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Tendai originated in China and is based on the Lotus Sutra, one of the most important sutras of Mahayana Buddhism ; Saichō was key to its transmission to Japan.
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Tendai and originated
In Kamakura Era, many sects ( Zen, Pureland and Nichiren ) that originated from Tendai sect abolished vinaya entirely.
Tendai and China
Kammu also sponsored the travels of the monks Saichō and Kūkai to China, from where they returned to found the Japanese branches of, respectively, Tendai and Shingon Buddhism.
* 804 – 805 – Priest Saicho, patriarch of Tendai Buddhism, visits China and reportedly brings back tea seeds.
Although the Tendai school in China and Japan does employ some esoteric practices, these rituals came to be considered of equal importance with the exoteric teachings of the Lotus Sutra.
When the capital moved to Heian, more forms of Buddhism arrived from China, including the still-popular Shingon, an esoteric form of Buddhism similar to Tibet's Vajrayana Buddhism, and Tendai, a monastic conservative form known better by its Chinese name, Tiantai.
* 838 – 847: Ennin, a priest of the Tendai school, travels in China for nine years.
Kukai's return from China was eclipsed by Saichō, the founder of the Tendai school, who found favor with the court during this time.
Philosophically, the Tendai school did not deviate substantially from the beliefs that had been created by the Tiantai school in China.
Although a relatively small Hossō sect exists in Japan to this day, the sect has survived long after it died out in Korea and China, though its influence has diminished as the center of Buddhist authority moved away from Nara, and with the rise of the Ekayana schools of Buddhism ( Tendai, Zen, Pure Land, etc .).
Later it became associated particularly with the Tien Tai school in China ( Tendai in Japan ) and the Nichiren schools in Japan.
mikkyō ) to Japan from China, by Kūkai and Saichō, who founded the Shingon and Tendai schools.
Known as Tiantai ( 天台 ) in China, the Tendai school was founded by Zhiyi ( 智顗, Jp Chigi ) in China, c. 550.
In 847 he returned to Japan and in 854, he became the chief priest of the Tendai sect at Enryakuji, where he built buildings to store the sutras and religious instruments he brought back from China.
The temple complex was established by Saichō ( 767 – 822 ), also known as Dengyō Daishi, who introduced the Tendai sect of Mahayana Buddhism to Japan from China.
was a Japanese Buddhist monk credited with founding the Tendai school in Japan, based around the Chinese Tiantai tradition he was exposed to during his trip to China beginning in 804.
Kūkai, in turn, responded to Saichō ’ s wish to incorporate Mikkyō into the eclectic system of Tendai by training Saichō and his disciples in the esoteric Buddhist rituals and by lending Saichō various Mikkyō texts that he had brought with him from China.
On his return from China, Saichō worked hard to win recognition from the court and " in the first month of 806, Saichō ’ s Tendai Lotus school ( Tendai-hokke-shū 天台法華宗 ) won official recognition when the court of the ailing emperor Kanmu issued another edict, this one permitting two annual ordinands ( nenbundosha ) for Saichō ’ s new school on Mt.
However, it was in the early 9th Century that the formative concepts which would in time become the core of “ mainstream ” Mikkyo-Shingon and Tendai-were brought to Japan-initially by the monks Kūkai ( the founder of Shingon ) and Saichō ( the founder of Tendai ), both of whom had traveled to China to study.
Later associated particularly with the Tien Tai in China, Tendai school in Japan, and the Nichiren schools in Japan.
In 1168 Myōan Eisai traveled to China, whereafter he studied Tendai for twenty years.
In 847 he returned to Japan from China and in 854, he became the chief priest of the Tendai sect at Enryaku-ji.
Tendai and is
Nichiren attributed the turmoil in society to the invalid teachings of the Buddhist schools of his time, including the Tendai sect in which he was ordained: " It is better to be a leper who chants Nam-myōhō-renge-kyō than be a chief abbot of the Tendai school ".
When he later founded the Japanese Tendai sect, esoteric practices were integrated with the larger Tendai teachings, but Tendai is not an exclusively esoteric sect.
Unlike Tendai, Shingon is a purely esoteric sect.
By chanting mantras, maintaining mudras, or practicing certain forms of meditation, Tendai maintains that one is able to understand sense experiences as taught by the Buddha, have faith that one is innately an enlightened being, and that one can attain enlightenment within the current lifetime.
In modern times, Shugendō is practiced mainly by Tendai and Shingon sects, retaining an influence on modern Japanese religion and culture.
This question was, in large part, prompted by the Tendai concept of original enlightenment ( 本覚 hongaku ), which states that all human beings are enlightened by nature and that, consequently, any notion of achieving enlightenment through practice is fundamentally flawed.
In the face of this tension, Dōgen left the Tendai dominion of Kyōto in 1230, settling instead in an abandoned temple in what is today the city of Uji, south of Kyōto.
The Lotus Sutra is held by Nichiren Buddhists, as well as practitioners of the Chinese Tiantai ( T ' ien-t ' ai ) and corresponding Japanese Tendai sects, to be the culmination of Shakyamuni Buddha's 50 years of teaching.
One feature that Shingon shares in common with Tendai, the only other school with esoteric teachings in Japan is the use of Siddham Sanskrit Seed-syllables or Bija along with anthropomorphic and symbolic representations, to express Buddhist deities in their Mandalas.
East Asian Esoteric Buddhism is also practiced in the Japanese Tendai School ( 天台宗 ), founded in the same era as the Shingon School in the early 9th century ( Heian period ), although Tendai doctrine contain mostly exoteric teachings.
Even though the Tendai School also contains esoteric teachings in its doctrines, it is still essentially an exoteric Mahayana school at its core.
Tendai Buddhism claims that each and every sense phenomenon just as it is is the expression of Dharma.
For Tendai, the ultimate expression of Dharma is the Lotus Sutra.
By claiming that the phenomenal world is not distinct from Dharma, Tendai doctrine allows for the reconciliation of beauty and aesthetics with Buddhist teachings.
Contemplation of poetry, provided that it is done in the context of Tendai doctrine, is simply contemplation of Dharma.
* Ennin-Saicho's successor, the first to try to merge esoteric practices with exoteric Tendai School theories ( this merger is now known as " Taimitsu "), as well as promote nembutsu.
Also, she is believed by Tendai Buddhism to be the essence of kami Ugajin, whose effigy she sometimes carries on her head together with a torii ( see photo above ).
Tendai and based
The other ship carries the monk Saichō, who returns to Japan to found the Japanese Tendai school, partly based upon the Chinese Tiantai tradition.
* Tendai Buddhism in Europe-Tendai Sangha based in Denmark
* Tendai Buddhist Sangha of Australia-Tendai Sangha based in Australia
The early Heian period ( 9th – 10th century ) saw an evolution of style based on the esoteric sects Tendai and Shingon.
Thus from its very inception the Tendai Lotus school was equally based on Mikkyō and T ’ ien-t ’ ai.
Hayes has founded a Buddhist Order based on his teachings and experiences with Tibetan Buddhism and Tendai, called the Blue Lotus Assembly.
However, the Tendai sect, based on Mount Hiei, saw this expansion as a threat and attacked the Hongan-ji three times with their army of warrior monks.
and, also known as the Enchin and Ennin factions respectively, were rival branches of Tendai Buddhism created in the 9th century and based on Mount Hiei just outside Kyoto.
This rivalry does not appear to be based on differing opinions on dogma or doctrine, only a sort of jealousy, each seeking to be the chief or sole Tendai core temple.
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