In English the noun alpha is used as a synonym for " beginning ", or " first " ( in a series ), reflecting its Greek roots.

The noun is rarely used in American English to refer to people not connected to the United States.

In English, which has mostly lost the case system, the definite article and noun – " the car " – remain in the same form regardless of the grammatical role played by the words.

There is a noun use in US English, meaning " a chemical agent used in lethal injections "?

His General Introduction says " There are no ' verbs ' in Basic English ", with the underlying assumption that, as noun use in English is very straightforward but verb use / conjugation is not, the elimination of verbs would be a welcome simplification.

For example, in this grammar, some special words are for teaching languages, and not part of Basic English: plural, conjugate, noun, adjective, adverb, qualifier, operator, pronoun, and directive.

According to IUPAC, chemical elements are not proper nouns in English ; consequently, the full name of an element is not routinely capitalized in English, even if derived from a proper noun, as in californium and einsteinium.

The word agni is Sanskrit for fire ( noun ), cognate with Latin ignis ( the root of English ignite ), Russian огонь ( fire ), pronounced agon.

The verbal noun curling is formed from the Scots ( and English ) verb curl, which describes the motion of the stone.

Cannon serves both as the singular and plural of the noun, although in American English the plural cannons is more common.

The word " demiurge " is an English word from a Latinized form of the Greek, dēmiourgos, literally " public worker ", and which was originally a common noun meaning " craftsman " or " artisan ", but gradually it came to mean " producer " and eventually " creator ".

Other later Germanic forms include Middle English, Old Frisian ( adjective and noun ), Old Saxon, Old High German, and evil Gothic.

In English translations of the New Testament, the word faith generally corresponds to the Greek noun πίστις ( pistis ) or the Greek verb πιστεύω ( pisteuo ), meaning " to trust, to have confidence, faithfulness, to be reliable, to assure ".

The English noun fellatio comes from, which in Latin is the past participle of the verb, meaning to suck.

His agnomen Cunctator ( akin to the English noun cunctation ) means " delayer " in Latin, and refers to his tactics in deploying the troops during the Second Punic War.

Despite the above, the noun form in English (" attendant ") is someone who waits on another, generally with menial tasks and in a temporary fashion, as on an airplane or hotel ; whereas ' assistant ' implies a longer-term, higher level, and often contractual (= employment ), relationship.

English, for example, uses prepositions like " of " or " with " in front of a noun to indicate functions which in Ancient Greek or Latin would be indicated by changing ( declining ) the ending of the noun itself.

This derogatory form of the noun " hack " derives from the everyday English sense " to cut or shape by or as if by crude or ruthless strokes " and is even used among users of the positive sense of " hacker " who produces " cool " or " neat " hacks.

The noun ruach, much like the English word breath, can mean either wind or some invisible moving force.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the noun derives from a verb to kilt, originally meaning " to gird up ; to tuck up ( the skirts ) round the body ", which is apparently of Scandinavian origin.

Observare is a synonym for diligere ; despite the cognate with English, this verb and its corresponding noun, observantia, often denote " esteem " or " affection.

In English terms it would be similar to the Canadian or Australian commonwealth status of the 20th century.

" A commonwealth of good counsaile " was the title of the 1607 English translation of the work of Wawrzyniec Grzymała Goślicki " De optimo senatore " that presented to English readers many of the ideas present in the political system of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

In British English and in the commonwealth countries, the term public company is more widely to describe the same sort of entity while the word company encompasses all incorporated entities.

The English word commonwealth is a calque ( literal translation ) of res publica, and its use in English is closer to how the Romans used the term res publica.

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, a state is " a an organized political community under one government ; a commonwealth ; a nation.

These factors included the continuing Baptist movement in England, English language publications about the Sabbath in the early 1600s, and a relative freedom of religion from state interference in Oliver Cromwell's commonwealth.

Reverence for Roman republicanism was strong among the Founding Fathers of the United States and the Latin American revolutionaries ; the Americans described their new government as a republic ( from res publica ) and gave it a Senate and a President ( another Latin term ), rather than make use of available English terms like commonwealth or parliament.

Goślicki's Latin book De optimo senatore ( published during his stay in Italy in Venice, 1568 ) and dedicated to King Zygmunt August, subsequently appeared in four English translations: as The Counsellor ( considered inaccurate ) in 1598, A commonwealth of good counsaile in 1607, The Accomplished Senator ...

In terms of etymology and meaning, the closest Latin phrase is " res publica " (" res "-thing, " publica "-public, common ) and the closest English term is " commonwealth " ( i. e. " common wealth ", " common good "), but a more modern translation is republic ( a form of governance ).

Sociological jargon, Germano-Slavic approximations to English, third-rate but modish fiction, and outrages to common sense have often disfigured Partisan, and in lesser degree, the other magazines on the list.

The term allegiance was traditionally often used by English legal commentators in a larger sense, divided by them into natural and local, the latter applying to the deference which even a foreigner must pay to the institutions of the country in which he happens to live.

The term " absolute value " has been used in this sense since at least 1806 in French and 1857 in English.

In British English, according to Hart's Rules, the general rule is that abbreviations ( in the narrow sense that includes only words with the ending, and not the middle, dropped ) terminate with a full stop ( period ), whereas contractions ( in the sense of words missing a middle part ) do not.

Conversely, British English favours fitted as the past tense of fit generally, whereas the preference of American English is more complex: AmEng prefers fitted for the metaphorical sense of having made an object " fit " ( i. e., suited ) for a purpose ; in spatial transitive contexts, AmEng uses fitted for the sense of having made an object conform to an unchanged object that it surrounds ( e. g., " fitted X around Y ") but fit for the sense of having made an object conform to an unchanged object that surrounds it ( e. g., " fit X into Y "); and for the spatial senses ( both intransitive and transitive ) of having been matching with respect to contour, with no alteration of either object implied, AmEng prefers fit (" The clothes fit.

The word autobiography was first used deprecatingly by William Taylor in 1797 in the English periodical the Monthly Review, when he suggested the word as a hybrid but condemned it as ' pedantic '; but its next recorded use was in its present sense by Robert Southey in 1809.

The first known use of the word ball in English in the sense of a globular body that is played with was in 1205 in in the phrase, "" The word came from the Middle English bal ( inflected as ball-e ,-es, in turn from Old Norse böllr ( pronounced ; compare Old Swedish baller, and Swedish boll ) from Proto-Germanic ballu-z, ( whence probably Middle High German bal, ball-es, Middle Dutch bal ), a cognate with Old High German ballo, pallo, Middle High German balle from Proto-Germanic * ballon ( weak masculine ), and Old High German ballâ, pallâ, Middle High German balle, Proto-Germanic * ballôn ( weak feminine ).

These two invasions caused English to become " mixed " to some degree ( though it was never a truly mixed language in the strictest sense of the word ; mixed languages arise from the cohabitation of speakers of different languages, who develop a hybrid tongue for basic communication ).

According to Emile Benveniste ( 1954 ), the earliest written occurrence in English of civilisation in its modern sense may be found in Adam Ferguson's An Essay on the History of Civil Society ( Edinburgh, 1767 – p. 2 ): " Not only the individual advances from infancy to manhood, but the species itself from rudeness to civilisation.

According to William Lutz: “ Only by teaching respect and love for the language can teachers of English instill in students the sense of outrage they should experience when they encounter doublespeak.

" The semantics of this Chinese word resemble English virtue, which developed from a ( now archaic ) sense of " inner potency " or " divine power " ( as in " healing virtue of a drug ") to the modern meaning of " moral excellence " or " goodness.

As with the English heroic, each couplet usually makes sense on its own, while forming part of a larger work.

ESP is also sometimes casually referred to as a sixth sense, gut instinct or hunch, which are historical English idioms.

The idea of a feudal state or period, in the sense of either a regime or a period dominated by lords who possess financial or social power and prestige, became widely held in middle of the 18th century, thanks to works such as Montesquieu's De L ' Esprit des Lois ( 1748 ; published in English as The Spirit of the Laws ), and Henri de Boulainvilliers ’ s Histoire des anciens Parlements de France ( 1737 ; published in English as An Historical Account of the Antient Parliaments of France or States-General of the Kingdom, 1739 ).

The original word had both the meanings " friend " and " relative " but lost various degrees of the " friend " sense in Scandinavian languages, while it mostly lost the sense of " relative " in English.