According to his own account, a parallel scandal occurred when an armed Bolshevik ship was captured in Romanian territorial waters ; Rakovsky, who indicated that the weapons on board were to be used in Batumi, faced allegations in the Romanian press that he was preparing a Dobrujan insurrection.

In keeping with the first point of Lenin ’ s three point program concerning the press, the MRC would forcibly close critical publications and handover the facilities to Bolshevik sympathizers ( the following two points were a state monopoly on advertising and allocating printing services and supplies to socialist parties and citizen groups in proportion to their size ).

From 1907 on, English language articles sometimes used the term " Maximalist " for " Bolshevik " and " Minimalist " for " Menshevik ", which proved confusing since there was also a " Maximalist " faction within the Russian Socialist-Revolutionary Party in 1904 – 1906 ( which after 1906 formed a separate Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries Maximalists ) and then again after 1917.

However this was not accepted and Lenin tried to expel him from the Bolshevik faction.

Lenin was firmly opposed to any re-unification, but was outvoted within the Bolshevik leadership.

When the first meeting of the Fourth Duma was convened in late 1912, only one out of six Bolshevik deputies, Matvei Muranov, ( another one, Roman Malinovsky, was later exposed as an Okhrana secret police agent ) voted to break away from the Menshevik faction within the Duma on 15 December 1912.

" According to his suggestion, the Bolshevik party was renamed the Communist Party of Soviet Union.

From its founding, the Cheka was an important military and security arm of the Bolshevik communist government.

* The RSDLP was formally split in 1912, Henceforth, the Bolshevik faction was known as Russian Social Democratic Labour Party ( bolsheviks ), RSDLP ( b ) (), РСДРП ( б )).

** Nazarov was Dictator of the Don Republic ( which before, since its founding on 2 December 1917 at Novocherkassk, had been governed by a Triumvirate including the last pre-Soviet Ataman, Aleksei Maksimovich Kaledin ) from 11 February 1918 till 25 February 1918 when Bolshevik troops ended their existence

The Bolshevik revolution in October 1917 did not eliminate the privately owned film companies at first, though production was reduced through 1918.

A major event that greatly influenced the development of fascism was the October Revolution of 1917 in which Bolshevik communists led by Vladimir Lenin seized power in Russia.

The Bolshevik government's recognition of Finnish independence was the first expression of Lenin's power political strategy and ideology ; the right of nations to self-determination.

Himmler, declaring that the war in the east was a pan-European crusade to defend the traditional values of old Europe from the " godless Bolshevik hordes ", attracted volunteers from all over Europe for the Waffen-SS.

Lev Chernyi was an important individualist anarchist involved in resistance against the rise to power of the Bolshevik Party.

However, he was refused entry to Russia and went on to Stockholm and produced the journals Russische Korrespondenz-Pravda and Bote der Russischen Revolution to publish Bolshevik documents and Russian information in German.

The revolutionary autonomous movement of which he was a part made various tactical military pacts while fighting various forces of reaction and organizing the Free Territory of Ukraine, an anarchist society, committed to resisting state authority, whether capitalist or Bolshevik.

He was a major figure in the Bolshevik victory in the Russian Civil War ( 1918 – 20 ).

When various Bolshevik and Menshevik factions tried to re-unite at the January 1910 RSDLP Central Committee meeting in Paris over Lenin's objections, Trotsky's Pravda was made a party-financed ' central organ '.

The most serious disagreement that Trotsky and the Mensheviks had with Lenin at the time was over the issue of " expropriations ", i. e., armed robberies of banks and other companies by Bolshevik groups to procure money for the Party, which had been banned by the 5th Congress, but continued by the Bolsheviks.

Upon his return, Trotsky was in substantive agreement with the Bolshevik position, but did not join them right away.

By the end of 1917, Trotsky was unquestionably the second man in the Bolshevik Party after Lenin, overshadowing the ambitious Zinoviev, who had been Lenin's top lieutenant over the previous decade, but whose star appeared to be fading.

Trotsky's position was between these two Bolshevik factions.

Throughout January and February 1918, Lenin's position was supported by 7 members of the Bolshevik Central Committee and Bukharin's by 4.

Since that time, the term Bolshevik has been regarded as obsolete, and relevant only to the pre-Revolutionary times, during the Russian Revolution itself and the Russian Civil War which followed.

As with the anarchists, they too saw the Bolshevik take-over of the soviets ( like that of the trade unions ) as subverting the revolution and beginning the restoration of domination and exploitation ... Over the years this emphasis on working class autonomy has resulted in a reinterpretation of Marxist theory that has brought out the two-sided character of the class struggle and shifted the focus from capital ( the preoccupation of orthodox Marxism ) to the workers ... As a result, not only has there been a recognition that capitalism seeks to subordinate everyone's life ( from the traditional factory proletariat to peasants, housewives and students ) but that all those peoples ' struggles involve both the resistance to this subordination and the effort to construct alternative ways of being.

A loose confederation of anti-Bolshevik forces aligned against the Communist government, including land-owners, republicans, conservatives, middle-class citizens, reactionaries, pro-monarchists, liberals, army generals, non-Bolshevik socialists who still had grievances and democratic reformists, voluntarily united only in their opposition to Bolshevik rule.

Lenin was convinced that only an immediate peace would provide the young Bolshevik government with the necessary breathing space it needed to consolidate its power inside Russia.

Its successor, Bolshevik Russia, made peace with the Central Powers under the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, leaving Romania the only enemy of the Central Powers on the Eastern Front.

However, he remained in Moscow where he joined the Bolshevik party, writing to his comrades that " the Bolshevik party organization is the only Social Democratic organization of the proletariat, and if we were to stay outside of it, then we would find ourselves outside of the proletarian revolutionary struggle ".

Yet another international event would have a large impact on not only Mao but also the Chinese intelligensia was the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917.

Known as the Man with a Hundred Faces, he eluded Bolshevik capture and is still the only man to be knighted based on his exploits as a spy.

This was the position, contrary to that of " Classical Marxism " which by that time had been further illuminated by active life, shared by Trotsky and Lenin and the Bolsheviks until 1924 when Joseph Stalin, who along with Kamenev in February 1917 had taken the Menshevik position of first the bourgeois revolution, only to be confronted by Lenin and his famous April Thesis on Lenin's return to Russia, after the death of Lenin and seeking to consolidate his growing bureaucratic control of the Bolshevik Party began to put forward the slogan of " Socialism in one country ".

After Bolshevik devastation, the only ancient edifice left within the kremlin walls is the tent-like Archangel Cathedral ( 1624 – 31 ), first built in stone in the 13th century.

He operated mainly behind the scenes and cultivated an image of a colourless bureaucrat – for example, he was the only Bolshevik leader who always wore a suit and tie.

According to Erofeev, Molotov said of her: " She's not only beautiful and intelligent, the only woman minister in Soviet Union ; she's also a real Bolshevik, a real soviet person.

Though this lasted only a few months until the Bolsheviks took power after the October Revolution ( also called the Bolshevik Revolution ).

Prior to the revolution, the Bolshevik doctrine of democratic centralism argued that only a tightly knit and secretive organization could successfully overthrow the government ; after the revolution, they argued that only such an organization could prevail against foreign and domestic enemies.

During the NEP period, agricultural yields not only recovered to the levels attained before the Bolshevik Revolution, but greatly improved.

During the Bolshevik advance against Warsaw, the Pope asked for worldwide public prayers for Poland, while Nuncio Ratti as the only foreign diplomat showed personal courage, refusing to flee from Warsaw when the Red Army was approaching it in August 1920.

In 1931, the only Soviet factory suitable for T-26 production was the Bolshevik Factory in Leningrad, which had had experience manufacturing the MS-1 ( T-18 ) light tanks since 1927.

Initially, only Alexandra Kollontai rallied to Lenin's position within the Bolshevik party.

The " bolshevization " implied not only to adopt the political strategy of the Communist International but a reorganization of party's strucuture on the model of the Bolshevik Party ( discipline, local organization under the shape of " cells ", ascent of a young political staff which came from the working class ).

The Treaty of Versailles had only vaguely defined the frontiers between Poland and Bolshevik Russia, and post-war events created further turmoil and Poland's Chief of State, Józef Piłsudski, felt the time was right to expand Polish borders as far east as feasible, to be followed by a Polish-led Intermarum federation of East-Central-European states as a bulwark against the re-emergence of German and Russian imperialisms.