* 1180 – Emperor Go-Toba of Japan ( d. 1239 )

In the late Heian period, three of the last great waka poets appeared: Fujiwara no Shunzei, his son Fujiwara no Teika, and Emperor Go-Toba.

Emperor Go-Toba ordered the creation of a new anthology and joined in editing it.

* Former Emperor Go-Toba leads an unsuccessful rebellion against the Kamakura Shogunate.

* August 6 – Emperor Go-Toba of Japan ( d. 1239 )

* Emperor Go-Toba

* Emperor Tsuchimikado succeeds Emperor Go-Toba on the throne of Japan.

* March 28 – Emperor Go-Toba of Japan ( b. 1180 )

* Three-year old Emperor Go-Toba ascends to the throne of Japan after the forced abdication of his brother Emperor Antoku during the Genpei War.

# Redirect Emperor Go-Toba

He was the third son of Emperor Go-Toba.

He was elevated to the throne after Emperor Go-Toba pressured Emperor Tsuchimikado into abdicating.

In actuality, Emperor Go-Toba wielded effective power as a cloistered emperor during the years of Juntoku's reign.

Imperial tomb of Emperor Juntoku and Emperor Go-Toba, Kyoto

In 1221, because of the Jōkyū Incident, an unsuccessful attempt by Emperor Go-Toba to seize real power, the Kamakura shogunate completely excluded those of the imperial family descended from Emperor Go-Toba from the Chrysanthemum throne, thus forcing Emperor Chūkyō to abdicate.

After the Genpei War, he, the grandson of the late Emperor Takakura, who was also a nephew of the then exiled Retired Emperor Go-Toba, and Chūkyō's first cousin, was enthroned as Go-Horikawa.

In three arduous campaigns, the first two of which were conducted by the emperor himself while the third was directed by Manuel Comnenos ( great-uncle of Emperor Manuel Comnenos ), the Turks were defeated in detail in 1070 and driven across the Euphrates.

* 378 – Gothic War: Battle of Adrianople – A large Roman army led by Emperor Valens is defeated by the Visigoths in present-day Turkey.

* 1091 – Battle of Levounion: The Pechenegs are defeated by Byzantine Emperor Alexius I.

* 982 – Holy Roman Emperor Otto II is defeated by the Saracens in the battle of Capo Colonna, in Calabria

Their most famous battle against Rome took place in Argentoratum ( Strasbourg ), in 357, where they were defeated by Julian, later Emperor of Rome, and their king Chnodomarius was taken prisoner to Rome.

** Battle of Placentia — Emperor Aurelian is defeated by the Alemanni forces invading Italy

Their party was defeated ( 2 May 1182 ), but Andronikos Komnenos, a first cousin of Emperor Manuel, took advantage of these disorders to aim at the crown, entered Constantinople, where he was received with almost divine honours, and overthrew the government.

Andronikos III's attempt to make up for this setback by annexing Bulgarian Thrace failed in 1332, when he was defeated by the new Bulgarian Emperor Ivan Alexander at Rousokastron.

This proved unsuccessful: in 1396 the Christian allies, under the leadership of the King of Hungary and future Holy Roman Emperor ( in 1433 ) Sigismund, were defeated in the Battle of Nicopolis.

In 271, the Emperor Aurelian conclusively defeated the Goths and killed their king Cannobaudes in battle.

Emperor Justin I of the Eastern Roman empire requested that his fellow Christian, Kaleb, help fight the Yemenite king, and around 525, Kaleb invaded and defeated Dhu Nuwas, appointing his Christian follower Sumuafa ' Ashawa ' as his viceroy.

Soon after his enthronement, Saga himself took ill. Emperor Saga's untimely health problems provided former-Emperor Heizei with a unique opportunity to foment a rebellion ; however, forces loyal to Emperor Saga, led by taishōgun Sakanoue no Tamuramaro, quickly defeated the Heizei rebels which thus limited the adverse consequences which would have followed any broader conflict.

He was again defeated, and this time forced to ally himself with Napoleon, ceding territory to the Empire, joining the Continental System, and wedding his daughter Marie-Louise to the Emperor.

Romans defeated the barbarians on sea at first, then a battle in Thrace was won by Gallienus's army and the Emperor kept pursuing the invaders.

In 1547, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V defeated the Schmalkaldic League, an alliance of Protestant rulers.

Jahangir was defeated, but ultimately succeeded his father as Emperor in 1605.

The modern Italian Army defeated the poorly armed Abyssinians and captured Addis Ababa in May 1936, forcing Emperor of Ethiopia Haile Selassie to flee.

) raided and defeated the Xiongnu, killing 2000, after having received generous gifts from Emperor Guangwu of Han.

In the year 1626, the Mughal Emperor Jahangir began to contemplate an alliance between the Ottomans, Mughals and Uzbeks against the Safavids, who had defeated the Mughals at Kandahar.

The Duke of Bavaria was defeated, and Emperor Otto II regained full power.

The French Emperor, Napoleon III, feared that a powerful Germany would change the balance of power in Europe ( the French opposition politician Adolphe Thiers had correctly observed that it had really been France who had been defeated at Königgrätz ).

* 1916 – Battle of Segale: Negus Mikael, marching on the Ethiopian capital in support of his son Emperor Iyasus V, is defeated by Fitawrari abte Giyorgis, securing the throne for Empress Zauditu.

* 314 – Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses his European territories.

Herein he writes that the tribal confederation of the Getae were defeated by the Persian Emperor Darius the Great during his campaign against the Scythians.

* 1221 ( Jōkyū 3, 9th day of the 7th month ): In the 1st year of what is now considered to have been Chūkyō-tennō's reign ( 仲恭天皇1年 ), he abruptly abdicated without designating an heir ; and contemporary scholars then construed that the succession (‘‘ senso ’’) was received by a grandson of former Emperor Go-Toba.

* 1221 ( Jōkyū 3, 1st day of the 12th month ): Emperor Go-Horikawa acceded to the throne (‘‘ sokui ’’).

Kujō Michiie and the court nobility supported Prince Tadanari ( 忠成王 ), a son of Retired Emperor Juntoku, but the shikken Hōjō Yasutoki was opposed to the sons of Juntoku because of his involvement in the Jōkyū War.

According to The Institute for Research on World-Systems, Kamakura was the 4th largest city in the world in 1250 AD, with 200, 000 people, and Japan's largest, eclipsing Kyoto by 1200 AD. Yet, despite Kamakura's annihilation of Kyoto-based political and military power at the Battle of Dan-no-ura in 1185, and the failure of the Emperor to free himself from Kamakura's control during the Jōkyū War, Takahashi ( 2005 ) has questioned whether Kamakura's nationwide political hegemony actually existed.

Chūkyō was enthroned at the age of two following the deposition of his father, the Emperor Juntoku in preparation for the Jōkyū Incident, an unsuccessful attempt by Juntoku's father, the Retired Emperor Go-Toba, to overthrow the Kamakura Bakufu.

That same year, after the Jōkyū Incident, he was dethroned and replaced by his first cousin once removed Emperor Go-Horikawa, the nephew of Emperor Go-Toba.

With the protector of the Emperor ( shogun ) a figurehead himself, strains emerged between Kyoto and Kamakura, and in 1221 the Jōkyū War broke out between the Cloistered Emperor Go-Toba and the second regent Hōjō Yoshitoki.

With the protector of the Emperor ( shogun ) a figurehead himself, strains emerged between Kyoto and Kamakura, and in 1221 the Jōkyū War broke out between the Cloistered Emperor Go-Toba and the second regent Hōjō Yoshitoki.

The former Emperor Juntoku was sent to Sado after his role in the Jōkyū War of 1221.

* July 29, 1221 ( Jōkyū 3, 9th day of the 7th month ): In the 1st year of what is now considered to have been Chūkyō-tennō's reign ( 仲恭天皇1年 ), he abruptly abdicated without designating an heir ; and contemporary scholars then construed that the succession ( senso ) was received by a grandson of former Emperor Go-Toba.

* 1221 ( Jōkyū 3 ): The Jōkyū War ( Jōkyū no ran ) was an armed attempt by Emperor Go-Toba and his supporters, trying unsuccessfully to take power from the Kamakura bakufu.

* January 14, 1222 ( Jōkyū 3, 1st day of the 12th month ): Emperor Go-Horikawa acceded to the throne ( sokui ).

, also known as the Jōkyū Disturbance or the Jōkyū Rebellion, was fought in Japan between the forces of Retired Emperor Go-Toba and those of the Hōjō clan, regents of the Kamakura shogunate, whom the retired emperor was trying to overthrow.

* Jōkyū War ( 承久の乱 Jōkyū no Ran )-a 1221 war between Emperor Go-Toba and the Kamakura Shogunate.