( Since the time-span of the nation-state coincides roughly with the separate existence of the United States as an independent entity, it is perhaps natural for Americans to think of the nation as representative of the highest form of order, something permanent and unchanging.

The number of neutrons, N, is known as the neutron number of the atom ; thus, A = Z + N. Since protons and neutrons have approximately the same mass ( and the mass of the electrons is negligible for many purposes ), and the mass defect is usually very small compared to the mass, the atomic mass of an atom is roughly equal to A.

Since the Earth could be expected to have roughly the same cratering rate as the Moon, it became clear that the Earth had suffered far more impacts than could be seen by counting evident craters.

Since the stopping force F times that distance must be equal to the head's kinetic energy, it follows that F will be much greater than the original driving force f — roughly, by a factor D / d.

Since propellant typically represents the majority of the takeoff weight of a rocket, HOTOL was to be considerably smaller than normal pure-rocket designs, roughly the size of a medium-haul airliner such as the McDonnell Douglas DC-9 / MD-80.

Since Seychelles ' independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level.

Since more massive stars use their fusion fuel more quickly than smaller ones, Vega's main sequence lifetime is roughly one billion years, a tenth of our Sun's.

Since the molar volume of gases is very roughly 1000 times that of solids and liquids, this results in a factor of about 1000 loss in volumetric heat capacity for gases, as compared with liquids and solids.

Since 1961 David Sutherland has drawn the strip, and has drawn roughly 2100 strips.

Since the county is roughly equidistant between Charleston and Huntington, the state's two largest cities, along Interstate 64, the area has undergone a period of rapid suburbanization.

Since its initial discovery in 1958, the southern limits of the SAA have remained roughly constant while a long-term expansion has been measured to the northwest, the north, the northeast, and the east.

Since the equator is so close, the rainforests in Malaysia are among the oldest in the world: roughly 130 million years old.

Since the 1960s Slippery Rock has been well served by the Interstate Highway system as Interstate 79 ( North-South ) and Interstate 80 ( East-West ) cross roughly 10 miles away.

Since the advent of organized Matchbox collectors ' clubs ( see below, " Matchbox collectors "), models and their variations have been coded and catalogued, and values have been roughly established.

Since the market downturn of late 2008 a number of fixed income ETFs have traded at premiums of roughly 2 % to 3 % above their NAV.

Since then, the combined traffic volume of the for has remained roughly constant.

Since the Middle Ages, the town has been roughly divided by the four City Gates.

Since the length of an engine is roughly proportional to the number of cylinders in one bank ( plus the width of one connecting rod in a " V " engine ), the straight-six is necessarily longer than alternative layouts such as L4, V6, or V8.

Since then the festival has been held roughly every two years, being held in Bradford in November 2007 and 2009.

Since 2003, he has served as the Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China, a position which is roughly equivalent to that of a Speaker of a legislative assembly.

Since wheat typically contains about 14 percent protein, roughly 86 percent of the original wheat flour may be disposed of or used as stock for soups.

Since U. S. saving rates were very low ( roughly one-third of Japan's ,) the deficit was mostly covered by borrowing from abroad, turning the United States within a few years from the world's greatest creditor nation to the world's greatest debtor.

Since the 1890s there has been a large concentration roughly from 10th Street to 5th Street, between 3rd Avenue and Avenue A.

Since ETC interactions generate and the coupling of technipions to quark and lepton pairs, one expects the couplings to be Higgs-like ; i. e., roughly proportional to the masses of the quarks and leptons.

Since 2 October 1944, the 30th Infantry Division suffered roughly 3, 000 men killed and wounded, while the 1st Infantry Division took at least 1, 350 casualties ( 150 killed and 1, 200 wounded ).

Since accurate base maps are necessary for any planning program, the first step taken by the planning division to implement the long-range state plan has been to prepare two series of base maps -- one at a scale of 1 inch to a mile, and the second a series of 26 sheets at a scale of 1 inch to 2000 feet, covering the entire state.

Since 2000, there have also been complete recordings issued or re-issued of the operas Axur Re d ' Ormus, Falstaff, Les Danaïdes, La Locandiera, La grotta di Trofonio, Prima la musica e poi le parole and Il mondo alla rovescia.

* Since 2000, with name-brand computer sales in decline, anime shops have arisen in their place, selling to the otaku crowd.

His folksy manner led him to be nicknamed " Bubba ", especially in the Southern U. S. Since 2000, he has frequently been referred to as " The Big Dog " or " Big Dog.

Since the launch of Breakfast in 2000, the programme has been simulcast on both BBC One and BBC News, replacing the individual breakfast news programmes that had been run by both channels.

Since 2000, the Einstein Papers Project has been located at Caltech.

Since then they have had four separate periods in the top flight of English football: between 1936 – 1957, 1986 – 1990, 1998 – 1999 and 2000 – 2007.

Since then, the Presario was rebranded under HP's laptop computer line as the HP 2000 series.

Since 2000, with a struggling Gateway was taken over by eMachines, this left only Dell as Compaq's major competitor, however Dell became the number one supplier of PCs in 2001.

Since 2000, the pace of structural reforms, including fiscal, monetary policies, privatization and new business legislations, helped Egypt move towards a more market-oriented economy and prompted increased foreign investment.

Since 1993, the Eritrean People ’ s Liberation Front army has been involved in tree planting ; the annual average rate of deforestation during 1990 – 2000 was 0. 3 percent.

** Hays, Samuel P. ' A History of Environmental Politics Since 1945 ( 2000 ), abridged version

Since 2000, the Military has had a sometimes tense relationship with the Qarase government, and has strongly opposed its plans to establish a Commission with the power to compensate victims and pardon perpetrators of the coup.

Since 2000, new information technology and business projects have been fostered in the Faroe Islands to attract new investment.

Since about year 2000, with the power of computers to crunch vast quantities of data, a new career has been invented.

Since about 2000, most of the top 10 women have held the GM title.

Since 2000, individual trampoline has been included in the Olympic Games.

Since then, gubernatorial elections have been offset by two years from U. S. Presidential elections ( e. g., Presidential elections were in 2000 and 2004, gubernatorial elections were in 1998 and 2002 ).

Since the peak of 1980, the nominal GDP of Iraq steadily shrunk to $ 12. 3 billion in 2000.

Since 2000, he has portrayed NYPD Detective Odafin Tutuola on the NBC police drama Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.

Since 2000 he has portrayed Odafin " Fin " Tutuola, a former undercover narcotics officer transferred to the Special Victims Unit.

Since 2000, ICQ and AIM users are able to add each other to their contact list without the need for any external clients.

Since 2000, NTT's ISDN offering have been known as FLET's ISDN, incorporating the " FLET's " brand that NTT uses for all of its ISP offerings.

Since 2000, Jersey's " external personality " has developed, recognised in the preamble to the States of Jersey Law 2005 which refers to " an increasing need for Jersey to participate in matters of international affairs ".

Since the previous census in 2000 the country's population decreased by 309 thousand or 13 %.