Among the Laboratory's current major active projects are the Mars Science Laboratory mission ( which includes the Curiosity rover ), the Cassini – Huygens mission orbiting Saturn, the Mars Exploration Rovers ( Spirit and Opportunity ), the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, the Dawn mission to the dwarf planet Ceres and asteroid Vesta, the Juno spacecraft en route to Jupiter, the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory ( GRAIL ) mission to the Moon, the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array ( NuSTAR ) X-ray telescope, and the Spitzer Space Telescope.

Spectroscopic observation of nova ejecta nebulae has shown that they are enriched in elements such as helium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, neon and magnesium.

Spectroscopic studies are designed so that the radiant energy interacts with specific types of matter.

Spectroscopic observations show that all planetary nebulae are expanding.

Other uses of the term parallax in astronomy, with different meanings are the Photometric parallax method, Spectroscopic parallax, and Dynamical parallax.

Spectroscopic analysis of HD 209458 b, an extrasolar planet in this constellation has provided the first evidence of atmospheric water vapor beyond the solar system, while extrasolar planets orbiting the star HR 8799 also in Pegasus are the first to be directly imaged.

Spectroscopic observations of their doppler shifts indicate velocities of several hundred kilometres per second, but the emission lines in the spectra of HH objects are too weak to have been formed in such high speed collisions.

Spectroscopic observations of HH objects show they are moving away from the source stars at speeds of 100 to 1000 km / s.

Spectroscopic analysis has shown that some of these asteroids are now located in the 9 / 4 mean-motion resonance with Jupiter.

) in chemistry, and a Ph. D. in the same subject for a thesis entitled " A Spectroscopic Study of some Chalcogenide Ring and Cage Molecules ".

* David D. Laws, Hans-Marcus L. Bitter, and Alexej Jerschow, " Solid-State NMR Spectroscopic Methods in Chemistry ", Angewandte Chemie International Edition ( engl.

Spectroscopic studies revealed absorption lines in the Jovian spectrum due to diatomic sulfur ( S < sub > 2 </ sub >) and carbon disulfide ( CS < sub > 2 </ sub >), the first detection of either in Jupiter, and only the second detection of S < sub > 2 </ sub > in any astronomical object.

Spectroscopic estimates of Rigel's distance place its distance between, while Hipparcos < nowiki >'</ nowiki > s measurement of its parallax gives a distance of, with a margin of error of about 9 %.

* H. G. Tompkins and W. A. McGahan, Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and Reflectometry, John Wiley & Sons Inc ( 1999 ) ISBN 0-471-18172-2

* H. Fujiwara, Spectroscopic Ellipsometry: Principles and Applications, John Wiley & Sons Inc ( 2007 ), ISBN 0-470-01608-6

Spectroscopic data is often represented by a spectrum, a plot of the response of interest as a function of wavelength or frequency.

Spectroscopic binaries can be found by observing doppler shifts in the spectrum of the star and its close companion.

* Spectroscopic analysis during heating resulted in shining bands unknown previously in the visible spectrum.

Spectroscopic analysis of Mars ' atmosphere began in earnest in 1894, when U. S. astronomer William Wallace Campbell showed that neither water nor oxygen were present in the Martian atmosphere.

Spectroscopic studies have shown that the family members span a noticeable range of compositions, although all remain within the S spectral class.

Spectroscopic examination of the energy states in the outflow of matter from the companion star suggest that it is about 224 AU behind the primary, giving a combined separation of about 574 AU.

Spectroscopic analysis is commonly carried out in solutions but solids and gases may also be studied.

* Kodak Spectroscopic Plate Type 649-F is specified with a resolving power of 2000 lines / mm.

It is derived in part by the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera ( HRSC ) and the Rosetta Optical, Spectroscopic and Infrared Remote Imaging System ( OSIRIS ).

Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager ( RHESSI, or more rarely Explorer 81 or originally High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager or HESSI ) is the sixth mission in the line of NASA Small Explorer missions ( also known as SMEX ).

Spectroscopic observations with ground-based telescopes have shown that I Zwicky 18 is almost exclusively composed of hydrogen and helium, the main ingredients created in the Big Bang.

The Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer ( MUSE ) is a second generation instrument in development for the Very Large Telescope ( VLT ) of the European Southern Observatory ( ESO ).

Spectroscopic observations show that its spectral type is G7 or G8, which means its temperature is about 5, 000 K. Its mass is thought to be roughly the same as the Sun's, although its estimated age of 7. 7 billion years is rather older than the Sun's 4. 6 billion years, and it is thought to be beginning to evolve away from the main sequence, having consumed almost all the hydrogen in its core in nuclear fusion reactions.

Spectroscopic observers found that ammonia and carbon disulfide persisted in the atmosphere for at least fourteen months after the collisions, with a considerable amount of ammonia being present in the stratosphere as opposed to its normal location in the troposphere.

" Among the " most conspicuous events " in the department, " we acted as host " to meetings of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Physical Society, and a national Spectroscopic Conference, where " the main topic was relation to biology and related fields.

" Spectroscopic Work for Classes in Astronomy "," The Use of Photographs in Teaching Astronomy ",

* Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer, instrument being developed for the Very Large Telescope

Spectroscopic ellipsometry in the near infrared, visible up to ultraviolet spectral region studies the refractive index in the transparency or below-band-gap region and electronic properties, for instance, band-to-band transitions or excitons.

Spectroscopic in situ ellipsometers use multichannel detectors, for instance CCD detectors, which measure the ellipsometric parameters for all wavelengths in the studied spectral range simultaneously.

CGRO recorded only about 77 events in 10 years ; however, more recently the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager ( RHESSI ) spacecraft, as reported by David Smith of UC Santa Cruz, has been observing TGFs at a much higher rate, indicating that these occur about 50 times per day globally ( still a very small fraction of the total lightning on the planet ).

Spectroscopic ellipsometry ( SE ) employs broad band light sources, which cover a certain spectral range in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet spectral region.

In addition to archiving and storing HST science data, STScI holds data from 13 other missions including the International Ultraviolet Explorer ( IUE ), the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer ( EUVE ), the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer ( FUSE ), and the Galaxy Evolution Explorer ( GALEX ).

Spectroscopic observations thus showed that planetary nebulae consisted largely of extremely rarefied ionised oxygen gas ( OIII ).

Spectroscopic observations suggested that Io's surface was devoid of water ice ( a substance found to be plentiful on the other Galilean satellites ).

The galaxy has been studied with most of NASA's telescopes, including the Spitzer Space Telescope, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer ( FUSE ).

Fourth, the two indicators are for the most part widely separated chronologically, with the extensive age gap occurring during childhood for all but one growth center.

Such an indicator, or indicators, are needed as means of recognizing specific periods of delay in skeletal developmental progress.

The Mecholyl and noradrenalin tests applied with certain precautions are reliable indicators of this central autonomic balance, but for the sake of correlating autonomic and clinical states, and of studying the effect of certain therapeutic procedures on central autonomic reactions, additional tests seem to be desirable.

Some of the classic indicators, as described by Drs. Pittenger, Hockett, and Danehy in The First Five Minutes, are these: ambiguity of pronouns:

With their often complex reproductive needs and permeable skins, amphibians are often ecological indicators and in recent decades there has been a dramatic decline in amphibian populations of many species around the globe.

With their complex reproductive needs and permeable skins, amphibians are often considered to be ecological indicators.

Moreover, the physical changes occurred to the breasts usually are recorded in the stretch marks of the skin envelope ; they are historical indicators of the increments and the decrements of the size and the volume of a woman ’ s breasts throughout the course of her life.

Canadian Government policies such as ; publicly funded health care, higher and more progressive taxation, outlawing capital punishment, strong efforts to eliminate poverty, an emphasis on cultural diversity, and most recently legalizing same-sex marriage – are social indicators of Canada's political and cultural values.

Many informal intoxication tests exist, which are generally unreliable and not recommended as deterrents to excessive intoxication or as indicators of the safety of activities such as motor vehicle driving, heavy equipment operation, machine tool use, etc.

They are also used as pH indicators and as biological stains.

Populations and species migration, for example, are sensitive indicators of ecosystem services that sustain and contribute natural capital toward the well-being of humanity.

There are several indicators of fax capabilities: Group, class, data transmission rate, and conformance with ITU-T ( formerly CCITT ) recommendations.

On the other hand, a skewed income distribution and poor social indicators are evident.

Guatemala's social indicators, such as infant mortality and illiteracy, are successively improving, but remain in low growth and are still among the worst in the hemisphere.

The personalities and attitudes of the individuals that are selected as team members are other aspects that should be taken into consideration when composing teams, since these individual traits have been found to be good indicators of team effectiveness.

Among the indicators that might be used to establish an initial minimum wage rate are ones that minimize the loss of jobs while preserving international competitiveness.

Raclettes are indefinite cultural indicators, as they appear from the Upper Paleolithic through to the Neolithic.

A change in condition that deviates from baseline such as moaning with movement or when manipulating a body part, and limited range of motion are also potential pain indicators.

There are a few indicators that a pair is not performing well:

While this attribution turned out to be incorrect ( stellar colors are indicators primarily of a star's temperature, not motion ) Doppler would later be vindicated by verified redshift observations.

The country is currently enjoying a period of unprecedented prosperity because of high energy prices: economic growth has averaged 7. 7 percent per year since 1994 and socioeconomic indicators are improving.

Use ( USE ) and Used For ( UF ) indicators are used when an authorized term is to be used for another, unauthorized, term ; for example, the entry for the authorized term " Frequency " could have the indicator " UF Pitch ".