Since opposite charges attract via a simple electromagnetic force, the negatively charged electrons that are orbiting the nucleus and the positively charged protons in the nucleus attract each other.

Since such life utilised strong nuclear forces instead of electromagnetic interactions, it was posited that life might function millions of times faster than typical on Earth.

Since such radiation can produce severe damage to life at powers that produce very little heating, it is considered far more dangerous ( in terms of damage-produced per unit of energy, or power ) than the rest of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Since one must consider probabilities that occupy all of phase space equally, the combined system of atom plus electromagnetic field must undergo a transition from electronic excitation to a photonic excitation ; the atom must decay by spontaneous emission.

Since the energy of an X-ray is much greater than that of a valence electron, the scattering may be modeled as Thomson scattering, the interaction of an electromagnetic ray with a free electron.

Since the values for drag are based on relative velocity, using the scoop as a form of electromagnetic sail will provide additional thrust as long as the vessel is travelling at less than 500, 000 m / s away from a star.

Since they exist, we cannot simply ignore them, for once we include the interaction between the electron and the electromagnetic field, any electron placed in a positive-energy eigenstate would decay into negative-energy eigenstates of successively lower energy by emitting excess energy in the form of photons.

Since this is an electromagnetic wave each electric field vector has a corresponding, but not illustrated, magnetic field vector that is at a right angle to the electric field vector and proportional in magnitude to it.

Since electromagnetic radiation is dipole radiation, it is not possible to build an antenna that radiates equally in all directions, although such a hypothetical isotropic antenna is used as a reference to calculate antenna gain.

Since the shields are not perfect conductors, electric fields can exist inside the shield, thus allowing radiating electromagnetic fields to go through the shield.

Since leptons are only sensitive to weak, electromagnetic and gravitational forces, muonic atoms are governed to very high precision by the electromagnetic interaction.

Since with electromagnetic radiation like microwaves frequency is inversely proportional to wavelength, the wavelength of the waves is also affected.

Since these atoms and molecules are composed of charged particles ( protons and electrons ), their movement results in the emission of electromagnetic radiation, which carries energy away from the surface.

Since it is not easy to produce an electromagnetic expression for the railgun force that is both simple and reasonably accurate, most simple railgun analyses actually used a lumped circuit model to describe the relationship between the driving current and the railgun force.

Since the camera is only able to see the electromagnetic radiation that is impossible to detect with the human eye, it will build a picture in the viewer and record a visible picture, usually in a JPG format.

Since the Cooper pair has electric charge, this fermion condensate breaks the electromagnetic gauge symmetry of a superconductor, giving rise to the wonderful electromagnetic properties of such states.

Since the electromagnetic moments of the nucleus depend on the spin of the individual nucleons, one can look at these properties with measurements of nuclear moments, and more specifically the nuclear magnetic dipole moment.

Since the electromagnetic repulsion in compressing an electrically charged mass is dramatically greater than the gravitational attraction ( by about 40 orders of magnitude ), it is not expected that black holes with a significant electric charge will be formed in nature.

Since the interaction of graphene with electromagnetic field is surprisingly strong for a one-atom-thick material, the Casimir effect in the graphene systems is of growing research interest.

Since electromagnetic fields contribute only a traceless term to the stress-energy tensor,

Since the strangeness quantum number is conserved by the strong and electromagnetic interactions, at least hypernuclei containing the lightest hyperon, the Lambda, live long enough to have sharp nuclear energy levels.

Since Claudius ( like most of the members of his dynasty ) heavily criticized his predecessors and relatives in surviving speeches, it is not hard to imagine the nature of Suetonius ' charge.

Since current can be the flow of either positive or negative charges, or both, a convention for the direction of current which is independent of the type of charge carriers is needed.

Since the electrons have a negative charge, they are repelled by the cathode and attracted to the anode.

Since the direction of an electric field is defined as the direction of the force on a positive charge, electric field lines point away from a positive charge and toward a negative charge.

Since large bodies such as planets generally carry no net charge, the electric field at a distance is usually zero.

Since charge is preserved, some vertices still have positive charge.

Since 2008 the Afghan National Security Forces ( ANSF ) are in charge of security in the city.

Since taking over the franchise, Attanasio has worked hard to build bridges with Milwaukee baseball fans, including giving away every seat to the final home game of 2005 free of charge and bringing back the classic " ball and glove " logo of the club's glory days on " Retro Friday " home games, during which they also wear versions of the team's old pinstriped uniforms.

Since the theory of electric charge is dubbed " electrodynamics ", the Greek word " chroma " Χρώμα ( meaning color ) is applied to the theory of color charge, " chromodynamics ".

Since that time, the entity in charge of telecommunication had undergone a number of organizational restructuring changes.

* Since the water molecule is not linear and the oxygen atom has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen atoms, it carries a slight negative charge, whereas the hydrogen atoms are slightly positive.

Since the vacuum offered no medium for an electric fluid to travel, this discovery could only be explained via a particle carrying a negative charge and moving through the vacuum.

Since electromagnetism was known to be a wave generated by a changing electric or magnetic field ( a continuous, wave-like entity itself ) an atomic / particle description of electricity and charge was a non sequitur.

Since the charge gradually leaked away, it was necessary to scan the tube periodically and rewrite every dot ( similar to the memory refresh cycles of DRAM in modern systems ).

Since the force imparted by a magnetic field is proportional to the charge on the particle, and the acceleration is proportional to the force divided by the mass of the particle, the magnets required to contain uranium gas would be impractically large ; most such designs have focussed on fuel cycles that do not depend upon retaining the fuel in the reactor.

Since the current available depends on the state of charge of the dry cell, a multimeter usually has an adjustment for the ohms scale to zero it.

Since this force varies with the position of the charge and by Coloumb's Law it is defined at all points in space, is a continuous function of the charge's position ( x, y, z ).

Since shot noise is a Poisson process due to the finite charge of an electron, one can compute the root mean square current fluctuations as being of a magnitude

Since then, the " Three Eastern Provinces " ( 東三省 ) was officially used by the Qing government in China to refer to this region, and the post of Viceroy of Three Northeast Provinces ( 東三省總督 ) was established to take charge of these provinces.

Since 2000, some major OCR vendors began offering WebOCR & Online software, a number of new entrants companies seized the opportunity to develop innovative Web-based OCR services, some of which are free of charge.

Since Schiele was in charge of the food stores in the camp, he and Edith could enjoy food beyond rations.