Their houses, scattered throughout Lombardy and Venetia, were united into a congregation by St Pius V, under the Rule of St Augustine with a mother-house, residence of the prioress general, at Pavia.

Amongst these were the group Mars and Venus, the colossal figure of Pius VI, the Pietà, the St John, the recumbent Magdalen.

St Pius X said in a letter to philosopher-friend and correspondent in the closing years of his life, ( Epist.

Pius X was probably influenced by earlier attempts to eliminate repetition in the psalter, most notably the liturgy of the Benedictine congregation of St. Maur.

The arrangement of the Psalms in the Rule of St. Benedict had a profound impact upon the breviaries used by secular and monastic clergy alike, up until 1911 when Pope St. Pius X introduced his reform of the Roman Breviary.

This situation impelled Pope St. Pius X to order the creation of the first Code of Canon Law, a single volume of clearly stated laws.

Traditionalist Roman Catholic groups, congregations and clergymen, however, continue to support missionizing Jews according to traditional patterns, sometimes with success ( e. g., the Society of St. Pius X which has notable Jewish converts among its faithful, many of whom have become traditionalist priests ).

Pope Pius II canonized St Catherine in the year 1461.

* Pope St. Pius V ( d. 1572 )

* Pope St. Pius V

In contrast, the Holy See has not questioned the validity of the consecrations that the late Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre performed in 1988 for the service of the relatively numerous followers of the Traditionalist Catholic Society of St. Pius X that he had founded, and of the bishops who, under pressure from the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association, " have been ordained without the Pontifical mandate and who have not asked for, or have not yet obtained, the necessary legitimation ", and who consequently, Pope Benedict XVI has declared, " are to be considered illegitimate, but validly ordained ".

Henry IV restored the charter granted to Gibraltar in 1310 and took two additional measures: the lands previously belonging to Algeciras ( destroyed in 1369 ) were granted to Gibraltar ; and the status of collegiate church was solicited from the pope Pius II and granted to the parish church of Saint Mary the Crowned (), now the Cathedral of St. Mary the Crowned, on the site of the old main Moorish Mosque.

Pope Pius IX is elected Pope beginning the longest reign in the history of the papacy ( not counting St. Peter ).

* Pope St. Pius X's encyclical Pascendi, in which he defines Modernism as " the synthesis of all heresies ".

Pope Pius XII, wearing the traditional 1877 Papal Tiara, is carried through St Peter's Basilica on a sedia gestatoria c. 1955.

St Pius I governed the Church in the middle of the 2nd century during the reigns of the Emperors Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius.

St Pius I endured many hardships during his reign.

The fact that Saint Justin taught Christian doctrine in Rome during the pontificate of St Pius I and that the heretics Valentinus, Cerdon, and Marcion visited Rome at the same time, is an argument for the primacy of the Roman See during the 2nd century.

St Pius I's feast day is celebrated on July 11.

Pius II's body was buried in the church of Sant ' Andrea della Valle, while an empty cenotaph was built in St. Peter's Basilica.

St Pius V recognized attacks on papal supremacy in the Catholic Church and was desirous of limiting their advancement.

In 1589 Pope Sixtus V united to the Congregation of St Ambrose the monasteries of a group known as the " Brothers of the Apostles of the Poor Life " ( or " Apostolini " or " Brothers of St. Barnabas "), whose houses were in the province of Genoa and in the March of Ancona.

The union was confirmed by Pope Paul V in 1606, at which time the congregation added the name of St. Barnabas to its title, adopted new constitutions, divided its houses into four provinces, two of them, St Clement's and St Pancras's, being in Rome.

The city is also famous for the Convento de Jesus ( now known as the City Museum " Santa Joana "), built in the 15th century, which contains the tomb of the daughter of Afonso V, St. Joana, who died in 1490.

In the 1880s, Vasily Vasilievich Andreyev, who was then a professional violinist in the music salons of St Petersburg, developed what became the standardized balalaika, with the assistance of violin maker V. Ivanov.

In 1589, by the bull Cum pro nostri temporali munere, Pope Sixtus V re-organised the choir of St Peter's, Rome specifically to include castrati.

At the foundation of the new rule, they were called Hermits of St Damiano, or Moronites ( or Murronites ), and did not assume the appellation of Celestines until after the election of their founder to the Papacy as Celestine V. The fame of the holy life and the austerities practised by the hermit in his solitude on the Mountain of Majella, near Sulmona, attracted many visitors, several of whom were moved to remain and share his mode of life.

* 1294 – Pope Boniface VIII is elected Pope, replacing St. Celestine V, who had resigned.

One of Barlaam's friends, Gregory Akindynos, who originally was also a friend of St Gregory Palamas, took up the controversy, which also played a role in the civil war between the supporters of John Cantacuzenus and John V Palaeologus.

* Colette par Jean Cocteau, discours de réception à l ' Académie Royale de Belgique, Ducretet-Thomson 300 V 078 St.

He was a member of several Roman Catholic students ' associations under the K. St. V.

A copy was also possessed by the Catholic king and emperor Charles V. In France, after an initially mixed reaction, Machiavelli came to be associated with Catherine de ' Medici and the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.

Pope St Pius V also helped financially in the construction of the city of Valletta, Malta's capital city by sending his military engineer Francesco Laparelli to design the fortification walls.

* St Pius V, by Robin Anderson, TAN Books and Publishers, Inc, 1973 / 78.

* Catholic Encyclopedia: Pope St. Pius V

Clement was buried in St. Peter's Basilica, and later Pope Paul V ( 1605 – 21 ) had a mausoleum built for him in the Borghese Chapel of Santa Maria Maggiore, where the remains were transferred in 1646.

Editions earlier than that of 1962 are used by smaller groups such as the Society of St. Pius V and the Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen.

The family was Byzantine Catholic and attended St. John Chrysostom Byzantine Catholic Church.

During this period winter sports were slowly introduced: in 1882 the first figure skating championship was held in St. Moritz, and downhill skiing became a trendy sport with English visitors early in the 20th century, as the first ski-lift was installed in 1908 above Grindelwald.

There he also received instruction in piano and counterpoint from professor Gustav Jacobsthal, and associated closely with Ernest Munch ( the brother of his former teacher ), organist of St William church, who was also a passionate admirer of J. S.

Similarly in St Peter: " Christ .. Who verily was foreordained before the foundation of the world, but was manifest in these last times for you " ( 1 Peter 1: 20 ), and " But the end of all things is at hand " ( 1 Peter 4: 7 ).

The custom of setting apart a special day for intercession for certain of the faithful on November 2 was first established by St. Odilo of Cluny ( d. 1048 ) at his abbey of Cluny in 998.

The legend connected with its foundation is given by Peter Damiani in his Life of St Odilo: a pilgrim returning from the Holy Land was cast by a storm on a desolate island.

By the Rule of St Benedict, which, until the Cluniac reforms, was the norm in the West, the abbot has jurisdiction over only one community.

Of these the precedence was originally yielded to the abbot of Glastonbury, until in AD 1154 Adrian IV ( Nicholas Breakspear ) granted it to the abbot of St Alban's, in which monastery he had been brought up.

When abbots dined in their own private hall, the Rule of St Benedict charged them to invite their monks to their table, provided there was room, on which occasions the guests were to abstain from quarrels, slanderous talk and idle gossiping.

Even the abbey of St Denis was held in commendam by Hugh Capet.

Theodosius ' wife St Flacilla was instrumental in his campaign to end Arianism.

The Mariner's Cross is also referred to as St. Clement's Cross, in reference to the way this saint was martyred ( being tied to an anchor and thrown from a boat into the Black Sea in 102 ).

St. Ambrose was also traditionally credited with composing the hymn Te Deum, which he is said to have composed when he baptised St. Augustine of Hippo, his celebrated convert.

Common meter hymns were interchangeable with a variety of tunes ; more than twenty musical settings of " Amazing Grace " circulated with varying popularity until 1835 when William Walker assigned Newton's words to a traditional song named " New Britain ", which was itself an amalgamation of two melodies (" Gallaher " and " St. Mary ") first published in the Columbian Harmony by Charles H. Spilman and Benjamin Shaw ( Cincinnati, 1829 ).

It was recorded in St. Paul's, the chapel at Columbia University, chosen for the acoustics.

From 796 until his death he was Abbot of the great monastery of St. Martin of Tours where he founded a library by obtaining copies of books from libraries in his native England.

Damaged buildings included the medieval churches of St. Foillan, St. Paul and St. Nicholas, and the Rathaus ( city hall ), although Aachen Cathedral was largely unscathed.

She died broken-hearted in July of the next year, at the castle of Poissy, and was buried in the Convent of St Corentin, near Nantes.

Another sister, Gertrude, married Andrew II of Hungary and was the mother of St. Elizabeth of Hungary.

The ' far-away light ' () is a reference to St Elmo's Fire, an electrical discharge supposed by ancient Greek mariners to be an epiphany of the Dioscuri, but the meaning of the line was obscured by gaps in the papyrus until reconstructed by a modern scholar — such reconstructions are typical of the extant poetry ( see Scholars, fragments and sources below ).