5 kHz with a 50 dB Signal to noise ( S / N ) ratio.

2ID units stationed there included: HQ 2d BCT, 2nd ID ; 2 – 17th Field Artillery ; 1 – 9th Infantry ; 44th Engineer Battalion ; Company A, 102d Military Intelligence Battalion ; Company B, 122d Signal Battalion, and Company C ( Medical ), 2d Forward Support Battalion.

* Brain Signal Frequency ( Beta, Alpha, Theta, Delta ) ranging from 4 – 8 Hz.

* Westinghouse Brake and Signal Company Ltd ( 1928 – c. 2000 )

* S. Chu and C. Burrus, " A prime factor FTT < nowiki ></ nowiki > algorithm using distributed arithmetic ," IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 30 ( 2 ), 217 – 227 ( 1982 ).

* Braindamage – Signal de Revolta ( 1992 )

" IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, v. ASSP-34 ( 3 ), pp. 470 – 478.

He served in the United States Army Signal Corps 1954 – 1955.

* S. Chu and C. Burrus, " A prime factor FTT < nowiki ></ nowiki > algorithm using distributed arithmetic ," IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing 30 ( 2 ), 217 – 227 ( 1982 ).

* Albert J. Myer ( 1828 – 1880 ), United States Army general, known as the father of the Signal Corps.

** Chief Marshal or Marshal of a Troop Arm was used in five Soviet military branches – the Air Force, Artillery, Armoured Troops, Engineer Troops, and Signal Troops.

Signal ( information theory ) –

Signal processing gain –

* flac – File format for the Free Lossless Audio Codec, a lossless compression codec.

* mpc-Musepack or MPC ( formerly known as MPEGplus, MPEG + or MP +) is an open source lossy audio codec, specifically optimized for transparent compression of stereo audio at bitrates of 160 – 180 kbit / s.

His first " continuous tension – discontinuous compression " geodesic dome ( full sphere in this case ) was constructed at the University of Oregon Architecture School in 1959 with the help of students.

These continuous tension – discontinuous compression structures featured single force compression members ( no flexure or bending moments ) that did not touch each other and were ' suspended ' by the tensional members.

A codec ( the program ) should not be confused with a coding or compression format or standard – a format is a document ( the standard ), a way of storing data, while a codec is a program ( an implementation ) which can read or write such files.

Due to engine knocking ( detonation ), the compression ratio in a gasoline or petrol-powered engine will usually not be much higher than 10: 1, although some production automotive engines built for high-performance from 1955 – 1972 had compression ratios as high as 13. 0: 1, which could run safely on the high-octane leaded gasoline then available.

The Lempel – Ziv ( LZ ) compression methods are among the most popular algorithms for lossless storage.

The theoretical background of compression is provided by information theory ( which is closely related to algorithmic information theory ) for lossless compression, and by rate – distortion theory for lossy compression.

Compression ratios are around 50 – 60 % of original size, similar to those for generic lossless data compression.

* Replacing a Dictionary with a Square Root – suggestions for compressing GIFs without using LZW compression

If we compress data in a manner that assumes q ( X ) is the distribution underlying some data, when, in reality, p ( X ) is the correct distribution, the Kullback – Leibler divergence is the number of average additional bits per datum necessary for compression.

This division of coding theory into compression and transmission is justified by the information transmission theorems, or source – channel separation theorems that justify the use of bits as the universal currency for information in many contexts.

JPEG standards are formally named as Information technology – Digital compression and coding of continuous-tone still images.

More generally, lossy compression can be thought of as an application of transform coding – in the case of multimedia data, perceptual coding: it transforms the raw data to a domain that more accurately reflects the information content.

While data reduction ( compression, be it lossy or lossless ) is a main goal of transform coding, it also allows other goals: one may represent data more accurately for the original amount of space – for example, in principle, if one starts with an analog or high-resolution digital master, an MP3 file of a given size should provide a better representation than a raw uncompressed audio in WAV or AIFF file of the same size.

This is because these types of data are intended for human interpretation where the mind can easily " fill in the blanks " or see past very minor errors or inconsistencies – ideally lossy compression is transparent ( imperceptible ), which can be verified via an ABX test.

* Burrows – Wheeler transform ( block sorting preprocessing that makes compression more efficient )

; Part 2: Video – compression codec for interlaced and non-interlaced video signals ( Also known as ITU-T Rec.

; Part 3: Audio – compression codec for perceptual coding of audio signals.

* anti-inflammatory medication such as ibuprofen or aspirin can be used as part of treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis along with graduated compression hosiery – but there is a risk of intestinal bleeding.

* Lossy data compression – Data compression with loss of information