The Chinese emperor, by proper observance of ritual, manifested divine powers.

The Terracotta Army commissioned by the first Chinese Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi is a collection of about 8000 life-sized ceramic soldiers and horses buried with the emperor.

* 1945 – Puyi, the last Chinese emperor and ruler of Manchukuo, is captured by Soviet troops.

Several maritime Asian nations sent envoys with tribute for the Chinese emperor.

The Chinese Imperial examination system seems to have been started in 165 BC, when certain candidates for public office were called to the Chinese capital for examination of their moral excellence by the emperor.

Similarly, the Chinese concept of Mandate of Heaven required that the emperor properly carry out the proper rituals, consult his ministers, and made it extremely difficult to undo any acts carried out by an ancestor.

The Chinese emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty oversaw the compilation of the Yongle Encyclopedia, one of the largest encyclopedias in history, which was completed in 1408 and comprised over 370 million Chinese characters in 11, 000 handwritten volumes, of which only about 400 remain today.

In a similar manner, in imperial China, writers of classical Chinese texts were expected to avoid using characters contained within the name of the currently ruling emperor as a sign of respect.

" heavenly sovereign "), which is used exclusively to refer to an emperor of Japan, and kōtei ( 皇帝, the title used for Chinese emperors ), which is used primarily to describe non-Japanese emperors.

Imperial China produced only one reigning empress, Wu Zetian, and she used the same Chinese title as an emperor ( Huangdi, 皇帝 ).

After 1271, the emperors of the Yuan Dynasty also took the Chinese title huangdi, or Chinese emperor.

King Bu, supposed to be Yūryaku, sent an envoy to the emperor of Liu Song, a minor Chinese dynasty, in 478.

* 221 – Liu Bei, a Chinese warlord and member of the Han royal house, declares himself emperor of Shu-Han and claims his legitimate succession to the Han Dynasty.

The Chinese Imperial examination system seem started in 165 BC, when certain candidates for public office were called to the Chinese capital for examination of their moral excellence by the emperor.

Alarmed, the Chinese emperor Qianlong appointed Fukang ' an commander-in-chief of the Tibetan campaign ; Fu defeated the Gorkhali army and the Gorkhali were forced to accept surrender on China's terms.

* 344 – Jin Kangdi, Chinese emperor ( b. 322 )

A massive confiscation of opium by the Chinese emperor, who tried to stop the opium deliveries, led to two Opium Wars in 1839 and 1858, in which Britain suppressed China and traded opium all over the country.

His fleet carried 30, 000 men aboard 70 vessels, with the goal of bringing glory to the Chinese emperor.

The Yongle emperor designed them to establish a Chinese presence, impose imperial control over trade, impress foreign peoples in the Indian Ocean basin and extend the empire's tributary system.

* Emperor Wen of Sui, founder and first emperor of Chinese Sui Dynasty

* Helian Ding, emperor of the Chinese Xiongnu state Xia

The Agrarians believed that Chinese society should be modeled around that of the early sage king Shen Nong, a folk hero which was portrayed in Chinese literature as " working in the fields, along with everyone else, and consulting with everyone else when any decision had to be reached.

There were many great encyclopedists throughout Chinese history, including the scientist and statesman Shen Kuo ( 1031 – 1095 ) with his Dream Pool Essays of 1088, the statesman, inventor, and agronomist Wang Zhen ( active 1290 – 1333 ) with his Nong Shu of 1313, and the written Tiangong Kaiwu of Song Yingxing ( 1587 – 1666 ), the latter of whom was termed the " Diderot of China " by British historian Joseph Needham.

* Shen Kuo-an 11th century Chinese statesman who wrote a theory of land formation involving mineralogy

" The ancient Chinese scientist Shen Kuo ( 1031 – 1095 ) was the first person to write of the magnetic needle compass and that it improved the accuracy of navigation by employing the astronomical concept of true north ( Dream Pool Essays, AD 1088 ), and by the 12th century the Chinese were known to use the lodestone compass for navigation.

Pu Songling brought the short story form to a new level in his Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio, published in the mid-18th century, and Shen Fu demonstrated the charm of the informal memoir in Six Chapters of a Floating Life, written in the early 19th century but published only in 1877.

Taiyang Shen, the Chinese solar deity

Star catalogues are traditionally attributed to Shi Shen and Gan De, two rather obscure Chinese astronomers who may have been active in the 4th century BC of the Warring States Period ( 403-221 BC ).

This period also represents a high point in classical Chinese science and technology, with figures such as Su Song and Shen Kuo, as well as the age where the matured form of the Chinese pagoda was accomplished in Chinese architecture.

* 1075: Chinese official and diplomat Shen Kuo asserts the Song Dynasty's rightful border lines by using court archives against the bold bluff of Emperor Daozong of Liao, who had asserted that Liao Dynasty territory exceeded its earlier-accepted bounds.

* 1080 – 1081: The Chinese statesman and scientist Shen Kuo is put in command of the campaign against the Western Xia, and although he successfully halts their invasion route to Yanzhou ( modern Yan ' an ), another officer disobeys imperial orders and the campaign is ultimately a failure because of it.

* 1088: the renowned polymath Chinese scientist and official Shen Kuo made the world's first reference to the magnetic compass in his book Dream Pool Essays, along with encyclopedic documentation and inquiry into scientific discoveries.

* Shen Kuo, Chinese polymath, scientist and statesman

** Shen Congwen, Chinese writer ( d. 1988 )

** Shen Congwen, Chinese writer ( b. 1902 )

* Xu Shen, Chinese author of the large Shuowen Jiezi dictionary of etymology ( d. 147 )

* Xu Shen, Chinese author of the Shuowen Jiezi dictionary of etymology ( b. 58 )

* Shen Youzhi, Chinese general of Liu Song

* Shen Yue, Chinese historian and statesman ( b. 441 )

* The Song Dynasty Chinese polymath scientist and statesman Shen Kuo is appointed as the head official for the Bureau of Astronomy, where he begins his groundbreaking work with the colleague Wei Pu on accurately plotting the orbital paths of the stars, planets, and moon three times a night for a continuum of five years.

* The Song Dynasty Chinese polymath scientist and statesman Shen Kuo begins his defensive military campaign against the Tanguts of the Western Xia Kingdom, successfully defending the invasion route to Yan ' an.

* Shen Kuo, polymath Chinese scientist of Song Dynasty China