As a result of this policy, Adelaide does not share the convict settlement history of other Australian cities like Sydney, New South Wales ; Brisbane, Queensland and Hobart, Tasmania.

However, by mid-1837 the South Australian Register was warning of escaped convicts from New South Wales, and tenders for a temporary gaol were sought.

Australian English started diverging from British English after the founding of the colony of New South Wales in 1788 and was recognised as being different from British English by 1820.

The earliest form of Australian English was first spoken by the children of the colonists born into the colony of New South Wales.

The first of the Australian gold rushes, in the 1850s, began a large wave of immigration, with approximately two per cent of the population of the United Kingdom emigrating to the colonies of New South Wales and Victoria.

ADFA teaches military undergraduates and postgraduates and is officially a campus of the University of New South Wales while Duntroon provides Australian Army Officer training.

In the United Kingdom, His Majesty's Declaration of Abdication Act was, with the consent of the Australian, Canadian, New Zealand, and South African governments, passed through parliament and the Crown thus passed to the next-in-line descendant of Sophia: Edward's brother, Prince Albert, Duke of York.

The practice of the Australian states — for example, New South Wales and Victoria — has been, when legislating to repeal some imperial statutes so far as they still applied in Australia, to provide that imperial statutes concerning the royal succession remain in force.

Australian rules football, officially known as Australian football, also called football, footy or Aussie rules However, late in the century the code began to decline in New South Wales and Queensland largely due to competition with other more popular football codes, as well as interstate rivalries and the lack of strong local governing bodies.

In 1978, the term Barassi Line was used to describe the dichotomy that existed in Australia's football culture, where Australian Football was most popular in all states bar New South Wales and Queensland.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the game spread with the Australian Diaspora to areas such as New Zealand and South Africa ; however this growth went into rapid decline following World War I.

* 1901 – New York becomes the first U. S. state to require automobile license plates. Anzac Beach – Australian and New Zealand forces invade Turkey

* 1915 – World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli begins — The invasion of the Turkish Gallipoli Peninsula by Australian, British, French and New Zealand troops begins with landings at Anzac Cove and Cape Helles.

Though the New Zealand leg of the tour did not take long in comparison to the number of Australian games, the British and Irish experienced considerable difficulty across the Tasman after white-washing the Australians.

In a reversal of previous practice, the planners allocated more matches in New Zealand rather than in Australia: perhaps the strength of the New Zealand teams and the heavy defeats of all Australian teams on the previous tour influenced this decision.

In British, Australian and New Zealand English, along with Dutch and Austrian German, a utility knife frequently used in the construction industry is known as a Stanley knife.

With most of the strategic reserve sent to the Western Front, an Egyptian Expeditionary Force of two British infantry and one Australian and New Zealand mounted division in Eastern Force, successfully defend the Suez Canal and Romani in 1916 from German and Ottoman incursions.

Later, however, the British would have spectacular success defeating the Italians and Germans at the Battle of El Alamein in North Africa, and in the D-Day invasion of Normandy with the help of American, Canadian, Australian and New Zealand forces.

* Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists

The 1974 Australian America's Cup Challenger was named " Southern Cross " KA 4 representing the Royal Perth Yacht Club and was defeated 4-0 sailing off Newport Rhode Island by " Courageous " US26 sailing for the New York Yacht Club.

Southern Cross became the trial horse for the 1977 Australian Challenger " Australia " KA 5 representing the Sun City Yacht Club that was defeated 4-0 sailing off Newport Rhode Island by Courageous US26 sailing for the New York Yacht Club.

Australian English and New Zealand English are closely related to each other, and share some similarities with South African English.

In the Middle East, during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign mounted forces ( British, Indian, Ottoman, Australian, Arab and New Zealand ) retained an important strategic role both as mounted infantry and cavalry.

In Egypt the New Zealand Mounted Rifles and Australian Light Horse of Anzac Mounted Division operating as mounted infantry, drove German and Ottoman forces back from Romani to Magdhaba and Rafa and out of the Egyptian Sinai Peninsular in 1916.

Their mounted charge succeeded after a coordinated attack by the British Infantry and Yeomanry cavalry and the Australian and New Zealand Light Horse and Mounted Rifles brigades.

Both the Australian and New Zealand armies follow the British practice of maintaining traditional titles ( Light Horse or Mounted Rifles ) for modern mechanised units.

The first single " Better Be Home Soon " peaked at number two on both Australian and New Zealand singles charts and reached top 50 In the US, though the following four singles were less successful.

" Intriguer topped the Australian album chart, reached number 3 in New Zealand and number 12 in the UK.

From 1870 the clipper trade increasingly focused on trade and the carrying of immigrants between England and Australia and New Zealand, a trade that had begun earlier with the Australian Gold Rush in the 1850s.

* Mitre 10 MEGA and Bunnings Warehouse in the Australian and New Zealand retail / trade timber and hardware market ( Share 85 % of the timber and hardware market ).

The Australian and New Zealand systems are country specific and do not interconnect.

The Australian government took a more measured position than its New Zealand counterpart over the controversial Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill being debated in the Fijian Parliament.

It is outlawed in New Zealand and in all Australian states and territories, and is a crime under section 268 of the Criminal Code of Canada.

The Eighth Army had suffered over 13, 000 casualties in July including 4, 000 in the New Zealand Division, 3, 000 in the Indian 5th Infantry Division and 2, 552 battle casualties in the 9th Australian Division ) but had taken 7, 000 prisoners and inflicted heavy damage on Axis men and machines.

Many mementos of the Gallipoli campaign can be seen in the museum at the Australian War Memorial in Canberra, Australia, and at the Auckland War Memorial Museum in Auckland, New Zealand.

The Australian and I both were wearing insect repellent and were not badly bothered by insects, but my eyes watered as we stood watching the aborigine.

As they held the Ashes, Australian captains Bob Simpson and Bill Lawry were happy to adopt safety-first tactics and their strategy of sedate batting saw many draws.

Trade links with the rest of the Australian states were established with the Murray River being successfully navigated in 1853 by Francis Cadell, an Adelaide resident.

However, Twomey expresses confidence that, if the High Court of Australia were to be faced with the problems of covering clause 2, it would find some way to conclude that, with regard to Australia, the clause is subject solely to Australian law.

The European / Australian PAL ( Phase Alternation Line rate ) and the French-Former Soviet Union SECAM ( Séquentiel Couleur Avec Mémoire ) standard were developed later and attempt to cure certain defects of the NTSC system.

While scratch matches were played by Australian " diggers " in remote locations around the world, the game lost many of its great players to wartime service.

After the fall of Singapore, several thousand British and Australian prisoners of war were sent to camps in Borneo.

In 1978 An Australian Prayer Book was produced which sought to adhere to this principle, so that where the Liturgical Committee could not agree on a formulation, the words or expressions of the BCP were to be used.

For example, Australian left-wing " true believers " levelled it at supporters of the failed republic referendum of 1999 ( where the vote was split not along conventional party lines but very much along socio-economic divides, with the rich overwhelmingly supporting the change while the less well-off were opposed – a superficially bizarre pattern for a non-economic issue ).

Past Australian censuses were conducted in 1911, 1921, 1933, 1947, 1954, and 1961-2011 every five years.

It was proposed by the Beazley led Australian Labor Party opposition in a 2006 press release, with the intention of protecting children who were vulnerable due to claimed parental computer illiteracy.

During the combat operations from the atoll against Afghanistan ( 2001 – 2006 ) and Iraq ( 2003 – 2006 ), a number of allied militaries were based on the island including Australian, Japanese and the Republic of Korea.

The Australian Light Horse were similar to dragoon regiments in many regards, being mounted infantry which normally fought on foot, their horses ' purpose being transportation.

The Australian 4th Light Horse Brigade became famous for the Battle of Beersheba in 1917 where they charged on horseback using rifle bayonets, since neither sabres or lances were part of their equipment.

All of these were co-founded by Anna Donald, an Australian pioneer in the discipline.

In 2010, 183 million transactions, worth A $ 12 billion, were made using Australian EFTPOS terminals per month.

Then in the early 1980s there were major changes in the Australian brewing industry, including the merger of Castlemaine ( Brisbane ), Swan ( Perth ) and Toohey's ( Sydney ) into a national brewing group, as a result of acquisitions by Perth entrepreneur Alan Bond.

Some of the first examples were created ca 1981 by graffiti artist Blek le Rat in Paris ; by 1985 stencils had appeared in other cities including New York City, Sydney and Melbourne, where they were documented by American photographer Charles Gatewood and Australian photographer Rennie Ellis.

The Australian Gold Kangaroos were first coined in 1986 as the Australian Gold Nugget but changed the reverse design in 1989.

Sir William McKell ( 1947 – 53 ) was knighted during his term of office, but all the other governors-general until 1989 were already either peers or knights ; the only Australian peer was Lord Casey ( 1965 – 69 ).