The Amharic version, however, merely stated that Menelik could contact foreign powers and conduct foreign affairs through Italy if he so chose.

* Ethiopia: 2 May 1889 Treaty of Wuchale, in the Italian language version, stated that Ethiopia was to become an Italian protectorate, while the Ethiopian Amharic language version merely stated that the Emperor could, if he so chose, go through Italy to conduct foreign affairs.

Deeply suspicious of European intentions towards Ethiopia, she was a key player in the conflict over the Treaty of Wuchale with Italy, in which the Italian version made Ethiopia an Italian protectorate, while the Amharic version did not do so.

The Emperor pressured Eritrea ’ s elected chief executive to resign, made Amharic the official language in place of Arabic and Tigrinya, terminated the use of the Eritrean flag, imposed censorship, and moved many businesses out of Eritrea.

The Italians expected disaffected potentates like Negus Tekle Haymanot of Gojjam, Ras Mengesha Yohannes, and the Sultan of Aussa to join them ; instead, all of the ethnic Tigrayan or Amharic peoples flocked to the Emperor Menelik's side in a display of both nationalism and anti-Italian feeling, while other peoples of dubious loyalty ( e. g. the Sultan of Aussa ), were watched by Imperial garrisons.

When summoned to the court of the young Emperor ( negusä nägäst ) Za Dengel, his knowledge of Amharic and Ge ' ez, as well as his knowledge of Ethiopian customs impressed the sovereign so much that Za Dengel decided to convert from the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahido Church to Catholicism -- although Páez warned him not to announce his declaration too quickly.

The more common form, " Ras Dashen " is a corruption of its Amharic name, " Ras Dejen ", used by the system of the Ethiopian Mapping Authority ( EMA ) which means " the general who fights in front of the Emperor ".

Yohannes IV ( Ge ' ez ዮሐንስ ፬ኛ Yōḥānnis ዮሓንስ, Amharic Yōhānnis, also known by the English equivalent " John ", 11 July 1837 – 10 March 1889 ), born Lij Kassay Mercha Ge ' ez, was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1872 until his death.

Amda Seyon ( also Amde Tsiyon and other variants, Ge ' ez ዐምደ ፡ ጽዮን ʿamda ṣiyōn, Amharic āmde ṣiyōn, " Pillar of Zion ") was Emperor of Ethiopia ( 1314 – 1344 ; throne name Gebre Mesqel Ge ' ez ገብረ ፡ መስቀል gabra masḳal, Amh.

While camping here in 1882, Emperor Yohannes IV was so impressed by his sight of a comet, which he interpreted as a wondrous event, he decided to found a city here, and named it Dessie ( Amharic " My Joy ").

Other widely spoken Afroasiatic languages are Amharic, the national language of Ethiopia, with 18 million native speakers ; Somali, spoken by around 19 million people in Greater Somalia ; and Hausa, the dominant language of northern Nigeria and southern Niger, spoken by 18. 5 million people and used as a lingua franca in large parts of the Sahel, with some 25 million speakers in total.

Lake Tana ( also spelled T ' ana, Amharic: ጣና ሐይቅ Ṭānā Hāyḳ ," Lake Tana ," an older variant is Tsana, Ge ' ez ጻና Ṣānā ; sometimes called " Dembiya " after the region to the north of the lake ) is the source of the Blue Nile and is the largest lake in Ethiopia.

During the Zemene Mesafint or " Age of Princes " of Ethiopia, Emperors became figureheads, controlled by warlords like Ras Mikael Sehul of Tigray, and by the Oromo Yejju dynasty, which later led to 17th century Oromo rule of Gondar, changing the language of the court from Amharic to Afaan Oromo.

At the turn of the 16th century Adal regrouped and around 1527 under the charismatic leadership of Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi ( Gurey in Somali, Gragn in Amharic, both meaning " left-handed "), Adal invaded Ethiopia.

* Ethiopia: Dagussa ( Amharic / Sodo ), tokuso ( amharic ), barankiya ( Oromo )

However, in Ethiopia Amharic ( the main lingua franca of modern Ethiopia ) or other local languages, and in Eritrea and Tigray Region in Ethiopia, Tigrinya may be used for sermons.

Tigrinya ( along with Arabic ) was one of Eritrea's official languages during its short-lived federation with Ethiopia ; in 1958 it was replaced with Amharic prior to its annexation.

Tigrinya is the third most spoken language in Ethiopia, after Amharic and Oromo, and by far the most spoken in Eritrea ( see Demographics of Eritrea ).

Taddesse Tamrat has speculated that one effect of Gudit's otherwise ephemeral rule, might be the pockets of various languages related to Amharic scattered across southwestern Ethiopia ( e. g. Argobba, Gurage and Gafat ), which could have been Axumite military settlements isolated by her conquests and later Sidamo migrations.

The Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi ( nicknamed Gurey in Somali and Gragn in Amharic ( ግራኝ Graññ ), both meaning " the left-handed ") came close to extinguishing the ancient realm of Ethiopia, and converting all of its subjects to Islam ; the intervention of the European Cristóvão da Gama, son of the famous navigator, helped the Christians.

In Ethiopia, niter kibbeh ( Amharic: ንጥር ቅቤ niṭer ḳibē ) is made and used in much the same way as ghee, but with spices added during the process that result in a distinctive taste.

Broad beans ( Amharic: baqueella ) are one of the most popular legumes in Ethiopia.

The word for fenugreek in Amharic is abesh ( or abish ), and the seed is used in Ethiopia as a natural herbal medicine in the treatment of diabetes.

Amharic is a Semitic language spoken in Ethiopia.

Some Vah letters resemble certain letters from Ge ' ez alphabet of Ethiopia used to write Amharic, the national language, N ' ko alphabet in Guinea, and Armenian alphabet.

* Sirak Heruy, son of Ethiopian intellectual Heruy Welde Sellase, translated Rasselas into Amharic, one of the major languages of Ethiopia.

In the Afar Region of Ethiopia, Afar is partially used in some of the few schools, while Amharic is the region's working language.

Lake Abaya ( Abaya Hayk in Amharic ) is a lake in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region of Ethiopia.

By 20 he could also speak Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Amharic, Sanskrit, Avestan, Pahlavi, Arabic, Syriac, Chaldean, Persian and Ge ' ez in addition to his native French.

Another etymology is that the first two syllables come from the Ge ' ez baggi ` for sheep ( Amharic beg ), although Beke claimed that sheep have never been pastured there, nor could they be raised there.

Rastafarians use the terms " Jah " and " Jah Jah " as a term for God and / or Haile Selassie I who is also known by the Amharic title Janhoy ( literally " Your Majesty ").

This set-up is a stove called a mitad ( in Amharic ) or mogogo ( in Tigrinya ), which is difficult to use, produces large amounts of smoke, and can be dangerous to children.

Their 1973 single " Y Mas Gan " was similar to " Satta " in its use of Amharic.

Rastas say their life will never have an end, but will be everliving, with Jah as king and Amharic the official language.

At the age of fourteen Young had learned Greek and Latin and was acquainted with French, Italian, Hebrew, German, Chaldean, Syriac, Samaritan, Arabic, Persian, Turkish and Amharic.

In the Amharic language, the Semitic word for " owner " or " husband, spouse " survives with the spelling bal.

Later, it was translated into almost every language, including Chinese ( with translator Lin Shu creating the first Chinese translation of an American novel in 1901 ) and Amharic ( with the 1930 translation created in support of Ethiopian efforts to end the suffering of blacks in that nation ).

which, along with, a velar or uvular ejective fricative, make it easy to distinguish spoken Tigrinya from related languages such as Amharic, though not from

In this country, some aristocratic families automatically categorize persons with dark skin, thick lips, and kinky hair as " Barias " ( Amharic for Slave )... let it be clear to everybody that I shall soon make these ignoramuses stoop and grind corn!

Language families which distinguish ejective consonants include all three Caucasian families ( Northwest Caucasian languages, Northeast Caucasian languages and Kartvelian Georgian language ); the Athabaskan, Siouan and Salishan families of North America, along with the many diverse families of the Pacific Northwest from central California to British Columbia ; the Mayan family and Aymara ; the southern varieties of Quechua ( Qusqu-Qullaw ); the Afro-Asiatic family ( notably most of the Cushitic and Omotic languages, Hausa and South Semitic languages like Amharic and Tigrinya ) and a few Nilo-Saharan languages ; Sandawe, Hadza, and the Khoisan families of southern Africa.

Injera ( Amharic, Tigrinya: እንጀራ, pronounced, sometimes transliterated enjera ; ; ) is a yeast-risen flatbread with a unique, slightly spongy texture.

The Weyto language was first mentioned by the Scottish traveler James Bruce, who spoke Amharic, passed through the area about 1770 and reported that " the Wayto speak a language radically different from any of those in Abyssinia ," but was unable to obtain any " certain information " on it, despite prevailing upon the king to send for two Weyto men for him to ask questions, which they would " neither answer nor understand " even when threatened with hanging.

The Arabic word ‘ arif has also been borrowed into the vernacular of Amharic and other Ethiopian languages, but with a change of meaning: it is used as a slang term corresponding to English " cool " or " neat ".

In Ethiopia it evolved later into the Ge ' ez alphabet, which, with added symbols throughout the centuries, has been used to write Amharic, Tigrinya and Tigre, as well as other languages ( including various Semitic, Cushitic, and Nilo-Saharan languages ).

In April 1996, Moges immigrated to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where in April 2001 he established Mestawet Ethiopian Newspaper, the first monthly citywide Amharic language magazine with 150 copies.

: Ethiopic and Amharic dictionaries and grammars were of importance far transcending his own time and remained, for well over a century and a half, the indispensable tools for the study of these languages, while his monumental history of Ethiopia ( with an extensive commentary ) can still be read with profit as well as enjoyment.

It belongs to the South Ethiopian Semitic subgroup together with Amharic and the Gurage languages.

Translations from Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, French or Dutch have regularly appeared, with occasional translations from Russian, Greek, Latin, Amharic, Mandarin, Persian or Arabic.