A number of companies responded, both existing communications vendors like Hayes and Cisco Systems, as well as newly formed companies like Kinetics.

Well-funded groups like Canada's Ballard Power Systems are also working to develop a " regenerative fuel cell ", a device that can generate hydrogen and oxygen when power is available, and combine these efficiently when power is needed.

Systems like the Compatible Time-Sharing System introduced the concept of a file system, which managed several virtual " files " on one storage device, giving the term its present-day meaning.

Functional programming is also supported in some domain-specific programming languages like R ( statistics ), Mathematica ( symbolic math ), J, K and Q from Kx Systems ( financial analysis ), XQuery / XSLT ( XML ) and Opal.

International geodetic organizations like the IERS ( International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service ) speak of a reference system.

Surgical interventions for IC / BPS include transurethral fulguration and resection of ulcers, using electricity / laser ; bladder denervation, where some of the nerves to the bladder are cut ( Modified Ingelman-Sundberg Procedure ); bladder augmentation ; bladder removal ( cystectomy ); electrical nerve stimulation, similar to TENS, where an electrical unit is implanted in the body and provides continuous or intermittent electrical pulses to the affected areas ( Interstim ); spinal cord stimulation ( SCS ), where an electrical unit is implanted that provides electrical stimulation to the spinal cord, interfering with pain reception to the brain ( ANS / Advanced Neuromodulation Systems spinal Cord Stimulator ); and the implantation of the intrathecal pain pump, where very small amounts of medication, like morphine sulfate, dilaudid, or baclofen are released into the cerebrospinal fluid via a catheter stemming from the small electrical pump, requiring only about 1 / 100 to 1 / 300 the amount of medication needed orally for the same therapeutic benefit, but with significantly fewer side effects.

** RPG-30 One-shot disposable RPG launcher, with a ' precursor ' forerunner additional sub-munition, intended to defeat Active Defense Systems like Trophy

These concepts were later adopted for the creation of the Internet Protocol ( IP ) and other ( now deprecated ) network protocols like e. g. AppleTalk or Xerox Network Systems.

Companies like TalkingSigns and TextSpeak Systems have pioneered solutions such as TTS for Digital Signage for the Blind, that work via standard speakers and also radio receivers ( ex: BART in the SF Bay area ).

Systems like Windows NT and OS / 2 are said to have " cheap " threads and " expensive " processes ; in other operating systems there is not so great a difference except the cost of address space switch which implies a TLB flush.

Commercial tools like RTXC Quadros or IAR Systems exist.

Other divisions of the company that were profitable, continued as separate companies, like Fokker Space ( later Dutch Space ) and Fokker Control Systems.

This was partly inspired by the difficulty Fisher observed at Yale of compiling for architectures like Floating Point Systems ' FPS164, which had a complex instruction set architecture ( CISC ) that separated instruction initiation from the instructions that saved the result, requiring very complicated scheduling algorithms.

Though companies like MOSAIC Threat Assessment Systems sell products and services designed to identify potential threats, a thorough study of all United States school shootings by the U. S. Secret Service warned against the belief that a certain " type " of student would be a perpetrator.

Systems which exhibit strong locality of reference are good candidates for performance optimization through the use of techniques like the cache and instruction prefetch technology for memory or the advanced branch predictor at the pipelining of processors.

Systems with an easy to use or English like syntax are, however, quite distinct from systems that use a rich lexicon and include an internal representation ( often as first order logic ) of the semantics of natural language sentences.

Systems such as these were expensive, especially when considering auxiliary equipment like VTR, video switchers and character generators ( CG ) and were usually limited to high-end post-production facilities.

Matroska is similar in concept to other containers like AVI, MP4, or Advanced Systems Format ( ASF ), but is entirely open in specification, with implementations consisting mostly of open source software.

Information Systems, in cooperation with high technology firms like IBM, AT & T, and HP, also actively engage in technology testing with members of the student body.

Some subscription companies use systems like Zuora or Aria Systems to track and bill customers that have subscriptions with their business.

Systems like this are used in factory and farm automation for quality management and shipping.

Qualified students in this program may get a chance to work in paid industry-based internships like in the IT departments at Roche Pharmaceuticals, Synopsys Inc., Fujitsu Computer Systems, Fujitsu America, Flextronics, Photon Dynamics and VMWare.

It entered service in the 1990s, and like its predecessor Python-3, it is integrated with the Elbit Systems DASH ( Display And Sight Helmet ) HMS system for Israeli F-15s and F-16s and Chilean F-16s ( MLU and C / D block 50 / 52 plus ) and F-5E / F Tiger III.

AIX / 370 was IBM's third attempt to offer Unix-like functionality for their mainframe line, specifically the System / 370 ( the prior versions were a TSS / 370 based Unix system developed jointly with AT & T c. 1980, and VM / IX a VM / 370 based system developed jointly with Interactive Systems Corporation c. 1984 ).

In response to criticism over ergonomic issues in the 7800 ’ s Pro-Line controllers, Atari later released joypad controllers with European 7800s, which were similar in style to controllers found on Nintendo and Sega Systems.

Some general purpose Bulletin Board Systems had special levels of access that were given to those who paid extra money, uploaded useful files or knew the SysOp personally.

Their operating systems, called MCP ( Master Control Program — the name later borrowed by the screenwriters for Tron ), were programmed in ESPOL ( Executive Systems Programming Oriented Language, a minor extension of ALGOL ), and later in NEWP ( with further extensions to ALGOL ) almost a decade before Unix.

Product ciphers were suggested and analyzed by Claude Shannon in his seminal 1949 publication Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems as a means to effectively improve security by combining simple operations such as substitutions and permutations.

In 2001 Bombardier acquired Adtranz ( DaimlerChrysler Rail Systems ), a manufacturer of trains which were widely used throughout Germany and Great Britain.

Automatic control Systems were first developed over two thousand years ago.

The original Laboratory Modules were soon supplemented with the " Digital Systems Module " line, which were identical internally but packaged differently.

The Systems Modules were designed with all of the connections at the back of the module using 22-pin Amphenol connectors, and were attached to each other by inserting them into a custom 19-inch rack.

Popular DBMS products that utilized it were Cincom Systems ' Total and Cullinet's IDMS.

Versions of BIND through 4. 8. 3 were maintained by the Computer Systems Research Group ( CSRG ) at UC Berkeley.

The new systems were called AMS for Auditorium Management Systems and were the first digital cinema servers designed to be user friendly and operate reliably in a computer-hostile environment such as a projection booth, especially some union booths.

The general interest in Campus-Wide Information Systems ( CWISs ) in higher education at the time, and the ease with which a Gopher server could be set up to create an instant CWIS with links to other sites ' online directories and resources were the factors contributing to Gopher's rapid adoption.

He drew the pixel art, and wrote the technical specifications, which were the basis for the playable prototype that was programmed by Intelligent Systems.

X. 500 directory services were traditionally accessed via the X. 500 Directory Access Protocol ( DAP ), which required the Open Systems Interconnection ( OSI ) protocol stack.

However, people at Systems Concepts were better at designing machines than at mass producing or selling them ; the company continually improved the design, but lost credibility as delivery dates continued to slip.

Universal editor / librarians that combine the two functions were once common, and included Opcode Systems ' Galaxy and eMagic's SoundDiver.

In 1988, MIPS Computer Systems designs were noticed by Silicon Graphics ( SGI ) and the company adopted the MIPS architecture for its computers.

Third-party attempts to sell PDP-10 clones were relatively unsuccessful ; see Foonly, Systems Concepts, and XKL.

While the first such systems were purchased from DEC, when DEC abandoned the PDP-10 architecture in favor of the VAX, CompuServe and other PDP-10 customers began purchasing plug compatible computers from Systems Concepts.

In addition to consumer models, professional and development players were sold by Philips Interactive Media Systems and their VARs.

Although corruption allegations have often been limited to broad undocumented accusations, specific allegations were made in 2007, when it was claimed that the British defence contractor BAE Systems had paid Prince Bandar US $ 2 billion in bribes relating to the Al-Yamamah arms deal.