The group is usually divided into two sub-groups: Western Baltic, containing only extinct languages, and Eastern Baltic, containing both extinct and the two living languages in the group: Lithuanian ( including both Standard Lithuanian and Samogitian ) and Latvian ( including both literary Latvian and Latgalian ).

Standard Macedonian was implemented as the official language of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia in 1945 and has since developed a thriving literary tradition.

She was the lead literary reviewer for the London Evening Standard during A. N.

Standard Malay, also called Court Malay, was the literary standard of the pre-colonial Malacca and Johor Sultanates, and so the language is sometimes called Malacca, Johor, or Riau Malay ( or various combinations of those names ) to distinguish it from the various other Malayan languages, though it has no connection to the Malay dialect of the Riau Islands.

* Philip Terzian, literary editor, The Weekly Standard.

21st century Ulster Scots shows little adherence to the previous literary tradition and instead an increasing use of somewhat creative phonetic spellings based of perceived sound-to-letter correspondences of Standard English typical of dialect writing or a more esoteric " amalgam of traditional, surviving, revived, changed, and invented features ".

Mughalbandi Oriya is considered as proper or Standard Oriya due to literary traditions.

In the same year his story March 15, 1928 ( based on the March 15 incident ) was published in the literary magazine Senki (" Standard of Battle " in Japanese ).

Other examples include literary Katharevousa versus spoken Demotic Greek, the Dravidian Languages Kannada, Tamil and Telugu of southern India, with their high and low registers, and the triglossia of Arabic with the Classical Arabic of religion, the journalistic and literary Modern Standard Arabic, and the various regional spoken Arabic languages.

* Modern Standard Arabic, also known as Literary Arabic it is the standard and literary variety of Arabic used in writing and in most formal speech.

This type of situation exists to this day in Arabic-speaking areas, where the literary language ( Modern Standard Arabic, a form of the Classical Arabic of the 6th century A. D .) is taught to all educated speakers and is used in radio broadcasts, formal discussions, etc.

Khariboli is widely accepted to be the main dialectical precursor of the Hindi-Urdu prestige dialect, of which Standard Hindi and Urdu are official standard registers and literary styles.

Although Khariboli and Standard Hindi-Urdu differ dialectically, Standard Hindi-Urdu is sometimes also referred to as Khariboli and regarded as the literary form of that dialect.

Standard Hindi ( also High Hindi, Nagari Hindi ) is used as the lingua franca of Northern India ( the Hindi belt ), Urdu is the lingua franca of Pakistan, Dakhini is the historical literary dialect of the Deccan region, and Rekhta the court register of Urdu used in medieval poetry.

After the Norman conquest of England, for instance, Latin and French displaced English as the official and literary languages and Standard literary English did not emerge until the end of the Middle Ages.

Modern Standard Arabic is the contemporary literary and standard register of Classical Arabic used in writing across all Arabic-speaking countries and any governing body with Arabic as an official language.

Samuel Ajayi Crowther | Samuel Crowther's Yorùbá grammar led to Standard Yoruba becoming a literary language.

Standard Yoruba is the literary form of the Yoruba language of West Africa, the standard variety learnt at school and that spoken by newsreaders on the radio.

In Modern Standard Mandarin, hu 胡 means: " foreign " ( e. g., huqin 胡琴 " two-stringed bowed instruments "), " recklessly ; irrelevantly " ( hushuo 胡說 " talk nonsense ; drivel "), " dewlap ", ( literary ) " why ; when ; how ", " Surname ", and ( historical ) " non-Han peoples in the northwest " ( Huren 胡人 " the Northern tribes "); or 胡 is a variant character for hu 鬍 ( huzi 胡子 / 鬍子 " moustache ; beard ; whiskers ; bandit ") and hu 衚 ( hutong 胡同 / 衚衕 " lane ; alley ").

In addition to Hindi-Urdu, sometimes called Hindustani, which is based on a Persianized register of the Khariboli dialect and has two modern standard forms, Standard Hindi and Standard Urdu, there are historical literary standards such as Braj Bhasha ( closely related ) and Awadhi ( not so close ), as well as more recently established standard languages based on what were once considered Hindi dialects, Maithili and Dogri.

The same is true if you have itemized your deductions and later decide you should have used the Standard Deduction or Tax Table.

The American Standard Code for Information Interchange ( ASCII, ;) is a character-encoding scheme originally based on the English alphabet.

Austrian German (), or Austrian Standard German, is the national standard variety of the German language spoken in Austria and in the autonomous Province of South Tyrol ( Italy ).

As German is a pluricentric language, Austrian German is merely one among several varieties of Standard German.

With German being a pluricentric language, Austrian dialects should not be confused with the variety of Standard German spoken by most Austrians, which is distinct from that of Germany or Switzerland.

As a result, Standard German is replacing it in government and administrative texts.

The Advanced Encryption Standard ( AES ) is a specification for the encryption of electronic data established by the U. S. National Institute of Standards and Technology ( NIST ) in 2002.

A RIM-161 Standard Missile 3 anti-ballistic missile is launched from USS Shiloh ( CG-67 ) | USS Shiloh, a US Navy Ticonderoga class cruiser | Ticonderoga-class cruiser.

ASCII art is a graphic design technique that uses computers for presentation and consists of pictures pieced together from the 95 printable ( from a total of 128 ) characters defined by the ASCII Standard from 1963 and ASCII compliant character sets with proprietary extended characters ( beyond the 128 characters of standard 7-bit ASCII

* 1882 – The Standard Oil of New Jersey is established.

Received Pronunciation ( RP ) refers to a way of pronouncing Standard English that is actually used by about two percent of the UK population.

The deal is said to be worth £ 80 million over four years, replacing United's deal with AIG as the most lucrative shirt deal in history at the time, but it was later equalled when Standard Chartered Bank agreed a deal with Liverpool FC to pay £ 20 million a year over the same period.

Standard addition can be applied to most analytical techniques and is used instead of a calibration curve to solve the matrix effect problem.

The symbol for bit, as a unit of information, is either simply " bit " ( recommended by the ISO / IEC standard 80000-13 ( 2008 )) or lowercase " b " ( recommended by the IEEE 1541 Standard ( 2002 )).

Within the prevailing Standard Model of particle physics, the number of baryons may change in multiples of three due to the action of sphalerons, although this is rare and has not been observed under experiment.

It is the Technical Committees that, formally, approve a British Standard, which is then presented to the Secretary of the supervisory Sector Board for endorsement of the fact that the Technical Committee has indeed completed a task for which it was constituted.

The standards produced are titled British Standard XXXX: YYYY where XXXX is the number of the standard, P is the number of the part of the standard ( where the standard is split into multiple parts ) and YYYY is the year in which the standard came into effect.

This latter translation is preferred by the New Revised Standard Version.

This is a list of International Standard Book Numbers ( ISBNs ) for the Government edition of The World Factbook.

Standard Khmer, or Central Khmer, the language as taught in schools and used by the media is based on the Battambang dialect spoken throughout the plains of the northwest and central provinces.

According to the ESOPE project ( European Standard Operating Procedures of Electrochemotherapy ), the Standard Operating Procedures ( SOP ) for electrochemotherapy were prepared, based on the experience of the leading European cancer centres on electrochemotherapy.

Standard Danish ( rigsdansk ) is the language based on dialects spoken in and around the capital, Copenhagen.

The general agreement is that Standard Danish is based on a form of Copenhagen dialect, but the specific norm, as with most language norms, is difficult to pinpoint for both laypeople and scholars.

It is based on the Standard Missile 3.

Standard Italian is not based on the speech of the capital, Rome, but on the speech of Florence because of the influence Florentines had on early Italian literature.

Pronunciation of Standard Chinese is based on the Beijing dialect of Mandarin Chinese, while grammar and syntax are based on modern vernacular written Chinese.

Modern Standard Arabic is directly based on Classical Arabic, the language of the Qur ' an.

In contrast, the experimentally verified Standard Model of particle physics is based on three independent interactions, symmetries and coupling constants.

While the description of strong and weak interactions within the Standard Model is based on gauge symmetries governed by the simple symmetry groups SU ( 3 ) and SU ( 2 ) which allow only discrete charges, the remaining component, the weak hypercharge interaction is described by an abelian symmetry U ( 1 ) which in principle allows for arbitrary charge assignments.

Standard calculus is based on the approach that took Weierstrass, replacing infinitesimals by limits.

The International Standard Book Number ( ISBN ) is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering ( SBN ) code created by Gordon Foster, Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W. H. Smith and others in 1965.

Standard Chinese is based on the particular Mandarin dialect spoken in Beijing, with some lexical and syntactic influence from other Mandarin dialects.

Notable translations of the New Testament based on these most recent critical editions include the Revised Standard Version ( 1946, revised in 1971 ), La Bible de Jérusalem ( 1961, revised in 1973 and 2000 ), the Einheitsübersetzung ( 1970, final edition 1979 ), the New American Bible ( 1970, revised in 1986 ), the Traduction Oecuménique de la Bible ( 1988, revised in 2004 ), and the New Revised Standard Version ( 1989 ).

The Standard Pascal Model Implementation was also based on this compiler, having been adapted, by Welsh and Hay at Manchester University in 1984, to check rigorously for conformity to the BSI 6192 / ISO 7185 Standard and to generate code for a portable abstract machine.

Furthermore, it was based upon the Linux Standard Base ( LSB ) 3. 0, adopting technology such as the Anaconda installer ported from Red Hat, APT, and Discover.

Standard versions and collectable versions of the 4003 have included the 4003s ( special )( discontinued 1995 ) a 4003 similar to the 4001s with dot neck markers, no body binding based loosely upon the original Rickenbacker basses and fitted with 4001 pick ups.

The following table is based on the ISSCAAP classification ( International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants ) used by the FAO for the purposes of collecting and compiling fishery statistics.

But oil history was made in 1943 when Standard Oil of New Jersey accepted a new agreement in Venezuela based on the 50-50 principle, " a landmark event.